基于Fluent软件的尾矿坝体渗流污染模拟研究

简要分析尾矿渗流污染过程,尾矿坝体是主要渗流治理对象,运用传质原理,引入尾矿废水与污染物之间的曳力系数,提出污染物传质速度与废水速度计算公式,进而改进浸润线计算公式,利用Gambit软件建立了尾矿坝渗流的二维几何模拟模型,将尾矿坝内部的尾粉砂和尾粉土理化特性常数输入Fluent模拟多孔介质模式,模拟废水在其中的流动状态,对比分析污染物在尾矿坝的污染情况.依据模拟结果,分析了尾矿坝废水速度场和压力场,结合公式推测污染情况和浸润线变化.     

Disaster journalism: fostering citizen and community disaster mitigation,preparedness, response,recovery, and resilience across the disaster cycle

Natural and human‐caused disasters pose a significant risk to the health and well‐being of people. Journalists and news organisations can fulfil multiple roles related to disasters, ranging from providing warnings, assessing disaster mitigation and preparedness, and reporting on what occurs, to aiding long‐term recovery and fostering disaster resilience. This paper considers these possible functions of disaster journalism and draws on semi‐structured interviews with 24 journalists in the United States to understand better their approach to the discipline. A thematic analysis was employed, which resulted in the identification of five main themes and accompanying subthemes: (i) examining disaster mitigation and preparedness; (ii) facilitating recovery; (iii) self‐care and care of journalists; (iv) continued spread of social media; and (v) disaster journalism ethics. The paper concludes that disaster journalism done poorly can result in harm, but done well, it can be an essential instrument with respect to public disaster planning, management, response, and recovery.     

基于社交媒体建构的旅游演艺品牌符号研究--以《长恨歌》为例

运用内容分析法对《长恨歌》社交媒体的营销话语进行了梳理,并基于皮尔斯符号三元论,探究了旅游演艺在社交媒体平台中的品牌符号建构模式。结果发现:建构过程主要分为表征、传播和感知3个阶段,《长恨歌》品牌符号表征可划分为历史文化、知识信息、价值感知、环境服务和互动仪式5大主题,传播呈现时间同步性和空间异质性规律,旅游演艺品牌符号在激发受众多维感知的过程中,塑造出《长恨歌》深入人心、历久弥新的品牌形象,为社交媒体语境下旅游演艺品牌营销带来启示。     

土壤气相抽提过程中多孔介质扰动的数值分析

基于质量守恒与流体达西定律推导水气二相流动的连续性微分方程,进而结合饱和度~相对渗透率~毛细压力耦合关系构建二相流动数学模型,并建立多孔介质孔隙度变化与水气二相饱和度之间的数学关系,最终实现多孔介质扰动时空变化的定量表征.案例模拟分析结果表明:对于特定场地而言,抽提影响带的空间形态与抽提真空度密切相关,抽提真空度越大,影响半径及影响带内的气流速度越大,本案例中抽提真空度在11kPa和31kPa时的抽提影响半径分别达到8.5m和9m;在抽提过程中,孔隙度及渗透率随时间呈现先增加后稳定的显著变化,达到稳定所需的时长及其变幅则与离抽提段的空间距离成反相关,抽提压力为0.7′105Pa、特征参数 =0.8的情景模拟显示:距离抽提段1m的P1点在约40min后孔隙度达到稳定、增幅为0.0387,而较远的P4点,距抽提段水平距离为3m,约在60min后达到稳定、增幅为0.0031,相应地,P1和P4点介质渗透率分别从1.18×10-11m2增加至2.22×10-11与1.25×10-11m2;在相同抽提压力下,孔隙度增幅与关键参数 值成正相关,抽提压力为0.9×105Pa、 =0.1和0.8时的孔隙度最大增幅分别约为0.009和0.055;相同参数 条件下,孔隙度增幅与抽提压力成正相关, =0.8、抽提压力为0.7×105Pa时的孔隙度最大增幅则达到0.066.     

The role of social media for sustainable development in mountain region tourism in Pakistan

This research letter focuses on tourist behavior and tourism business operators’ contributions to rural mountain region economic growth and sustainable development when using social media. Data were collected from 43 interviews from different tourism business operators, and a questionnaire survey of 576 tourists from the Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Drawing on development communication theory, the study reveals that there is a positive relationship between the tourists’ intentions and rural mountain region sustainable development. The study also reveals that most tourists are willing to pay more taxes when touring mountain regions. The real business outcomes from tourism business operators show that rural mountain region tourism creates better employment opportunities for the rural population. All tourists demonstrated the motivation to take part in rural mountain region sustainable development while touring rural locations. The study also offers policy implications.     

