生活污水处理厂转刷曝气机改造

天津港东突堤生活污水处理转刷曝气机，更新改造后，两个转刷曝气机在运行中多次出现转刷运行不平稳，震动加大的现象，经检查为尾端轴承损坏造成。我们对曝气转刷尾端轴承损坏的原因进行了研究和分析，找到了造成转刷尾端轴承频繁损坏的原因，通过认真的研究论证，制定了改造方案，成功的对转刷曝气机的转刷进行了技术改造。     

Altered responses to female odors in parasitized male mice: neuromodulatory mechanisms and relations to female choice

There is accumulating evidence that females may preferentially select parasite-free or -resistant males. Minimal attention has, however, been paid to the mate preferences and responses of the parasitized male hosts themselves. Here, we considered the effects of parasitic infection on male host mate responses, the neuromodulatory correlates of these responses, and the relations of these responses to female mate choice. Using an odor “preference” test, we examined the effects of different stages of an acute, sub-clinical infection with the naturally occurring, enteric, single host, protozoan parasite, Eimeria vermiformis, on the responses of male mice, Mus musculus domesticus, to the odors of estrous females along with the responses of uninfected females to the parasitized males. At 4 days post-infection (non-infective, pre-patent stage) E. vermiformis-infected male mice showed a significantly decreased preference for the odors of estrous females, whereas at 10 days post-infection (infective, patent stage) infected males showed a significantly increased preference for the odors of estrous females. Parasitized males displayed no significant changes in their responses to the odors of non-estrous females, supporting effects on the reproductively related responses of the host. In parallel, estrous females displayed a reduced interest in the odors of infected males. Least interest was expressed in the odors of the patent, infective males, consistent with the avoidance of contagion. Using selective opioid peptide receptor agonists and antagonists we found evidence that enhanced kappa opioid peptide (e.g., dynorphin) activity was related to the decreased sexual interest of the pre-infective males, while augmented delta opioid peptide (e.g., enkephalin) activity was associated with the enhanced responses of the infective males to females. We further showed that acute kappa opiate administration reduced the responses of uninfected males to females and that uninfected females displayed modified responses to the odors of uninfected males subject to acute modifications of opioid activity. We suggest that these differential shifts in endogenous opioid activity in the parasitized males are associated with and, or related to alterations in neuro-immune and endocrine functions. These findings show that parasitic infection can have, depending on the stage of infection and associated neuromodulatory changes, either significant facilitatory or inhibitory effects on male host preferences for and responses to females. Received: 22 April 1996 / Accepted after revision: 15 March 1997     

粘土改性条件的研究Ⅰ.膨润土的改性

考察了改性膨润土的致孔剂加入量、溴化十六烷基三甲胺 (CTMAB)加入量、CTMAB溶液浓度和吸附时间对CTMAB吸附量的影响 .测得加工后的膨润土对CTMAB的饱和吸附容量为 34 0 0± 30 0mg·1 0 0g- 1膨润土 .膨润土对CTMAB的吸附表现出Lang muir吸附特征 .6 0℃ ,当CTMAB的加入量为膨润土饱和吸附容量的 1 3— 1 5倍 ,CTMAB溶液浓度≥ 2mg·ml- 1,吸附时间超过 2 0h时 ,膨润土基本达到饱和吸附 .并考察了有机膨润土对于水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、邻二甲苯 (BTEX)的去除效果 .     

海栖热袍菌极耐高温木聚糖酶B的化学修饰和活性中心

分别用NBS、DTNB、Phenylgloxal、PMSF、WRK等对海栖热袍菌极耐高温木聚糖酶B进行化学修饰．结果表明，酶蛋白分子上的色氨酸和谷氨酸(或天冬氨酸)残基是维持酶活性的必需基团．半胱氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸及组氨酸残基均不处于酶活性中心．而修饰酶热稳定性测定结果是，羧基对稳定性起重要作用．通过测定修饰酶的假一级常数，得到一个色氨酸残基和一个谷氨酸(或天冬氨酸)残基为极耐高温木聚糖酶B所必需．在加入少量底物后，极耐高温木聚糖酶B的最大荧光发射峰从天然状态下的336am处红移至345am，且峰强度下降．这表明色氨酸残基位于酶蛋白表面．图7表2参18     

