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61.
国土空间规划对新时期流域水环境保护意义重大。本文结合国土空间规划对流域水环境影响的全过程(污染产生—污染排放—污染入河)机制,构建了国土空间规划视角下流域水环境变化评估指标体系和框架。以长春市第二松花江流域为例,利用系统动力学模型和一维水动力模型QUAL2K量化了国土空间规划对流域水环境的影响。结果表明,到国土空间规划近期目标年(2025年),流域水环境状况良好,体现为流域大部分河段COD和NH3-N达标,水环境容量最小为44.96 kg/d和5.10 kg/d。国土空间规划中的总量目标、环保设施建设和相关布局的实施将会使COD和NH3-N污染产生量降低52.61%和14.16%;污染排放量降低26.45%和59.09%;水环境容量增加10.68%和57.17%。总体而言,国土空间规划对流域水环境改善潜力巨大,同时改善潜力因不同区域、污染源、污染物而异。本研究提出的评估框架为国土空间规划背景下流域水环境保护提供了思路。 相似文献
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多波长K系数方程法同时测定水样中Cu2+、Co2+、Cd2+,即选定三个测定波长,分别将三组分在两个波长处的吸光度转换为另一波长处的吸光度,即可列出一个多元一次方程组,进而解出此波长处各组分的吸光度,求得各组分的含量。对水样中的Cu2+、Co2+、Cd2+三组分同时测定,结果令人满意。 相似文献
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针对公共安全突发事件应急救援的封闭空间场景(Confined Space Scene,CSS)信息采集不通畅、不全面而影响救援等问题,提出1种基于不变特征转换(Scale invariant feature transform,SIFT)和支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)的图像信息异常检测方法。在场景内外信息传递“断环”情况下,该方法可利用物联网技术采集的图片,或以网络图片信息、历史类似场景数据等作为补充,通过SIFT特征提取、K means聚类处理以及SVM分类,实现场景的智能识别。经仿真分析,该方法能实现封闭空间内外部图像信息互通,“接补”因无法了解事件内部情况而产生的救援环节链条的“断环”,为救援提供决策参考。 相似文献
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The present study was conducted to compare the 137Cs, 40K, 232Th, and 238U activity concentrations in epigeic moss (Hypnum cupressiforme) and lichen (Cladonia rangiformis). The activity levels in 37 moss and 38 lichen samples collected from the Marmara region of Turkey were measured using a gamma spectrometer equipped with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The activity concentrations of 137Cs, 40K, 232Th, and 238U in the moss samples were found to be in the range of 0.36-8.13, 17.1-181.1, 1.51-6.17, and 0.87-6.70 Bq kg−1 respectively, while these values were below detection limit (BDL)-4.32, 16.6-240.0, 1.32-6.47, and BDL-3.57 Bq kg−1 respectively in lichen. The average moss/lichen activity ratios of 137Cs, 40K, 232Th, and 238U were found to be 1.32 ± 0.57, 2.79 ± 1.67, 2.11 ± 0.82, and 2.19 ± 1.02, respectively. Very low 137Cs concentrations were observed in moss and lichen samples compared to soil samples collected from the same locations in a previous study. Seasonal variations of the measured radionuclide activities were also examined in the three sampling stations. 相似文献
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Anjos RM Juri Ayub J Cid AS Cardoso R Lacerda T 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(11):1055-1061
Health hazard from natural radioactivity in Brazilian granites, covering the walls and floor in a typical dwelling room, was assessed by indirect methods to predict external gamma-ray dose rates and radon concentrations. The gamma-ray dose rate was estimated by a Monte Carlo simulation method and validated by in-situ measurements with a NaI spectrometer. Activity concentrations of 232Th, 226Ra, and 40K in an extensive selection of Brazilian commercial granite samples measured by using gamma-ray spectrometry were found to be 4.5-450 Bq kg−1, 4.9-160 Bq kg−1 and 190-2029 Bq kg−1, respectively. The maximum external gamma-ray dose rate from floor and walls covered with the Brazilian granites in the typical dwelling room (5.0 m × 4.0 m area, 2.8 m height) was found to be 120 nGy h−1, which is comparable with the average worldwide exposure to external terrestrial radiation of 80 nGy h−1 due to natural sources, proposed by United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Radon concentrations in the room were also estimated by a simple mass balance equation and exhalation rates calculated from the measured values of 226Ra concentrations and the material properties. The results showed that the radon concentration in the room ventilated adequately (0.5 h−1) will be lower than 100 Bq m−3, value recommended as a reference level by the World Health Organization. 相似文献
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