地质工程建设与环境的协调发展

人类为自身的发展而进行的各种工程地质建设与环境相互依存,相互影响。本文首先提出人与自然是工程地质工作的两个基本点,并且认为人类活动应与自然环境相协调。人类的各种工程活动必然影响到周边环境。建立整体性思维是解决工程建设与环境协调发展问题的有效方法。我国近年来表现最突出的工程地质建设与环境问题包括:(1)为西部大开发而进行的各种配套的工程建设将要遇到的工程地质及环境问题;(2)南水北调工程建设及环境问题;(3)东部及沿海地区工程建设及环境问题;(4)水土流失与我国北方大规模荒漠化问题及城市的环境破坏与污染控制问题等等。最后作者详细论述三峡库区地质工程建设与环境的相互影响。为实现可持续发展战略,工程地质建设必须与环境相协调。     

曝气生物滤池处理化学药剂废水的试验研究及影响因素分析

探讨了对于难处理的化学药剂废水曝气生物滤池处理的可行性，分析了影响曝气生物滤池处理效果的若干因素，试验结果表明，废水的温度、pH值、气水比及水力停留时间等是影响滤池处理效果的重要因素，控制废水水温在15℃以是，pH在7．3．8．3之间，气水比10：1，水力停留时间大于10h，可以取得较为理想的处理效果，出水CODcr，和BOD5的去除率可分别达到58％和90％以上。     

从LCA角度评价塑料用品与木制用品对环境的影响

通过对一次性塑料与纸制用品（木制品）的评价研究的基础上，对木制品与塑料制品从生命周期评价（LCA）的角度上对问题作进一步的探讨和研究，得出结论为塑料制品为环保型产品。     

同步硝化反硝化生物脱氮技术研究

讨论了影响同步硝化反硝化反应的各参数,并进行了单因素实验与正交实验,获得了同步硝化反硝化生物脱氮工艺运行的最佳条件:DO浓度控制在0.5～2 mg/L,COD浓度为600～800mg/L,混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)为5000 mg/L,pH值在8.0左右,反应时间为6 h.在此条件下,氨氮及COD的去除率都较高,分别达85%和95%,总氮去除率为68 5%.     

连续流分段进水生物脱氮工艺控制要点及优化

主要介绍了分段进水生物脱氮工艺的系统工作原理及工艺特性,并探讨了该工艺运行操作和设计的几个重要影响因素,如进水流量分配比、溶解氧、污泥回流比、C/N比等,并在此基础上讨论了分段进水生物脱氮工艺的优化控制对策.     

总氮测定中的注意事项

碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定总氮中，对空白值偏高的影响因素进行了实验和分析，提出了几点建议及改进措施。     

API MODEL 100A光路系统对二氧化硫测定值的影响

通过比较二氧化硫测定值与紫外灯强度、紫外检测器调节值及光电倍增管高压值的关系，提出二氧化硫测定值与紫外灯强度、光电倍增管高压值成正比，与紫外检测调节值成反比的结论，并对仪器校准提出了有效性建议。     

H2O2 formation from photocatalytic processes at the ZnO/water interface

The paper focuses on the production of H2O2 by photocatalysis over ZnO in an aerated aqueous phase. The presence of different reductants that increase the H2O2 production in the aqueous phase is analysed; particular attention is paid to nitrite, which has been shown to be the reductant that produces the most significant increments in the H2O2 production. The photocatalytic anodic decomposition of ZnO in the presence of the different reductants is also investigated. From the results obtained, the relevance of the ZnO photocatalysis in the formation of environmental hydrogen peroxide is estimated.     

Investigation on the influence of methanol on adsorption and leaching of pesticides with soil column liquid chromatography

The effect of methanol of low concentration on adsorption and leaching of atrazine and tebuconazole was studied in this paper. The adsorption coefficients and the retardation factors (R^m) of pesticides on EUROSOIL 3# log-linearly decreased as volumetric fraction of methanol (f^c) was increased in the binary solvent mixtures of methanol and water. These data are consistent with solvophobic theory formerly outlined for describing the adsorption and transport of hydrophobic organic chemicals from mixed solvents. Nevertheless, the adsorption of these pesticides in soil–water system slightly increased when the soil was pre-washed with methanol in comparison with that pre-washed with water (pure water system). Furthermore, their adsorption coefficients were still higher in binary solvent systems with methanol of very low concentrations, i.e. f^c<0.03 for atrazine and f^c<0.01 for tebuconazole, than those in pure water system. The adsorption coefficients (logK^w) of atrazine and tebuconazole predicted by solvophobic theory were 0.5792 and 1.6525, respectively, and their experimental logK^w were 0.3701 and 1.6275 in pure water system. Obviously, the predicted logK^w of the two pesticides was higher than the experimental log K^w in pure water system. The predicted K^w and the retardation factor (R^w) in pure water system by solvophobic theory are thus possibly inaccurate.