Photochemical reaction of particle-bound 1-nitropyrene under simulated atmospheric condition

Photoreaction of particle-bound 1-nitropyrehe (1-NP) under simulated atmospheric condition has been studied. When 1-NP coated on the surface of silica gel was suspended in a stream of nitrogen, oxygen or air, respectively, and exposed to intensive light of xenon lamp, photochemical reaction took place. The result of kinetic study showed it to be of the second order. The photoreaction products were identified by off-line HPLC/MS as 1,6-pyrenequinone, 1,8-pyrenequinone, trinitro-hydroxypyrene, dinitrohydroxypyrene, 6,6'- dipyrenenone, etc. The mutagenicity of photochemical reaction products is higher in oxygen and air, and lower in nitrogen than that of the precursor 1-NP, as detected by the Ames Bioassay.     

In situ IR,pulse reaction and TPD-ITD study of catalytic performance of room-temperature carbon monoxide oxidation on supported gold catalysts

With in situ IR, two different CO adsorption bands were detected on various chemical state gold catalysts. One band is attributed to the linear CO on an oxidized gold catalyst(2100 cm i ), the other one is ascribed to the bridged CO on metallic gold (2085 cm- i ). CO pulse reaction showed that Au/Fe203 catalyst had a room-temperature activity even in the presence of moisture. The produced CO2 was detained and more easily desorbed from supported gold catalyst than support oxide. TPD-IDT results indicated that the 02- superoxide ions are the possible active oxygen species.     

CAX复合混凝剂处理含油废水的研究

针对石油工业含油废水的处理研制了一种CAX复合混凝剂。给出了CAX复合混凝剂的最佳反应条件,并与常用的铝盐,铁盐混凝剂处理效果进行比较。实验结果表明：在pH6-9,温度15－40℃,加药量0.5g/L,处理时间5－8min实验条件下,对含油废水中油和COD的去除率分别达到98％和80％以上,处理效果明显优于常用混凝剂。     

Psychological impact of amniocentesis on low-risk women

The study comprised 85 young (25–34 years old) women who underwent genetic amniocentesis, 80 comparable young women who had an ultrasoundscan at the same gestational age and 74 women (35–40 years old) who had amniocentesis. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Visual Analogue Scales concerning anxiety and worry were used on four occasions to evaluate psychological changes during pregnancy. The anxiety level in the younger women decreased after amniocentesis and a further decrease was observed after the results were communicated to them. However, similar changes were seen in the group of younger women after ultrasonography, and there was no difference in anxiety level between the two groups of younger women in the 16th or in the 35th week of pregnancy. Thus, in younger women at low genetic risk amniocentesis was neither anxiety-relieving, nor anxiety-creating. The level of anxiety before amniocentesis was not higher in the older than in the younger women having amniocentesis. However, in the younger women a significant decrease in anxiety was seen as soon as amniocentesis had been performed, while in the older women this decrease was delayed until after the results were known.     

活性炭脱硫研究 (Ⅱ)水蒸汽存在下SO2的氧化反应机理

利用一等温微分反应器进行了ＳＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ－Ｏ２－Ｎ２体系中ＳＯ２在椰壳炭上的氧化反应本征动力学测定，提出了这一反应的３种可能的机理，通过与实验结果的对比，得出这一反应的控制步骤为Ｈ２ＳＯ３＋Ｏ→Ｈ２ＳＯ４。     

Properties and biodegradability of chain-extended copoly(succinic anhydride/ethylene oxide)

Chain-extension reactions were carried out using titanium-iso-propoxide (TIP) as a catalyst for a series of polyesters or copolyesterethers with low molecular weights (M _n =1500–10,000) synthesized by the ring-opening copolymerization of succinic anhydride (SA) with ethylene oxide (EO). The copolymers having aM _n from 25,000 to 50,000 of different properties were obtained. Both the melting point (T _m ) and the fusion heat (H), which indicate the crystallinity of the copolymers, rose with an increase in SA content in the copolymers. Semitransparent films were prepared by compression molding of the copolymers. The biodegradation of the copolymer films was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis by lipases and by an aerobic gas evolution test in standard activated sludge. The hydrolyzability of these copolymers by three kinds of lipases was affected by their copolymer composition SA/EO, form, andM _n . The copolyesterether (SA/EO=43/57,M _n =48,900) was more easily biodegraded by standard activated sludge compared to the polyester (SA/EO=47/53,M _n =36,300).Presented at the Pacifichem-95, December 17–22, 1995, Honolulu, Hawaii.     

仪器法测定BOD5的研究与应用

通过研究用仪器法测定BOD5的方法的准确性。可靠程度及与标准法的相关性，从而证明简单、方便的仪器法是否可以代替繁琐、复杂的标准法，因而可以行之有效地运用到生产、科学研究、教学实际中。     

In vitro amplification of the α1-antitrypsin gene: Application to prenatal diagnosis

Discrimination of the M, Z, and S alleles of α₁-antritrypsin (AAT) has been carried out using in vitro gene amplification with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification of 90 nucleotides surrounding the Z mutation site and 120 nucleotides surrounding the S mutation site dramatically improves the sensitivity and reliability of allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) hybridization for direct detection of these alleles. Analysis is performed using Southern blots or dot blots hybridized with 19 base oligonucleotides and differentially washed for allele specificity. Amplification of the Z and S mutation sites can be combined in one PCR to allow detection of both mutations when analysed by gel electrophoresis and Southern transfer. This technique can be performed reliably using less than 0·1 μg of genomic DNA or less than 100 amniocytes or white blood cells. This technique has been used to perform prenatal diagnosis on a chorionic villus sample (CVS) in a fetus at risk for the ZZ Pi type form of AAT deficiency.     

前置反硝化技术在丙烯腈废水处理中的成功应用

根据含氰废水生物脱氮装置的运行实践分析了生物脱氮反应中废水的氨化、硝化和反硝化特点、原理。对装置进行改造后，氨氮合格率为95％以上。     

亚硝酸根—番红O重氮化偶联反应机理研究

研究了在酸性介质中，亚硝酸根离子与番红Ｏ偶联反应的机理，并作为光度分析新方法应用于测定亚硝酸根离子，研究表明，在５２０ｎｍ处，试剂空白同试液吸光度的差值与亚硝酸根离子的含量在２０－５００μｇ／Ｌ范围内的成线性关系。方法用于土壤，环境水样中亚硝酸根离子的测定，结果满意。