贵溪冷水坑银矿田银元素富集规律研究

贵溪冷水坑银矿田具超大型规模,矿化型式多样,主要有产于花岗斑岩体内及接触带附近的斑岩型矿化和产于上侏罗统打鼓顶组火山岩中层控叠改型矿化二大类。它们各自拥有不同的空间展布、矿物组成、结构构造、围岩蚀变和伴生元素特征。深入探讨银元素的空间分布特征,可以开拓矿田深部及外围找矿的思路。     

再生骨料及再生混凝土的改性研究

全面综述了再生骨料和再生混凝土改性的试验方法、试验条件和改性效果。     

可见光响应漂浮式微球光催化剂及其光降解模拟海水中苯酚

为了将光催化技术应用于有机物污染海水的治理,本文首先利用水热还原得到了具有可见光响应的还原商用P25光催化剂,而后将还原后的P25作为活性组分负载在透明的有机玻璃空心微球表面,制成漂浮式微球光催化剂.还原后的P25的表征结果表明,水热条件下金属还原作用会将P25中少量Ti~(4+)还原成Ti~(3+),同时催化剂表面还形成了无序化-内部结晶的核壳结构.这两种结构变化都会显著拓展还原P25催化剂的可见光响应.含苯酚模拟污染海水的光降解实验发现,降解低浓度苯酚时,漂浮型微球光催化剂显示了优异的降解效率,降解5 h的去除率达到了95%以上.由于还原P25光催化剂的稳定性并且漂浮式微球光催化剂能简易回收,在多次重复实验中微球光催化剂都可以保持较高的催化活性.     

水杨酸和5-磺基—水杨酸表面修饰纳米TiO2吸附去除对硝基苯酚

利用化学吸附法合成了水杨酸和5-磺基-水杨酸表面修饰的TiO2纳米粒子．对表面修饰前后的TiO2纳米粒子，采用红外光谱法、固体紫外-可见漫反射电子光谱法比较其官能团和吸光性能的变化．研究发现，经水杨酸和5-磺基-水杨酸改性后的TiO2分别呈浅黄色、土黄色，吸收带边发生了明显的红移，吸收边起始点分别延伸至420nm和450nm处，出现-COOTi-和芳香羧酸酯的特征吸收峰；这说明TiO2表面羟基与水杨酸或5-磺基-水杨酸间发生类似酸和醇之闻的酯化反应，分别形成的稳定六元环化合物；在最佳吸附pH值4．0和吸附平衡时闻100min的条件下，水杨酸和5碱基-水杨酸表面修饰的TiO2纳米粒子对硝基苯酚的吸附率可由改性前的43％分别提高至89％和94％，突破了TiO2吸附去除芳香族污染物的瓶颈——在吸附剂表面的低覆盖率；同时表层链接苯环的极性减弱，非极性增强，并在水、苯和乙醇中具有良好的分散性．     

活化粉煤灰填充聚氯乙烯板材的研究

用不同的活化粉煤灰代替活性碳酸钙作聚氯乙烯板材中的填料 ,制取试样并测试其性能。结果表明 ,选用好的改性剂 ,采用合适的活化方法时 ,得到的活化粉煤灰应用于聚氯乙烯板材中 ,其各项指标均符合标准规定 ,特别是在酸碱介质中表现出很好的耐腐蚀特性     

废聚乙烯的综合利用

废聚乙烯的回收利用是近年来环境污染控制的一个重要课题。作为废旧塑料的主要组成成份的废聚乙烯，人们已对其回收利用展开了大量的研究，并取得了很大的进步。从三大方面讨论了废聚乙烯的综合利用问题，同时，讨论了很多最新技术，并对每一方法的优缺点作出分析，对其应用前景作出了预测。     

Enzymatic preparation of hydrophobic biomass with one-pot synthesis and the oil removal performance

Oil pollution is causing deleterious damage to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The utilization of agricultural waste such as corn stalk (CS) to produce biosorbents has been considered an ecofriendly and efficient approach for removing oil. However, most previous studies focused on the modification of the whole CS, which is inefficient due to the heterogeneity of CS. In this study, corn stalk pith (CP), which has excellent amphipathic characteristics, was selected to prepare a high-efficienc...     

表面化学改性活性炭对有机物吸附的研究进展

综述了国内外学者对氧化改性和还原改性活性炭吸附有机物的研究进展。氧化改性和还原改性活性炭的比表面积、表面官能团和表面pHpzc都发生了变化,因此对液态和气态有机物的吸附发生变化。吸附机理主要是通过改变三种力的作用形式和大小,即扩散力、供-受电子机制和静电作用。氧化改性活性炭不利于吸附水溶液中的有机物,还原改性活性炭有利于吸附水溶液中的有机物,氧化改性和还原改性活性炭都有利于吸附气态中极性有机物。     

Microtopographic modification conserves urban wetland water quality by increasing the dissolved oxygen in the wet season

Microtopography affects hydrological processes and forms different microhabitats. Our previous study uncovered that riparian zone microtopography created various microhabitats with different soil environments and runoff-infiltration patterns. However, how riparian microtopography and microtopography within the water area (waterfall and tributary) affects downstream water quality remains unclear. Therefore, water samples were taken almost monthly in both the main stream and the tributary, before and after waterfalls, and near the bottom of three microtopographic types from June 2016 to March 2017. Compared with the dry season, the fact that water quality worsened in the wet season and that there were positive correlations for nitrate (NO₃^?) between water and the corresponding soil samples suggested that the riparian-soil environment affected the adjacent water quality mainly in the wet season. Nevertheless, riparian microtopography did not influence water quality downstream because of the low rainfall frequency and the weak leaching process due to plant interception. In the wet season, both the tributary and the waterfall increased the dissolved oxygen in the water body and, therefore, lowered the risk of eutrophication. The tributary has two pathways for improving the water quality, by increased disturbance and flow velocity, while the waterfall only has the former. However, such effects were not significant in the dry season. We conclude that the application of microtopographic modification is useful in maintaining urban wetland water quality in wet seasons.     

聚离子液体刷接枝改性PVDF膜及其对药物硫酸氢氯吡咯雷分离性能研究

以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜为底膜,通过浸渍法使多巴胺(DOPA)在膜表面形成聚多巴胺(PDOPA)层,然后由化学反应固定溴代卤化物,并通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)反应在膜表面接枝聚离子液体刷(PBIVm-Br),以制备聚离子液体刷改性PVDF膜,即PVDF-g-PBIVm-Br膜.结果表明,改性PVDF膜的接触角下降至60°以下且显示出良好的荷正电性.改性膜的药物通量和截留率均大于未改性PVDF膜,分离10 mg·L~(-1)的硫酸氢氯吡咯雷时,改性膜(M4)的药物通量可达27.62 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),截留率为89.03%,通量恢复率为95.32%.经过60 h分离实验后,膜M4对硫酸氢氯吡咯雷溶液的分离通量维持在18.05 L·m~(-2)·h~(-1),截留率从89.03%上升到92.19%.以上结果表明,聚离子液体刷改性膜在荷正电有机污染物的分离方面具有一定的应用前景.