浅析昆明市机动车尾气污染和防治对策

分析了昆明市当前机动车尾气污染对城市空气质量的影响，针对昆明市机动车尾气污染状况及现行的防治措施，提出了机动车检测维修（I／M）制度的建立及其检测方法和方式的改进。     

Characterisation of Organic Matter and Carbon Cycling in Rehabilitated Lignite-rich Mine Soils

Open-cast lignite mining in the Lusatian mining district resulted in rehabilitated mine soils containing up to four organic matter types: (1) recent plant litter, (2) lignite deposited by mining activity, (3) carbonaceous ash particles deposited during amelioration of the lignite-containing parent substrate and (4) airborne carbonaceous particles deposited during contamination. The influence of lignite-derived carbon types on the organic matter development and their role in the soil carbon cycle was unknown. This paper presents the findings obtained during a six year project concerning the impact of lignite on soil organic matter composition and the biogeochemical functioning of the ecosystem. The organic matter development after rehabilitation was followed in a chronosequence of rehabilitated mine soils afforested in 1966, 1981 and 1987. A differentiation of the organic matter types and an evaluation of their role within the ecosystem was achieved by the use of ¹⁴C activity measurements, ¹³C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy and wet chemical analysis of plant litter compounds. The results showed that the amount and degree of decomposition of the recent organic matter derived from plant material of the 30 year old mine soil was similar to natural uncontaminated forest soil which suggests complete rehabilitation of the ecosystem. The decomposition and humification processes were not influenced by the presence of lignite. On the other hand it was shown that lignite, which was thought to be recalcitrant because of its chemical structure, was part of the carbon cycle in these soils. This demonstrates the need to elucidate further the stabilisation mechanisms of organic matter in soils.     

显微构造分析法和包裹体方法在断层研究中的应用

在工程建设中，工地及邻近地区的断层活动性是工程设计的一项重要依据。在总结以往研究的基础上，介绍了显微构造分析法和包裹体方法在断层活动性评价中的国内外最新研究成果。事实表明，这两种方法在工程地质领域具有良好的应用前景。     

1995年世界重要地震灾情及地震活动特征

1995年全世界发生197次6级以上地震，其中有30次7级以上的地震（最大震级8．1级）。具有灾害性的地震为33次，伤亡20人以上的，国内及边界地区为4次，国外有15次，其中有2次灾难性的大地震。该年地震与1994年相比呈明显增强趋势，为本世纪以来第三个强震最多之年。1995年世界地震灾害的主要特点为地震袭击现代化大城市，造成惨重的人员伤亡，惊人的财产损失数额。     

高活性萘降解细菌Hydrogenophaga Palleronii LHJ38的研究

为了研究微生物对多环芳烃的降解和转化规律,以萘作为研究对象,从餐厨油烟污染土壤中筛选到一株萘降解活性较高的细菌菌株,经菌种鉴定,定名为帕氏氢噬胞菌(H ydrogenophaga Palleronii)LH J38。测定了该菌的生长曲线和萘降解曲线,建立了菌株对萘的降解活性的定量测定方法,并研究了其最适生长条件。结果表明,在28℃、初始pH6.6、碳氮摩尔比为4的最适培养条件下,LH J38对初始质量浓度为2 000m g/L的萘在96h内的降解率可达98%以上;处于对数生长期的LH J38对萘的降解活性可达47.3nm o l/(m g.m in)。     

英语课堂内的口语教学

如何进行英语口语的教学已成为教学界一个非常重要的问题。当前口语教学面临着诸多困难和问题。论文中提及了与口语教学有关的教学法一交际教学法，两个影响口语教学的重要因素，即教与学之间的互动作用和课堂气氛对口语教学的影响。     

菝葜水煎液抗炎活性的实验研究

目的：探讨菝葜水煎液的抗炎活性。方法：利用巴豆油合剂致小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸致小鼠胸膜炎和皮下植入棉球致小鼠生长肉芽等3个实验模型研究菝葜水煎液的抗炎活性。结果：菝葜水煎液对巴豆油合剂引起的小鼠耳肿胀具有显著的抑制作用，而对醋酸引起的小鼠胸膜炎和皮下棉球引起的小鼠肉芽肿则仅有一定的抑制作用。结论：菝葜水煎液具有一定的抗炎活性。     

陕西泾阳4.8级地震前后重力变化与断裂活动

本文对泾阳Ms4．8级地震前后陕西关中地区流动重力观测资料和有关断裂垂直形变资料进行了分析研究。结果表明：①波速比高值区很可能存在地下深部地幔物质的入侵，由此引发地震和重力场的显著下降；②用震源机制解和GPS所作的运动矢量图可以较好地解释泾阳地震前后重力场时空演化特征及有关断裂活动——其变化是北西向剪切应力带作用的结果．     

高速电机驱动的空气循环制冷技术研究

空气循环制冷技术是一种常用的制冷技术 ,广泛应用在地面设备空调通风和飞机环境控制系统等诸多领域 ,保障人员的舒适和设备的安全。高速电机驱动的空气循环制冷技术是高速电机驱动技术与空气循环制冷技术结合产生的新型技术构想 ,采用该技术的空气循环系统具有结构简单、节约能源等优点。通过介绍该技术方案的工作原理 ,分析了高速电机驱动技术在空气循环制冷系统中应用的可能性及其实现手段。研究表明 ,高速电机驱动技术将为空气循环制冷技术的发展带来较大的影响     

Improving Operational Planning and Management of National Parks in Turkey: A Case Study

The purpose this study was to improve operational planning and management of national parks in Turkey to balance conservation use and sustainable management. Souksu National Park (SNP) was chosen as the study area. The data were obtained from interviews of 182 visitor groups (in total, 819 people) and analyzed using correlation, factor, discriminant, and regression analyses. It was found that the most important factors affecting operational planning and management of SNP are (1) travel cost, (2) visitor welfare level, (3) intensity of use, (4) size of visitor group, (5) type of recreational demand. The main source of visitors to SNP is from a zone within a 0–90-km radius. This region comprised 53.85% of total visitors to the park. The capital of Turkey (Ankara) is the most important source of visitors from within this zone. The optimum activity mix in SNP is also determined. Picnicking, viewing the scenery, and nature walks or trekking comprised the main uses of the park. It is anticipated that these findings will help to improve operational planning and sustainable management of the national park and the environment.