Modeling the Suitability of Potential Wetland Mitigation Sites with a Geographic Information System

Wetland mitigation is frequently required to compensate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands. Site conditions and landscape context are critical factors influencing the functions that created wetlands perform. We developed a spatial model and used a geographic information system (GIS) to identify suitable locations for wetland mitigation sites. The model used six variables to characterize site conditions: hydrology, soils, historic condition, vegetation cover, adjacent vegetation, and land use. For each variable, a set of suitability scores was developed that indicated the wetland establishment potential for different variable states. Composite suitability scores for individual points on the landscape were determined from the weighted geometric mean of suitability scores for each variable at each point. These composite scores were grouped into five classes and mapped as a wetland mitigation suitability surface with a GIS. Sites with high suitability scores were further evaluated using information on the feasibility of site modification and project cost. This modeling approach could be adapted by planners for use in identifying the suitability of locations as wetland mitigation sites at any site or region.     

景观生态学在建设项目生态环境影响评价中的应用

景观生态学目前是国家环境保护总局《非污染生态影响评价技术导则》引入的概念框架和理论方法。本文通过景观生态学在不同性质建设项目中的运用分析,进行了一定的尝试,更加希望在今后建设项目生态环境影响评价工作中得到修正和完善。     

公众参与市容环境规划与管理的方法设计--以南京市的实践为例

市容环境是与公众生活联系最为紧密的领域,也是公众参与最容易进行的领域。南京的城市建设要实现“经济发达、环境优美、融古都特色和现代文明于一体的现代化江滨城市”的目标,公众参与市容环境的规划与管理是关键内容之一。论文以“南京市市容环境卫生发展规划”项目工作为基础,分析和阐述公众参与的内涵,提出公众参与市容环境的五大步骤,并针对南京市容环境方面的具体案例,设计出符合南京特色的公众参与市容环境规划与管理的方法框架模型,包括决策模式、制度框架的共管体系。     

阜康市生态旅游规划研究

生态旅游规划是生态示范区规划的重要组成部分。本文以天池风景区规划为例阐述生态旅游规划应突破以风景区为主单一的旅游景观格局,应根据景观生态学原理、旅游地理学和旅游经济学理论,按照景观格局的梯度性变化为依据,以增长旅游线路、丰富景区类型、提高旅游收入为内容,以保护景区资源、开发景区资源为目标,开展基于发展“大旅游”思想的以沈域为单元的全面战略性规划,为实现阜康产业结构调整、增强区域经济实力提供依据。     

雪崩危险度评价的类型、特征和方法

在提出“积雪单元”概念的基础上,将雪崩危险度评价分为区域雪崩危险度评价和点位雪崩危险度评价。从发生学角度,论证、筛选出发生危险度评价的4个主导因素,即气候、积雪厚度、坡度和植被类型与覆盖度,并提出了明确的指标体系。详细论证了两类评价各自的特征、操作性评价程序和方法。区域雪崩危险度评价是在划分积雪单元的基础上,评定各单元的等级高低并进行制图;点位雪崩危险度评价则涉及到雪崩发生点位和可能的承灾点位,分为发生危险度评价和到达危险度评价,可根据已有的统计资料来预测其概率。     

Methodological Development of an Index of Coastal Water Quality: Application in a Tourist Area

With the aim of obtaining an index of coastal water quality, a methodological procedure based on numerical classification and discriminant analysis is presented. The procedure was applied to nutrient data (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate) analyzed along the coastal waters of a Spanish tourist area. Using numerical classification, three levels of nutrient loading were revealed, characterizing oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and potentially eutrophic waters. Discriminant analysis was shown to be an effective methodological tool in the discrimination between trophic groups. For every group, the discriminant procedure generated the centroids. The centroids representing oligotrophic and potentially eutrophic conditions were used to establish the two extremes of the continuum of mesotrophic conditions in these coastal waters: Standardizing values from -1 to 1, the centroids for oligotrophic and potentially eutrophic waters yielded an interval that defined the range of mesotrophic conditions. This interval is proposed as a water quality index. The ability of the coastal water quality index to successfully predict mesotrophic conditions was proved with random samples.     

丽江古城水环境现状与调控对策研究

水环境是丽江世界文化遗产地生态地质环境的重要组成部分。由于丽江城市化进程加快，对水环境保护不力，导致古城水污染加剧、水资源量衰减、景观生态用水不足和景观水质下降。通过强化水环境研究，加强水环境立法，进行水生态环境综合治理；实施以调剂古城周边地下泉水为主，拉市海调水为辅的丽江古城景观调水方案，可保护丽江古城水环境，为丽江古城世界文化遗产地的可持续发展提供保证。     

安徽沿江开发区发展现状评价研究

在学习并借鉴国内有关开发（园）区评价方法的基础上，选择经济总量、经济效率、基础设施和产业质量4方面共计12个指标评估开发区的发展状况，并在评估的基础上把安徽沿江15个开发区划分为重点拓展型开发区、优化提升类开发区、积极培育类开发区，最后针对不同类型的开发区分别提出发展建议。     

欠发达城市人居环境评价体系构建及应用

在参阅国内城市人居环境评价指标体系研究的基础上，选择安徽省六安市为样区，提出了欠发达城市人居环境评价的原则、指标构成以及评价模式和方法。其中，指标体系共分为目标层、准则层、分类层和指标层4个层次，从居住建设、生态环境和社会经济三大系统构建了39个单项指标，依据六安市2005年的调查统计资料，对其人居环境的建设水平和满意度两方面进行了对比评价，验证结果科学可行，可为同类地区人居环境质量评价提供参考。     

湖北省区域可持续发展能力综合评价

从区域可持续发展的观点出发，根据湖北省具体区域特征，通过构建湖北省区域可持续发展指标体系和评估方法，得出湖北省12个地市人口、资源、环境、经济和社会5个系统的可持续发展指数以及区域综合可持续发展指数。从总体上看，湖北省区域可持续发展水平处于偏低水平，其中武汉市是唯一具有强可持续发展能力的城市，但优势地位不明显；其它城市可持续发展5个系统均存在发展不平衡状况，且城市特色不突出。