干污泥及其改性物对染料的吸附

以城市污水处理厂剩余活性污泥为原料，制取干污泥、热解污泥和改性污泥作为吸附剂，对直接深棕M和酸性媒介棕RH等染料进行了吸附试验研究。研究结果表明，干污泥及其改性物对染料的吸附能够用Lagergren二级动力学方程描述，该吸附遵循二级动力学规律。直接深棕M的吸附符合Freundlich型等温吸附，易于吸附在改性污泥和热解污泥上；酸性媒介棕RH的吸附既符合Freundlich方程，也可用Langmuir吸附等温方程描述。干污泥和热解污泥对两种染料的吸附过程中存在颗粒内扩散效应。在试验条件下，相对吸附量依改性污泥、热解污泥、干污泥的顺序减少，因此，活性污泥经过改性后能够提高对所研究的染料的吸附能力。     

细菌Rieske型非血红素铁加氧酶研究进展

细菌Rieske型非血红素铁加氧酶是催化芳香化合物好氧降解第一步反应的酶,能够激发好氧环境下大量芳香或取代芳香化合物的生物降解,同时还可作为有机化合物的合成子.这是一类新型且丰富的酶资源,在受污环境的生物修复方面有着巨大的潜力,并且符合“绿色化学”的要求.本文综述了该类酶的分类、晶体结构、作用机理及其基因改造等最新研究进展. 图4表1参17     

改性天然沸石去除水中氨氮的研究

分别采用NaCl、KCl和CaCl2对黑龙江省某市天然沸石进行改性，考察了pH值、氨氮初始浓度以及温度对改性沸石交换性能的影响，并对改性沸石的交换动力学进行了研究。结果表明，NaCl和KCl改性对沸石原矿交换容量有不同程度提高，而KCl改性后容量有所降低。pH、NH4初始浓度以及温度对交换性能有明显影响，pH6．0附近沸石交换容量最大；NH4初始浓度越高，反应速度越快，相同初始浓度下，钾型沸石交换速度较快，而沸石原矿交换速度最慢。采用Langmuir型离子交换等温线进行非线性回归的结果显示，低温有利于交换反应的进行。溶液中NH4^＋在改性沸石上的离子交换反应可采用Vermeulen模型描述，沸石原矿拟合相关系数较差。改性沸石多次再生后，其交换容量均有所降低。     

TiO2结构对光催化性能的影响及其提高的途径

文中介绍了TiO2的晶体结构与表面态性质对其光催化活性的影响,综述了近年来有关贵金属沉积、金属离子掺杂、表面光敏化、复合半导体、表面酸化和无机模板合成纳米粒子等改性技术的研究现状.还简单地介绍了电化学、微波场和超声波等外加场辅助光催化的进展.     

活性炭纤维在机动车尾气净化中的研究与应用展望

机动车尾气净化控制的一个难点在于冷启动阶段，此时由于温度较低，催化剂尚未完全起作用，导致排出的污染物浓度较高。阐述了活性炭纤维的基本特性，特别是其低温吸附与催化性能对NO和CO的转化作用，讨论了活性炭纤维作为机动车尾气净化材料所需的改性及方法，并展望了其应用前景。     

造纸制浆废液减水剂研究

针对不同原料、不同制浆蒸煮方法产生的四种废液 ,通过简短的工艺回收、改性制得以木质素磺酸盐为主要成分的复合型减水剂。对其减水等性能进行了研究。其结果表明 ,掺量 2‰～ 5‰时净浆流动度为 10 9～ 174毫米 ,掺量 2‰～ 3‰时砂浆减水率为 15 .3%～ 16 .7% ,砂浆 3天、7天减水抗压强度比均大于 115 %。