Decomposition of CCl4 and CHCl3 on gliding arc plasma

Introduction C hlorinated volatile organic com pounds(C V O C s) w ere released to the atm osphere as flue gases from various industrial processes. C hlorinated hydrocar- bons have been w idely accepted as solvents and chem ical interm ediates in the m an…     

白洋淀底泥腐殖质的表征及光化学反应

白洋淀底泥腐殖质的表征及光化学反应郁志勇王文华彭安（中国科学院生态环境研究中心，环境水化学国家重点实验室，北京１０００８５）关键词腐殖质；单线态氧（１Ｏ２）；自由基（ＲＯＯ·、ＨＯ·）；光化学反应腐殖质是动植物经过长期的物理、化学、生物作用而形成的...     

突发性环境污染事故的分类特征及处置措施——以保定市两起危及环境安全事故为例

环境污染事故具有时间上的突发性、形式不确定性、危害的严重性和处理处置的艰巨性.发生在河北省保定市境内的两起危及水环境安全的事故具有典型性和代表性.事故发生后通过采取一系列相应的应急措施,有效地控制了大规模的环境污染;如何防止和应对突发环境污染事故,维护环境安全,已成为环境保护工作的重大新课题.面对环境安全事故及跨流域、跨区域环境污染事故的频繁发生,应从排查污染隐患、建立完善的环境应急响应体系、加强环境应急基础设施建设等方面入手,减少事故的发生,减轻对环境的危害.     

TiO2,ZnO光催化降解庚烷的活性研究

采用XRD，SPS，XPS，BET技术对TiO2和ZnO超细粉进行了结构、性能测试、考察了不同粒径的超细粉和普通商品（体相）TiO2、ZnO对庚烷的气相光催化反应，结果表明，TiO2（锐钛矿型）光催化活性大于ZnO，锐钛矿型TiO2光催化活性较金红石型TiO2好，对于同一结构的粒子来说，粒径愈小，表面羟基含量愈高，光催化活性愈高，通过反应产物的分析，探讨了反应机理。     

绿化树种对大气SO2、铅复合污染的反应

依据植物对大气污染的反应方式来选择城市绿化树种是减轻大气污染物的重要途径和手段。通过观察污染地区绿化树种叶片的受害症状来判断植物对SO2、铅复合污染物的抗性程度，根据植物对SO2、铅复合污染物的反应特性划分植物对大气污染物的抗性等级，从而筛选出对SO2、铅复合污染物的抗性植物种类和敏感监测植物种类。研究结果表明：抗性树种有：花曲柳、桑树、皂角、山桃、黄檗、臭椿、紫丁香、忍冬、柽柳、桧柏、枸杞、水蜡、刺槐、色赤杨、加拿大杨、黄刺枚、玫瑰、白榆、茶条槭；敏感监测树种有：连翘、榆叶梅、锦带花、风箱果、云杉、油松、樟子松、山槐。     

Mechanochemical removal of organo-chlorinated compounds by inorganic components of soil

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the catalytic efficiency of two metal oxides, ferrihydrite and birnessite and of a ferruginous smectite, towards organic molecules such as 4-chloroaniline (4-CA), pentachlorophenol (PCP), and five polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) characterised by different number and position of chlorine atoms. Mechanochemical dry contacts with light grinding between catalytic surfaces and pollutants have been carried out.

The efficiency of the mechanochemical removal was compared with batch experiments for the soluble compounds (PCP and 4-CA). The removal of 4-CA and PCP by the mechanochemical procedure resulted more effective than by batch contact in the presence of birnessite and ferrihydrite, particularly at higher pH (100% removal of 4-CA by birnessite in 30 min at pH 8.6 after the mechanochemical contact compared to 20% removal using the batch interaction at the same pH).

The mechanochemical contact of PCBs and birnessite produced a removal of pollutant that was a function of the number of chlorine atoms (complete removal of 2,2^′-dichlorobiphenyl in 10 days and a removal of 30% and 20% of 2^′,3,4-trichlorobiphenyl and 3,3^′,4,4^′-tetrachlorobiphenyl, respectively in 90 days) and of the position of chlorine atoms about the biphenyl rings (100% of 2,2^′-dichlorobiphenyl in 10 days, 84% of 3,3^′-dichlorobiphenyl in 15 days and 40% of 4,4^′-dichlorobiphenyl in 27 days).     

低频超声辐照降解间苯二酚水溶液的研究

利用低频超声波对模拟间苯二酚废水进行研究,主要讨论间苯二酚本身性质以及超声操作声强对降解的影响,并通过自由基清除剂实验判定该反应的反应类型.结果表明,间苯二酚本身性质以及超声声强对间苯二酚的超声降解影响都比较大,并且该超声降解反应过程以自由基氧化反应为主,同时该反应遵循表观一级动力学反应特征.初始浓度为200mg/L的间苯二酚反应液经强度0.4 W/cm2的超声波辐照4 h后,降解率为48.6%.     

强电场电离放电脱硫研究

窄脉冲电晕放电等离子体中电子平均能量低于3eV,没有解决SO2氧化和铵盐回收率难题，强电离放电的电子平均能量达到10eV，有效解决热化学脱硫的SO2氧化和铵盐回收率问题。铵盐回收率达到88％以上，放电能耗低于9Wh/Nm^3。为烟气脱硫提供一项低成本有效的新方法。     

A study into the parameters affecting selected reaction monitoring of 2,3,7,8-TCDD

The use of high resolution (10,000 resolving power) coupled gas chromatography - mass spectrometry is a well established technique in the analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) but in the case of heavily contaminated stack samples interferences can still occur. A complementary technique that offers high specificity is selected reaction monitoring (SRM).A study has been made into the effects that affect the metastable dissociation of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in the first field free region (FFR1) of a magnetic sector mass spectrometer, and monitored using SRM.Monatomic, diatomic and polyatomic gases have been investigated in the collision chamber of the mass spectrometer, as have the effects of electron energy, source temperature and trap current on the dissociation, and optima conditions determined for them.     

短柱气相色谱法研究焚烧炉飞灰上萘的氯化反应及其产物

本文用0.3mBenton-34/OV-1短填充柱气相色谱法研究了萘在焚烧炉飞灰上的氯化反直产物,实验表明,飞灰表面性质对氯化有促进作用,这种促进作用与飞灰的来源或表面性质有强烈关系,文中对有关分析方法和萘在焚烧炉飞灰上氯化反应的结果作了讨论。