Transport of antibiotic resistance plasmids in porous media and the influence of surfactants

Transport of engineered antibiotic resistance plasmids in porous media has been reported to potentially cause significant spreading of antibiotic resistance in the environment. In this work, transport of an indigenous resistance plasmid pK5 in porous media was investigated through packed column experiments. At identical ionic strengths in CaCl₂ solutions, the breakthroughs of pK5 from soil columns were very close to those from quartz sand columns, indicating that transport of pK5 in quartz sand and soil was similar. A similarity in transport behavior was also found between pK5 and an engineered plasmid pBR322 that has approximately the same number of base pairs as pK5. The influence of surfactants, a major group of constituents in soil solutions, was examined using an engineered plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/myc-His A. The impact of an anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), was negligible at concentrations up to 200 mg·L^–1. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, was found to significantly enhance plasmid adsorption at high concentrations. However, at environmentally relevant concentrations (<1 mg·L^–1), the effect of this surfactant was also minimal. The negligible impact of surfactants and the similarity between the transport of engineered and indigenous plasmids indicate that under environmentally relevant conditions, indigenous plasmids in soil also have the potential to transport over long distances and lead to the spreading of antibiotic resistance.

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Media coverage of the ‘UK flooding crisis’: a social panorama

A disaster referred to by the press as the ‘UK flooding crisis’ occurred between December 2015 and January 2016. This study employed three different levels of analysis to identify a multidimensional perspective adopted in the disaster reporting of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). These levels revealed details about the social actors and their interactions. The set of news exposed diverse viewpoints on the crisis, from loss and damage to distinct affected subgroups to the various social engagement actions of aid and the multiplicity of technical response measures. The conclusions highlight considerable social amplitude in the BBC's coverage; however, owing to the reductionist approach of this media communicator, the field of action involving different social actors was not very clear in the content of the news, particularly with regard to cohesion, conflict/obstruction, and concernthe concept of crisis in its essence. In addition, the paper suggests new questions for future reports. 1     

Analysing news media coverage of the 2015 Nepal earthquake using a community capitals lens: implications for disaster resilience

South Asia is one of the regions of the world most vulnerable to natural disasters. Although news media analyses of disasters have been conducted frequently in various settings globally, there is little research on populous South Asia. This paper begins to fill this gap by evaluating local and foreign news media coverage of the earthquake in Nepal on 25 April 2015. It broadens the examination of news media coverage of disaster response beyond traditional framing theory, utilising community capitals (built, cultural, financial, human, natural, political, and social) lens to perform a thematic content analysis of 405 news items. Overall, financial and natural capital received the most and the least emphasis respectively. Statistically significant differences between local and foreign news media were detected vis‐à‐vis built, financial, and political capital. The paper concludes with a discussion of the social utility of news media analysis using the community capitals framework to inform disaster resilience.     

改性滤料在矿井水净化处理中的试验研究

采用高温加热法制备了涂铁石英砂和无烟煤联用的双层改性滤料,并通过过滤试验对比验证了其对矿井水中不同污染物的去除效果。过滤6 h出水浊度为0.3 NTU,ρ(COD)降为2.5 mg/L,均低于饮用水标准限值,Fe、Mn的去除率分别达88.7%和66.7%,并通过反冲洗试验,确定了该滤料的反冲洗强度q=16 L/(m2.s)和过滤周期T=370 min。滤后水质可满足淡化除盐进水要求,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Large-scale effects on resistivity index of porous media

The estimation of humidity in the unsaturated zone of soils and NAPL saturation in contaminated aquifers may be based on the interpretation of electrical resistivity index logs. In the present work, concepts of the theory of the two-phase flow in pore networks are employed to interpret the form of the equilibrium and dynamic resistivity index curves of large porous samples. A resistivity cell is constructed to measure the capillary and electrical properties of large samples of unconsolidated porous media. The drainage capillary pressure and resistivity index curves of a sand column are measured by using the micropore membrane (porous plate) method, where a 0.5% wt/vol NaCl aqueous solution is displaced by n-dodecane. The dynamic resistivity index curves are measured by using the continuous injection technique for various orientations of the sand column. Based on concepts of the two-phase flow theory, concerning the dominant displacement growth pattern in a pore network and arising from the cooperative effects of capillary, buoyancy, and viscous forces, approximate relationships are developed for the resistivity index and saturation exponent as functions of the water saturation. The saturation exponent decreases as the displacement advances and the fluid distribution across the sand column tends to be homogenized after oil breakthrough. Both the resistivity index and saturation exponent increase as the displacement pattern tends to become compact and stable. In the destabilized flow pattern, as the Bond number decreases, the resistivity index may increase respectably within a narrow range of values of the Bond number. This happens when the thickness of the unstable capillary finger exceeds the lateral dimension of the porous sample and becomes a fractal percolation cluster. The saturation exponent becomes almost constant and independent of water saturation only over the destabilized displacement pattern at high values of the Bond number.