建设项目实施过程中的可行性研究与环境影响评价

作者根据多年的工作实践，分析了目前建设项目可行性研究与环境影响评价工作中存在的一些问题。提出了编写环境影响评价报告时如何有效地利用建设项目的可行性研究报告文本，以及在没有可行性研究报告的情况下怎样使环境影响评价报告能够准确地反映建设项目的环境问题，进而保证环境影响报告书的质量。总之，恰当处理这两者之间的关系，保证建设项目在建设期与运营期降低与防止建设项目对周边环境影响是本文的主要目的之一。     

环境影响评价有效性评估理论研究

结合系统工程理论，初步建立环境影响评价有效性评估的概念方法和理论体系，据此对我国环境影响评价有效性进行初步评估，并提出进一步提高我国环境影响评价有效性的对策及建议。     

使用VB.NET绘制大气污染物浓度分布等值曲线

大气污染物浓度分布等值曲线的绘制是大气环境影响预测的一项重要工作.采用优化的黑白域矩形网格序列法,结合VB.NET环境下Metafile对象提供的矢量图形绘制新技术,可在一次数据扫描过程中同时实现黑白域划分、黑域边界提取、等值点拟合计算及序列化、等值线绘制等操作,计算量小、效率高、代码量少,可绘制任意浓度等值线,且等值线不相切.     

战略环境评价及其应用初探

概述了战略环境价的概念、产生原因、研究现状及其工作程序，结合川南矿肥工程项目对它进行了应用初探，提出了计划、规划层次ＳＥＡ的方法和指标，并对我国环评工作提出了建议。     

大气环境影响评价的不确定性分析

就我国大气环境影响评价目前存在的问题进行了阐述，提出了应当正确引导和规范大气环境影响评价，发展“标准化”的计算方法和评价方法，使影响预测结果具有代表性的可比性。     

The application of life cycle assessment to design

This paper explores the practical application of life cycle assessment (LCA) to product system development. While life cycle assessment methods have been studied and demonstrated extensively over the last two decades, their application to product design and development has not been critically addressed. Many organizational and operational factors limit the integration of the three LCA components (inventory analysis, impact assessment and improvement assessment) with product development. Design of the product system can be considered a synthesis of individual decisions and choices made by the design team, which ultimately shape the system's environmental profile. The environmental goal of life cycle design is to minimize the aggregate environmental impacts associated with the product system. Appropriate environmental information must be supplied to decision makers throughout each stage of the development process to achieve this goal. LCA can serve as a source of this information, but informational requirements can vary as the design moves from its conceptual phase, where many design choices are possible, to its detailed design and implementation. Streamlined approaches and other tools, such as design checklists, are essential. The practical use of this tool in product development also depends on the nature and complexity of the product system (e.g. new vs. established), the product development cycle (time-to-market constraints), availability of technical and financial resources, and the design approach (integrated vs. serial). These factors will influence the role and scope of LCA in product development. Effective communication and evaluation of environmental information and the integration of this information with cost, performance, cultural and legal criteria will also be critical to the success of design initiatives based on the life cycle framework. An overview of several of these design initiatives will be presented.     

地理变异系数法和Fisher最优分割法在环境空气监测优化布点中的应用

在环境空气监测点位优化中,为反映优化后点位的整体代表性,需要在允许的测定误差内以最少的测点反映区域内较长时期的整体污染水平、污染分布状况和污染趋势.本文以博山城区为例,利用地理变异系数法和Fisher最优分割法对所布设点位进行数理统计.该方法使用简便,分级自然,避免了诸多人为因素的影响,同时,优选结果具有较强的整体代表性.     

广州地铁工程项目环境影响评价若干问题探讨

以广州地铁六号线环境影响评价为例，结合国内外开展地铁工程项目环境影响评价的经验，对地铁项目环境影响评价的指导思想、评价重点、工程污染再分析及环境影响预测与评价等若干问题进行了探讨，以期为国内地铁工程环境影响评价工作的开展提供一些参考。     

环境影响的经济评价方法与应用

简述了环境影响经济评价的程序。概述了环境影响货币化的3大类,共10种常用方法。运用人力资本法估算广州市大气污染引起的健康损害,损失达169 14亿元。     

Ni2+对2-氯酚厌氧降解系统的影响

针对重金属对难降解有毒有机物厌氧降解的影响问题,采用间歇试验法研究Ni2 对2-氯酚(2-CP)厌氧降解系统的影响规律.结果表明,当ρ(Ni2 )＜5 mg/L时,Ni2 对2-CP厌氧降解表现出轻度促进,当ρ(Ni2 )为5～500 mg/L,Ni2 以抑制作用为主,抑制作用随ρ(Ni2 )的增加而增强.Ni2 对原基质及关键中间产物苯酚和苯甲酸的抑制程度表现为:苯酚＞苯甲酸＞2-CP;ρ(Ni2 )低时的驯化能有效提高厌氧污泥对Ni2 毒性的耐受性能,300 mg/L Ni2 对2-CP降解的抑制从驯化前的65%降至驯化后的21%.Ni2 对2-CP厌氧降解的抑制作用与污泥中Ni的截留量之间存在正相关关系.抑制浓度CIP值和方程αC=[1-(I/I*)m]/[1 (I/I*)n)]能较好地表征厌氧生物处理过程受抑制程度.