空气湿度对低浓度有机蒸气在活性炭上吸附平衡的影响

采用吸附柱穿透曲线法测定了30℃不同相对湿度（RH）下4种低浓度有机蒸气（VOC）在活性炭上的等温吸附量，结果表明，水蒸汽对VOC吸附平衡的抑制作用。随着RH的增大，VOC浓度的降低而增大，且随着VOC分子极性的增强则有所增大；VOC水蒸汽吸了平衡的抑制作用，随着VOC分子极性的增强是有所减弱，提出一个基于竞争吸附机理的olanyi-Dubi-min方程，解释空气湿度对低浓度VOC在活性炭吸附平衡的影响。     

某电镀厂附近农田土壤中的重金属形态研究

通过连续提取法对电镀废水污染区和对照区农田土壤中的重金属元素Cu、Cr、Ni、Pb和Mn形态进行了研究.结果显示,污染区土壤中多种形态的Cu、Cr和Ni含量都显著高于对照区,尤其以它们的有机结合态差异最为显著.污染区较对照区土壤中Mn的总量虽无显著差异,但可交换态Mn的含量显著增加(分别为98.68mg/kg和40.75mg/kg).污染区与对照区土壤中的Pb的交换态、碳酸盐结合态、Fe-Mn氧化物结合态、有机结合态和残留态均无显著差异.电镀废水的污染使得农田土壤中Cu、Cr和Ni含量和生物有效性显著升高,Mn的化学形态改变,移动性和生物有效性增加.     

人工生物浮岛载体的研究进展

为改善浮岛性能,减少有机高分子材料所造成的"白色污染",有必要研制开发新型浮岛载体-轻质高效微生物载体.从国内外浮岛的研究现状看,目前在工程实例中广泛采用的是有机高分子材料载体,无机材料的浮岛尚处于实验研究阶段.在对几种典型无机材料-轻质滤料的物理特性、成分、化学稳定性、价格、来源等方面进行综合分析后可知,用无机材料制作有机浮岛载体的替代品是可行的,具有广阔的发展前景,但还需进一步的研究和探索.     

土壤与沉积物中水溶性有机物释放动力学研究

模拟研究了沉积物与草甸沼泽土中水溶性天然有机物从固相向水相释放的动力学过程，探讨了流速、温度和ｐＨ条件对土壤物中水溶性有机物释放速度的影响。研究结果表明，上述过程可以用滞膜模型（单膜）加以描述，释放为典型的一级动力学过程，且草甸沼泽土中水溶性有机物的释放较沉积物快。     

Carbon Budget Implications of the Transition from Natural to Managed Disturbance Regimes in Forest Landscapes

Land-use change from an unmanaged to a managed forested landscape in northern forests is associated with a reduction of the area annually affected by natural disturbances (wildfires and forest insects) and the introduction of harvesting as a new disturbance. This study examined the impacts of changes in the disturbance regime-the frequency and type of disturbance-on landscape-level carbon (C) content and fluxes. The Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector was used to assess these impacts in six representative landscapes (100,000 ha each) with a range of disturbance regimes that are characteristic of conditions in coastal British Columbia, the interior of British Columbia, and the eastern boreal forest in Canada. The model was used to simulate ecosystem C fluxes during a period of natural disturbances, a 50-year transition period during which harvesting replaced natural disturbances, followed by 150 years of harvesting. The initial landscape-level biomass C content under natural disturbance regimes in the six example landscapes was 22 to 75% of their potential maximum content which is often used as the reference or baseline case. After 200 years of forest management, the C stored in the landscape plus the C retained in forest products manufactured from harvested biomass was between 58 and 101% of the landscape C content prior to the onset of harvesting. Landscape-level ecosystem C content was found to be affected by changes in the disturbance frequency, the age-dependence of the disturbance probabilities, and the disturbance-specific impacts on ecosystem C content. The results indicate that using the potential maximum C content of a landscape as the baseline always overestimates the actual C release due to land use change. A more meaningful procedure would be to assess the actual differences in landscape-level C content between the natural and the managed disturbance regime.     

ClO2氧化-活性炭吸附法处理染色废水的试验研究

用ClO2氧化与活性炭吸附相结合的方法处理染色废水，与单独用ClO2氧化或活性炭吸附处理相比，CODcr去除率和脱色率均有较大提高。     

旅游踩踏对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响

为了探明旅游活动对张家界国家森林公园土壤微生物活性及多样性的影响,保护土壤生态平衡及合理开发自然保护区提供理论依据,进行了旅游踩踏对土壤微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响研究.结果表明,在所设的3个试验区中,0～5cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响最严重,5～15cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响较严重,而15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量碳、磷受到旅游踩踏的影响最轻,旅游踩踏对所设3个试验区中3个层次土壤的微生物生物量碳、磷的影响均达到了显著水平(p＜0.05).从旅游踩踏对3个土壤层的微生物生物量氮的影响程度来看,0～5cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响最严重,5～15cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响较严重,而15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮受到的影响最轻,背景区与缓冲区15～25cm土壤层的微生物生物量氮差异没有达到显著水平.说明张家界国家森林公园土壤微生物遭到了旅游踩踏的破坏,抵御外界干扰的能力已受到了旅游踩踏的破坏.     

炼油污水回用方案初探

针对污水处理场改造后的水质情况，结合现有闲置设备的状况，提出一套既符合现场实际又有针对性的污水回用处理方案。     

烟囱颗粒污染物连续监测技术

介绍了一种烟囱颗粒物排放的实时监测装置。该装置基于光散射理论 ,使用一个半导体激光器件作为光源 ,用 4个光电元件分别测定入射光强、从测量区出射的光强及前向两个立体角的散射光能 ,使用一台微机对接收信号进行处理 ,能够实时地给出烟囱排放源的排放浓度及粒径分布。     

Solid phase extraction of methomyl and thiodicarb from environmental water with an activated carbon cartridge and their determination by HPLC

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