特厚倾斜煤层采空区对公路路基沉降影响研究

为了研究采空区导致上覆复杂岩层运移致使公路路基沉降问题,以颗粒流理论为基础,通过下落法构建模型。根据煤层位置,假设了7种采空区长度进行模拟。模拟的结果为岩层应力、应变在不同情况下的最终状态,同时提出了影响区和松散堆积区的概念。结果表明,由于岩层构造复杂,在不同情况下主要影响区和松散堆积区的发展变化是不同的,特别是岩层4的作用较为特殊。根据公路路基设计规范,采空区只限于假设1和假设2的采空区范围内,路基沉降才能满足规范要求。     

产氢新种Ethanoligenens harbinese B49的氮素营养与代谢特征

从氮源角度研究了一株产氢新种Ethanoligenens harbineseB49发酵葡萄糖和糖蜜的产氢特性及其营养需求,以及酵母粉对产氢菌E.harbinese B49生长和产氢的特殊效应.试验结果表明,在以葡萄糖为底物条件下,以酵母粉替代蛋白胨作为唯一氮源可以大大提高E.harbineseB49的产氢能力,单位体积产氢量从1700mL L-1培养基提高到2400mL L-1培养基,产氢能力提高40.35%.该条件下去除维生素液,E.harbinese B49的产氢能力不受影响.从E.harbinese B49产氢动力学分析可以看出,对数生长期处于12~22h期间.从对数期开始迅速产氢,并且一直持续到稳定前期,产氢速率达到16.8mL/h,生物气中最大氢含量为41%.驯化后的E.harbinese B49利用糖蜜为底物产氢,糖蜜COD为13g L-1时,单位体积最大产氢能力为1576mL L-1.当培养基中额外加入0.5g L-1酵母粉时,可以大大促进E.harbinese B49发酵糖蜜产氢的能力,单位体积氢产量达到1960mL L-1,提高了24.4%,比产氢率达到150.8mL(H2)/g(COD).以牛肉膏、蛋白胨、尿素为氮源时,E.harbineseB49产氢量提高较小.图4表2参16     

扑草净降解菌降解特性、降解基因保守序列的扩增及同源性分析

从受污染农田中分离到一株补草净降解菌FR，经鉴定属于假单胞菌，考察了温度及pH对其降解能力的影响，确定pH7.0,32℃为最适作用条件；设计引物，通过PCR扩增到一条长度约为500bp的降解基因保守片段，通过对该片段部分序列测定及同源性搜索，证实该片段与atzA,triA等均三嗪化合物水解酶基因具有很高的同源性。     

热塑性成形唯象应力-应变本构方程

在高温实验基础上,提出一种建立材料高温塑性成形全过程的唯象本构关系的方法,获得42CrMo及T3两种典型材料的热塑性加工过程应力-应变本构方程。为材料成形工艺及数值模拟提供不可缺少的基本保障条件。     

乌什300km内6级强震的应变异常特征初步分析

自1984年乌什架设高精度钻孔应变以来,乌什300km内发生了9组共16次6级地震,在这些地震前应变仪器记录到了异常。本文对乌什台应变异常特征进行了初步分析,认为钻孔应变对乌什300km内的地震有较好的映震能力,以短期、短临异常为主,以张性突跳、波动不稳定变化为特征。     

乌什300km内6级强震的应变异常特征初步分析

自1984年乌什架设高精度钻孔应变以来，乌什300km内发生了9组共16次6级地震，在这些地震前应变仪器记录到了异常。本文对乌什台应变异常特征进行了初步分析，认为钻孔应变对乌什300km内的地震有较好的映震能力，以短期、短临异常为主，以张性突跳、波动不稳定变化为特征。     

百菌清污染土壤生物修复研究进展

针对百菌清具有在土壤中药效稳定、不易分解、代谢周期长、长期大量施加导致土壤严重污染等特点和问题,简要介绍了百菌清的毒性作用机制。总结了降解土壤中百菌清的物理法、化学法和生物法的原理及优缺点。重点阐述了生物修复百菌清污染土壤的主要降解菌株及其效果、降解途径以及降解产物及其毒性,分析了土壤性质、微生物种类、温度、土壤含水率等因素对百菌清降解效果的影响。指出今后的研究重点应为降解中间产物的毒性分析及其进一步的降解与转化问题,而复合菌制剂或多酶复合体系可实现百菌清的彻底降解和无害化。     

Response of the buried steel pipeline caused by perilous rock impact: Parametric study

One of threatening buried steel pipeline in bad geological regions is collapsed rock. Buckling behavior of a buried pipeline impacted by a perilous rock with spherical shape was investigated by numerical simulation. Effects of pipeline parameters (internal pressure, wall thickness, diameter, buried depth) and perilous rock parameters (impact velocity, radius, eccentric distance) on deformation, stress and strain of the buried pipeline were discussed. Buckling behaviors of the buried pipeline under transverse and longitudinal inclined impacts also were studied. The results show that cross section shape of the buried pipeline becomes to an oval, then to a peach shape, and finally to a crescent shape or gourd shape in the process of rock’s impact. The deformation process of a buried pipeline can be divided into four stages. They are elastic deformation stage, buckling stage, elastic recovery stage and final deformation stage. Buckling mode of no-pressure pipeline is more serious than the pressure pipeline. The impact dent’s length and depth increase with the decreasing of buried depth, wall thickness and internal pressure. But they increase with the increasing of impact velocity, perilous rock’s radius and pipeline’s diameter. The maximum stress and plastic strain decrease with the increasing of buried depth and wall thickness. Under rock’s eccentric impact, impact dent trends to one side. Stress and plastic deformation decrease with the eccentric distance increases. Under rock’s transverse and longitudinal inclined impacts, cross section shape of the buried pipeline is an oval shape when the incidence angle α ≤ 45°, and there is no plastic deformation. When α > 45°, impact dent appears. Buckling is more serious with the incidence angle increases. Destructive powers of transverse and longitudinal inclined impacts are smaller than the vertical impact.     

生物强化技术处理化纤废水

采用生物强化技术,即利用从废水中分离、筛选出的降解丙烯腈与总氰的特效菌株,使化纤废水加营养盐的培养基中丙烯腈降解率达98．7％,总氰降解率达84％。将分离到的特效菌株进行混合培养,其降解丙烯腈与总氰的最佳体积比为1．0：（1．5～2．0）。使用该技术不必改变化纤废水处理场原有工艺。     

Prediction of Duration Limited Exposure for Participants Wearing Chemical Protective Clothing in the Cold

The suitability of the IREQ (insulation required) index for predicting the thermal responses of 6 participants wearing chemical protective clothing was tested during exercise at -20 and -25 °C. IREQ was used to calculate duration limited exposure (DLE). Measured DLE correlated (r= .899, p < .001) with the predicted DLE. In exposures exceeding 40 min, however, the predicted DLE tended to be 10-20 min too short compared to the measured one. During short exposures the prediction was 5-20 min too long. The results show that IREQ overestimated the cold strain in participants wearing chemical protective clothing during cold exposures longer than 40 min. Nevertheless, predicted DLE never exceeded measured times and thus the prediction was always safe from the occupational point of view.