植物收割频率对水生植物滤床深度处理养猪废水的影响

采用水生植物滤床系统深度处理养猪废水,开展了不同收割频率条件下系统对污水净化效果的对比研究。实验结果表明,当水力负荷为5 cm/d时,植物收割频率的增加会降低系统对TN和TP的去除效果,而对COD的去除效果则无明显影响。当不进行植物收割时,系统对养猪废水的净化效果最好,对COD、TN和TP的平均去除率分别为71.26%、34.32%和29.52%。因此,合适的植物收割频率是强化APFB系统处理效果的关键因素。     

Environmental Services Provided from Riparian Forests in the Nordic Countries

Riparian forests (RF) growing along streams, rivers and lakes comprise more than 2% of the forest area in the Nordic countries (considering a 10 m wide zone from the water body). They have special ecological functions in the landscape. They receive water and nutrients from the upslope areas, are important habitats for biodiversity, have large soil carbon stores, but may emit more greenhouse gases (GHG) than the uplands. In this article, we present a review of the environmental services related to water protection, terrestrial biodiversity, carbon storage and greenhouse gas dynamics provided by RF in the Nordic countries. We discuss the benefits and trade-offs when leaving the RF as a buffer against the impacts from upland forest management, in particular the impacts of clear cutting. Forest buffers are effective in protecting water quality and aquatic life, and have positive effects on terrestrial biodiversity, particularly when broader than 40 m, whereas the effect on the greenhouse gas exchange is unclear.     

谈木材生产伐区现场安全管理

本文论述了当前国有林场、采育场木材生产伐区现场安全管理的现状和特点,提出了伐区现场安全管理的内容与措施。     

旅游资源多维价值的生态探悉

旅游资源的经济价值已得到广泛、深入的认识和挖掘，为旅游资源价值评价及其开发保护提供了借鉴。从生态角度探讨了旅游资源所具有的生产价值、服务价值、协调价值、承载价值、信息价值，对旅游资源自身的多维价值展开了相应分析，力图使旅游资源价值得到全面揭示和拓展。     

倾斜采空场的空场处理机理分析

在变荷载的条件下 ,推导了倾斜采空场的空场处理前、后正应力的分布。求解了切槽放顶的最佳位置。结果表明 ,倾角为 4 0°,标高为 971.5 m是切槽放顶的最佳位置。松散体接顶后 ,下部水平荷载降低 ,钢砼隔离墙较深部水平承受压力增加 ,顶板应力向三维状态变化 ,有利于安全采矿     

孔内外微差爆破技术在路堑开挖中的应用

介绍了孔内外微差爆破技术在路堑开挖中的应用。实践证明 ,这种爆破技术可控制爆破振动和飞石 ,提高爆破效率     

Monitoring and targeting the sanitation poor: A multidimensional approach

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) are at the core of sustainable development. As we embark on a new round of global goals, namely the Sustainable Development Goals, a top priority is to address a coherent framework for monitoring these services. In the coming years, the sector will witness the development of a variety of multidimensional monitoring measures, albeit from different perspectives. This paper reviews the relevant literature and discusses the adequacy and applicability of one approach that is increasingly adopted for multidimensional poverty measurement at the household level, the Alkire‐Foster methodology. Drawing on this method, we identify and combine a set of direct household‐related water and sanitation deprivations that batter a person at the same time. This new multidimensional measure is useful for gaining a better understanding of the context in which WaSH services are delivered. It captures both the incidence and intensity of WaSH poverty, and provides a new tool to support monitoring and reporting. For illustrative purposes, one small town in Mozambique is selected as the initial case study.     

AFM probe based nano mechanical scribing of soda-lime glass

In recent years, demands for miniature components have increased due to their reduced size, weight and energy consumption. In particular, brittle materials such as glass can provide high stiffness, hardness, corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength for various biomedical and high-temperature applications. In this study, cutting properties and the effects of machining parameters on the ductile cutting of soda-lime glass are investigated through the nano-scale scratching process. In order to understand the fundamentals of the material removal mechanism at the atomic scale, such as machined surface quality, cutting forces and the apparent friction, theoretical investigation along with experimental study are needed. Scribing tests have been performed using a single crystal diamond atomic force microscope (AFM) probe as the scratching tool, in order to find the cutting mechanism of soda-lime glass in the nano-scale. The extended lateral force calibration method is proposed to acquire accurate lateral forces. The experimental thrust and cutting forces are obtained and apparent friction coefficients are deduced. The effects of feed rates and the ploughing to shearing transition of soda-lime glass have been investigated.     

基于NMDS和RDA方法分析贵州百花水库后生浮游动物群落结构动态

为探究百花水库后生浮游动物群落结构特征,于2014年8月-2015年4月采用NMDS（非度量多维尺度分析）和RDA（冗余分析）方法,分析了水库后生浮游动物组成、季节演替规律及其群落与环境因子的相关性.结果表明:①百花水库共监测到后生浮游动物41种.其中,轮虫类28种,枝角类8种,桡足类5种;优势种为曲腿龟甲轮虫（Keratella valga）、螺形龟甲轮虫（Keratella cochlearis）、角突臂尾轮虫（Brachionus angularis）、圆筒异尾轮虫（Trichocerca cylindrica）、红多肢轮虫（Polyarthra remata）、中剑水蚤（Mesocyclops）、长额象鼻溞（Bosmina longirostris）.②NMDS结果显示,后生浮游动物群落结构呈明显的季节性差异.将群落结构演替划分为3个类群,即Ⅰ组（夏季、秋季组,以螺形龟甲轮虫、圆筒异尾轮虫等为优势种,共计8种）、Ⅱ组（冬季组,以螺形龟甲轮虫、长额象鼻溞等为优势种,共计7种）、Ⅲ组（春季组,以沟痕泡轮虫和红多肢轮虫等为优势种,共计7种）.③RDA结果表明,百花水库后生浮游动物群落结构变化受水环境因子影响较为明显,整体上WT（水温）、pH、ρ（TP）和ρ（NO₃--N）是影响百花水库后生浮游动物群落结构变化的主要因素.研究显示,根据后生浮游动物优势种及现存量（丰度、生物量）大小,可以判定百花水库后生浮游动物群落结构具有明显的季节性差异.      

浅谈尾矿坝削坡

尾矿库的安全稳定在矿山安全生产和环境保护中具有十分重要的意义,而尾矿坝的不利因素是导致安全事故的原因之一。通过对尾矿坝的分析,探讨了尾矿坝坡度对坝体稳定性的影响。结合相关案例,指出了存在的安全问题并提出了解决方案。