钡渣用于三相流化床烟气脱硫

提出了在三相流化床内用钡渣进行烟气脱硫的方法。分析了钡渣湿法脱硫原理，并进行了工艺改进实验，对两种不同溶渣方式工艺进行了静态和动态模拟实验，考察了两种方式的离子浓度和吸收容量等因素。实验表明，将渣先和水混合再用脱硫废水调整水质、脱硫塔进水pH在7．5左右时有利于系统的稳定运行。当液气比为2．88、气速为9．5m／s时，脱硫效率可以达到85％以上。这种方法可大大降低脱硫成本，实现以废治废。     

废电池极性材料在硝酸中的溶解条件

废锌锰电池极性材料在一定条件下可以较好地溶解于硝酸中，其液固质量比及H2O2加入量对溶解过程有较大的影响。采用正交实验的方法得出硝酸溶解废旧锌锰电池极性材料的适宜条件为：硝酸浓度6mol／L、液固质量比13．6、H2O2质量分数2．5％、反应温度60℃、反应时间25min。     

生物膜填料塔启动及烟气脱硫研究

进行了生物膜填料塔挂膜启动及烟气脱硫实验研究。循环液的Fe2+的氧化速率与吸光度有明显的相关性,同时,压力损失和pH也是挂膜启动完成的重要指标。通入低浓度SO2气体驯化后,脱硫率可达到90%以上,Fe2+氧化速率维持在0.2g/(L.h)左右,连续保持7d,挂膜启动完成。脱硫实验结果表明,在SO2入口质量浓度小于2 000m g/m3、喷淋液中Fe2+浓度大于或等于0.06m o l/L、喷淋率约为12L/(m3.h)、空塔气速约为0.15m/s的条件下,脱硫率可达96%以上。当喷淋液循环使用7次后,必须补充新鲜营养液,以保证较高的脱硫率。     

除尘器三维流场自动检测系统及其应用

介绍了以五孔球形探针为主的除尘器流场自动检测系统的研制过程。同时,应用该系统对两种旋风除尘器进行了测定。测定结果表明,该系统完全满足除尘器三维流场的测定要求。     

Kinetics of Aerobic Polymer Degradation in Soil by Means of the ASTM D 5988-96 Standard Method

The standard test method ASTM D 5988-96 for determining the degree and rate of aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in contact with soil was applied to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(-caprolactone). The method proved to be reliable and supplied reproducible measurements of CO₂ production, provided potassium (instead of barium) hydroxide was used as a trapping solution. The trends of CO₂ evolution, as a function of time, observed for the degradation of polymer powders in soil are similar to those predicted by simple first order kinetics in solution. The experimental data are described by a Michaelis–Menten type model, which accounts for the heterogeneity of the polymer-soil system. The kinetic equation deduced predicts the degradation rate to the proportional to the exposed polymer surface area.     

黄河三角洲地区冰雹分析及其短时预报

介绍了冰雹的气候特征, 利用黄河三角洲地区１９８８～１９９７ 年的 ７１１ 雷达回波、降雹资料及有关的高空探测资料, 对冰雹云的雷达回波参数和环境场要素进行了统计分析。结果表明：降雹与雷达回波顶温度、回波强度、０～－ ２０℃之间云体的厚度、７００ ｈ Ｐａ 上的比湿及云体的冷暖厚度之比等参数有关。在此基础上, 建立了冰雹的短时预报方程, 并为人工防雹提供可作为依据的简明判据     

聚丙烯中空纤维膜生物反应器处理生活污水实验研究

在膜生物反应器中使用聚丙烯中空纤维膜材料的膜组件，可以解决以往其它材料寿命短、强度低、易污染等问题。利用这种膜生物反应器处理生活污水，其出水水质达到回用水标准，CODcr小于25mg／L；NH3-N小于5mg／L；浊度小于0．6NTU，可以回用于冲厕、绿化用水及河湖补充水。     

关于职业安全卫生有关概念的探讨

笔者简要回顾了我国安全生产工作在不同时期和不同阶段所使用的劳动保护、劳动安全卫生、职业安全卫生、职业健康安全及职业安全健康等概念 ,并对各自的研究对象和内涵进行了分析和探讨 ,提出了职业健康安全和职业安全健康应使用统一术语的建议     

HYDROLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL TRENDS AND PATTERNS IN THE UPPER RIO GRANDE, 1975 TO 19991

ABSTRACT: Hydrological and geochemical spatial patterns and temporal trends were analyzed using U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) water quality data collected from 1975 to 1999 along the uppermost 600 km of the Rio Grande in Colorado and New Mexico. Data on discharge, specific conductivity (SC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^?, SO₄^2‐, Cl^?, F^?, and SiO₂ came from six USGS stations ranging from the Colorado‐New Mexico border to below Albuquerque, New Mexico. Linear regression, Kendall's S, and Seasonal Kendall's S’ were used to detect trends, and ANOVA was used to analyze spatial differences between stations. Statistically significant increasing trends occurred in SC, TDS, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, Cl^?, and F^?in the uppermost reaches, and significant decreasing trends of SC, TDS, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^?, and SO₄^2‐occurred at the lower stations around Albuquerque. Both fluoride concentrations and pH values increased at and below Albuquerque over the study period. Discharge data show an increasing trend across all stations. Spatially, data for dissolved substances show generally linear upstream to downstream increases in concentrations in the upper four stations, with several notable nonlinear increases at and below Albuquerque (SC, TDS, Na⁺, Cl^?). Significant increases in pH appear at and below Albuquerque, relative to upstream stations, probably due to improved sewage treatment.     

83—1除草剂在大鼠体内的代谢研究

目前，我国对新农药的登记要求对其进行代谢降解研究。为此本文采用ＨＰＬＣ、ＵＶ、ＩＲ和ＭＳ等现代仪器分析的方法，给大鼠经口染毒８３－１除草剂后，在大鼠尿中分离和鉴定出四种代谢代物，发现该除草剂在大鼠体内的代谢主要是还原和结合作用。从而推断了该农药在大鼠体内的代谢转化过程。