大型抽水蓄能电站场地地震动效应及设计地震动参数研究

大型抽水蓄能电站往往建于山区的沟源坳地,场地地形复杂,各工程场点高差大。结合某大型抽水蓄能电站工程的具体情况,根据工程场地岩土参数原位测试及试验室试验结果,采用二维波动有限元方法研究复杂场地条件下的场地地震动效应,计算确定了50年及100年设计基准期对应超越概率63%、10%、5%、2%共8个设防水准的地震动参数,并通过不同高程处地震动参数的对比分析,研究了地形地貌对场地地震动效应的影响,得到一些有价值的结论。研究成果已在具体工程设计中采用,该成果对其它同类工程也有一定借鉴作用。     

在线固相萃取-液相色谱串联质谱法测定污水厂尾水中6种酸性药物

建立了大体积在线固相萃取-液相色谱串联质谱(Online-SPE-LC-MS)检测污水厂尾水中6种酸性药物的方法.10 mL水样采用0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤后经自动进样器直接在线上样,经Atlantis T3柱(100 mm×4.6 mm×3μm)富集,Atlantis T3柱(100 mm×2.1 mm×2.6μm)...     

Floods in southern Portugal: their physical and human causes,impacts and human response

Floods have been the most deadlynatural disasters in Portugal during the lastcentury, followed by earthquakes. The typeof flood known as a `progressive flood'mainly affects the larger basins, such asthat of the Tagus River, and results in alarge inundated area. These floods arecaused by heavy rains associated with awesterly zonal circulation that may persistfor weeks. The system of dams within thebasin reduces the frequency of flooding,but cannot `tame' the river. The dam systemhas even contributed to an increase in thepeak flow, as in the 1979 flood.Nevertheless, these floods are not a dangerfor the human population. In contrast, flashfloods are more dangerous and deadlier thanprogressive floods, as demonstrated in 1967and 1997. They affect the small drainagebasins and are caused by heavy andconcentrated rainfall, created byconvective depressions (active cold poolsor depressions caused by the interactionbetween polar and tropical air masses),active in the south of the country, in theLisbon region, Alentejo and the Algarve.Deforestation, soil impermeability, chaoticurbanization, building on floodplains, theblockage of small creeks or theircanalisation, and the building of walls andtransverse embankments along the smallcreeks all contribute to the aggravation ofthis kind of flood.     

中国近代大震系列与预测

本文研究了中国近代的三列大震系列.在它们发生之前都出现过强震系列.在地震预报中,使用强震系列与大震系列及其公式:Ni'=Ni-k'/(1-b)k可以预报强震与大震.利用强震系列的相关性,预测大震系列也是有益的.     

大挤压比薄壁件复合挤压成形工艺过程的数值模拟

采用等温复合挤压工艺成形大挤压比薄壁件,并应用DEFORM对大挤压比薄壁件的复合挤压过程进行有限元数值模拟,分析成形过程中的变形力及金属流动规律.根据模拟得到的应力场、应变场、速度场及加载变化等,也可预测大挤压比薄壁件复合挤压变形时产生的缺陷.     

移民环境容量有关问题的探讨

叙述了移民环境容量研究的意义，探讨了移民环境容量研究工作中存在的问题，并定义了移民环境容量，最后，提出移民环境容量的研究方法和工作程序。     

水中天然有机大分子对混凝影响的电动特征

以流动电流为特征参数，研究了水处理混凝过程中，天然有机大分子对水中悬浮胶体颗粒，无机盐混凝剂及其相互作用过程所表现出的电动性质特征，探讨了ＨＡ和ＤＡ影响混凝过程电动特性的条件与机理。结果表明，ＨＡ和ＤＡ的存在大大降低了无机盐混凝剂对水中悬浮胶粒作用的电动效果，这与二对混凝效果的影响具有一致性。     

Numerical simulation of smoke plumes from large oil fires

A large eddy simulation (LES) model of smoke plumes generated by large outdoor pool fires is presented. The plume is described in terms of steady-state convective transport by a uniform ambient wind of heated gases and particulate matter introduced into a stably stratified atmosphere by a continuously burning fire. The Navier-Stokes equations in the Boussinesq approximation are solved numerically with a constant eddy viscosity representing dissipation on length scales below the resolution limits of the calculation. The effective Reynolds number is high enough to permit direct simulation of the large-scale mixing over two to three orders of magnitude in length scale. Particulate matter, or any non-reacting combustion ;product, is represented by Lagrangian particles which are advected by the fire-induced flow field. Background atmospheric motion is described in terms of the angular fluctuation of the prevailing wind, and represented by random perturbations to the mean particle paths. Results of the model are compared with two sets of field experiments.     

农作物种植结构与农民收入及其对环境影响的分析

农民增收问题是三农问题的重要环节。本文以湖南省张家界市慈利县零溪镇大庄村第五、八、十六组为研究对象,分析了自1980年实行土地包产到户以来农作物种植结构的变化及农民收入之间的关系,认为在本地以柑橘为主的单一类型农作物规模化经营最有利于降低农民劳动强度、提高农民收入,对环境既有正面影响也有负面影响,并对其带来的环境影响提出了思考和建议。