Preparation and Biodegradation of Starch/Polycaprolactone Films

Starch granules were modified with trisodium trimetaphosphate (TSTP) and characterized by P³¹-NMR, FTIR and DSC. Seventy-micron films were prepared from modified starch and polycaprolactone blends by solvent casting technique. Three different types of films—PCL (100% polycaprolactone), MOD-ST/PCL (50% modified starch and 50% polycaprolactone blend) and NONMOD-ST/PCL (50% nonmodified starch and 50% polycaprolactone blends)—were prepared, and their thermal, mechanical, and morphologic properties were investigated to show the increased performance of PCL with the addition of starch and also the effect of modification. It was observed that with the addition of starch the Young's modulus of polycaprolactone was increased and became less ductile, whereas tensile strength and elongation at break values decreased. Biodegradation of these films was inspected under different aerobic environments with the presence of Pseudomonas putida, activated sludge, and compost. It was observed that whereas P. putida had almost no effect on degradation during 90 days, with the presence of activated sludge, considerable deformation of films was observed even in the first 7 days of degradation. In a compost environment, degradation was even faster, and all polymer films were broken into pieces within first 7 days of degradation and no film remained after 15 days.     

二氧化钛纳米材料的合成及其在环保领域的应用研究进展

综述了近年来纳米TiO2光催化剂在制备方法、表面改性、光催化氧化机理及应用方面的研究进展，提出了半导体催化剂的研究发展的方向。     

韩国除尘技术在改造项目中的应用

随着环保法规的日益严格，国电邯郸热电厂9号、10号炉的电除尘器存在除尘效率不够、烟尘排放超标的现象，为此，电厂引进韩国先进的除尘技术，对9号、10号炉的电除尘器进行了技术改造，并取得预期的效果。     

Flocculants—an Ecofriendly Approach

Although water-soluble synthetic polymers find wide applications as flocculants, the potential problem associated with their use is lack of biodegradability and high cost. Polysaccharides owing to their distinctive features like ability to undergo different chemical reactions, biodegradability and sustainability inspire hope to obtain effective, economical viable and safe substitute of the synthetic flocculants. In this regard, chemical modification of Cassia tora and guar gum was carried out through different substitution and grafting reactions. The modified products were tested against kaolin under laboratory conditions vis-a-vis polyacrylamide based synthetic flocculant.     

TiO2改性柱撑膨润土吸附副品红的性能研究

以钠基膨润土为原料，制备了4种二氧化钛（TiO2）改性柱撑膨润土，并探讨了膨润土的改性方法、投土量、吸附时间、温度及pH值等因素对吸附副品红性能的影响。结果表明：4种TiO2改性柱撑膨润土对副品红的吸附效果明显好于原土；未经煅烧的TiO2改性柱撑膨润土的吸附效果要明显优于经高温煅烧过的柱撑膨润土；掺杂钇的TiO2改性柱撑膨润土的吸附性能略好于未经掺杂的柱撑膨润土；膨润土投土量、吸附时间、温度和pH值均会对柱撑膨润土的吸附效果产生影响；20℃时，4种柱撑膨润土对溶液中副品红的吸附等温线均符合Langrnuir吸附等温方程。     

活性炭纤维的改性及对Cu~(2+)吸附性能影响的研究

采用硝酸、磷酸、磷酸二氢铵和硝酸铜水溶液对聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维(PAN-ACF)进行浸渍改性,制备了4种改性活性炭纤维(ACF1-ACF4)。测定了改性活性炭纤维表面含氧酸性官能团、零电荷点、比表面积和孔容,评价了改性纤维对铜离子的吸附性能。结果表明改性后活性炭纤维表面含氧酸性官能团明显增加,其零电荷点相应降低,比表面积和微孔孔容增大。改性活性炭纤维对Cu2+的吸附容量显著提高,其中ACF2吸附性能最佳,其吸附容量从改性前的4.80 mg/g增加到17.32 mg/g,提高了3.6倍。     

改性桑枝粉对水中Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附及动力学

旨在为废弃桑枝的综合利用开辟新途径,以桑枝粉为原料,氢氧化钠为改性剂,对桑枝粉进行改性制备吸附剂,吸附去除水中Cu(Ⅱ).考察了改性桑枝粉用量、pH和吸附时间等因素对Cu(Ⅱ)的吸附去除率的影响,测定了吸附等温线,探讨了吸附性能,对等温吸附规律和吸附动力学进行了数学模拟.结果表明,改性桑枝粉用量、pH和吸附时间对Cu(...     

室内甲醛净化剂的研究

家庭装修会造戍室内环境污染,主要污染物是甲醛、笨等有机物,这些物质会对人体健康造成危害。本课题拟采用活性炭作吸附剂净化室内空气。寻求一种科学方法提高活性炭的吸附性能,以使净化过程更经济,操作简单,有利于推广使用。实验以甲醛为目标物质进行模拟研究,对比了粉末活性炭、颗粒活洼炭、竹炭对甲醛的吸附效果,研究了改性活性炭对甲醛的吸附性能。通过对活性炭进行改性处理,大大提高了活性炭的吸附性能,能够有效地吸附甲醛,且吸附性能都超过了市场上吸附性能良好的竹炭。     

微波改性高炉瓦斯泥吸附特性研究

以马鞍山钢铁公司高炉瓦斯泥为对象,采用微波改性方法对高炉瓦斯泥的粒度分布、微观形貌及化学变化进行表征分析,揭示了微波作用对瓦斯泥吸附特性的影响.结果表明,高炉瓦斯泥的主要组分为含铁烧结矿和焦炭颗粒,经微波改性的瓦斯泥颗粒,在形貌上显示出粗糙度增大,孔隙结构明显,比表面积增大和活性点增多的特征.通过对亚甲基蓝的吸附测试,...     

负载Cu改性活性炭吸附VOCs性能的研究

采用浸渍焙烧法对活性炭进行铜负载改性,并用于甲苯、乙酸乙酯及甲苯-乙酸乙酯二元混合气体的吸附。结果表明:醋酸铜负载量1.5%时活性炭吸附性能最好,对于单组分气体吸附,改性活性炭对甲苯和乙酸乙酯的吸附量较未改性前分别提高了29.7%和21.3%,穿透时间分别延迟了19.3%、18.6%;对于二元混合气体吸附,改性后活性炭较未改性活性炭对甲苯和乙酸乙酯的吸附量分别提高了19.4%和33.0%。采用BET、SEM、FTIR、XRD等分析表明,铜负载改性后的活性炭比表面积变大、总孔容变大,且铜与VOC的络合作用是改性后吸附量提高的主要原因。