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31.
无花果的研究与产业化发展对策 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
简述了无花果的化学成分、药用保健价值、临床应用及其在医药和食品工业中的深加工利用等。无花果含有丰富的糖类、有机酸、脂类、维生素、活性生化物质、矿物质等成分,具有调节免疫、防癌抗癌、护肝、降血糖和血脂等药用保健价值,在医药和食品工业中有广泛的应用,并提出了加入WTO后我国无花果产业化发展的对策。 相似文献
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植物激素对平菇茵丝生长及酶活性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用固体平板和液体摇瓶培养方法,研究了赤霉素、2,4-D、吲哚乙酸和萘乙酸4种激素对平菇- 126菌丝生长及酶活性的影响.结果表明,吲哚乙酸虽然能提高发酵液胞外蛋白的含量和过氧化物酶活性,但对菌丝的生长起抑制作用,这与吲哚乙酸能引起平菇菌丝裂解和细胞膜渗漏有关;萘乙酸、低浓度2,4-D能促进菌丝的伸长;萘乙酸、赤霉素在低浓度下也能促进菌丝的分枝,对菌丝的生长整体上起促进作用.除吲哚乙酸外,其他3种激素对平菇菌丝生长影响都有两重性:低浓度下能促进菌丝的生长,浓度过高则会对菌丝生长产生毒害作用. 相似文献
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Surveys of trade in wildlife products utilised in traditional medicine were conducted between 1997 and 1999 on the western boundary of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Although the extent of trade and numbers of people operating in this sector were lower than other regions of South Africa, this study again highlighted the value of indigenous wildlife products to subsistence economies. Apart from cultural diversity, socioeconomic differentiation occurred at a number of levels. (i) There were socio-economic differences between the traders and vendors. (ii) Gender differences were apparent, with women earning significantly less than men and having to undergo more social challenges in their operation in the market place. (iii) Operational differences were noted between the vendors and traders, as well as between the street and pension day vendors. (iv) Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) highlighted the socio-economic differentiation at the household level, emphasizing in particular one of the most vulnerable groups, the elderly. The potential influence of this socio-economic differentiation needs to be considered during the development of Community-Based Conservation programmes, if the dual aims of conserving biodiversity and improving the lives and livelihoods of those who traditionally rely on medicinal plants are to be met. 相似文献
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High copper (Cu) accumulation in medicinal plants might favor lipid peroxidation and hence affect antioxidant responses. This effect was studied by determining antioxidant activities in the water extracts of medicinal plants from Cu mining impact site and compared with control samples. Antioxidant activities of the extracted medicinal plants were assayed by measuring (1) total phenolic and flavonoid contents, (2) diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)? free radical scavenging activity, and (3) inhibition capacities of lipid peroxidation. The total phenolic as well as total flavonoid contents of the mining impact samples and control samples are not significantly different. However, inhibition of lipid peroxidation capacities was significantly less (12–60%) for mining impact samples as reflected by the IC50 values. These anomalies were attributed to high concentrations of Cu (2–4-fold higher) in mining impact samples as measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A positive correlation was observed between Cu levels and IC50 values for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation for mining impact samples. 相似文献
38.
采用碱(NaOH)和生物(蘑菇渣、绿色木霉)2种方法分别预处理造纸污泥,并将预处理后的造纸污泥与味精废液进行联合厌氧消化,研究不同预处理方式对造纸污泥的影响以及对后续联合厌氧消化甲烷产率的影响.结果表明,造纸污泥经过碱(NaOH)预处理和生物预处理(蘑菇渣、绿色木霉)后,污泥颗粒的结构变得紧实、平滑,颗粒间的孔隙度减少,污泥絮体中的纤维长度明显变短、污泥中的SCOD增加了35.5%~1130%、VSS降低了6%~19%、SVsludge增加了32%~192%,NH3-N浓度提高了36%~62.4%,表明预处理后污泥中的大分子物质被降解成小分子物质,且碱预处理对污泥产生的变化较生物处理大;经预处理后的造纸污泥与味精废液联合厌氧消化,甲烷得率分别为:NaOH预处理0.32m3 CH4/kg VS、蘑菇渣预处理0.23 m3 CH4/kg VS,较CK分别提高了54%~88%和12%~34%,可见碱预处理提高甲烷产率效果更明显,由于蘑菇渣预处理具有成本低、解决二次污染、实现废物再利用等优点,因此两者在预处理提高造纸污泥厌氧消化甲烷产率方面都具有重要意义. 相似文献
39.
Pramod Chandra 《Natural resources forum》2020,44(3):274-285
The medicinal and aromatic plants resources of Uttarakhand, India offer significant opportunities of employment and livelihood for rural communities and contribute a large share in the medicinal and aromatic plants trade of India. With the growing trade of medicinal and aromatic plants resources in the global market, the medicinal and aromatic plants business of Uttarakhand is also continuously growing in terms of trade volume, value and market reach. But, considering the ecological importance as well as unregulated exploitations of these resources, the growing business activities in this sector appear incompatible to the sustainability agenda. Through a mini review, this study assesses the medicinal and aromatic plants sector of Uttarakhand and identifies key challenges that seem incompatible for resource and business sustainability and offers some prospective research directions essential for identifying pragmatic solutions to support sustainability in the sector. This review identifies nine key challenges to sustainability in Uttarakhandʼs medicinal and aromatic plants sector. It is therefore pertinent that future research focus on the prevailing challenges of the medicinal and aromatic plants sector of Uttarakhand to develop strategies for sustainable business prospects. 相似文献
40.
漆酶是一种含铜的多酚氧化酶,可以降解多种有机污染物,其中包括多环芳烃。但是由于纯漆酶的价格昂贵,限制了在环境修复中的应用。采用液态和固态2种方式培养了食用菌Pleurotus ostreatus和Coprinus comatus,并考察了固态培养的粗酶液对多环芳烃的降解和去毒能力,结果发现2种真菌均可产漆酶,但不产木质素过氧化物酶和锰过氧化物酶,其中固态培养的漆酶产量高于液态培养,且C.comatus的漆酶产量大于P.ostreatus。2种真菌固态培养的粗酶液对多环芳烃均有一定的降解和去毒作用,且P.ostreatus粗酶液的漆酶活性虽然较低,但是对多环芳烃降解率和去毒效果却优于C.comatus,这可能是P.ostreatus的粗酶液中含有较多的调节物质造成的。P.ostreatus的固态发酵粗酶液对蒽、苯并[a]芘、苯并[a]蒽、苊等均有较高的降解率(50%以上),但是对生物有效性高的萘的降解率却较低,这种降解特征可能与底物的电离势大小有关。 相似文献