盐度水平对不同盐渍化程度土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响

选取内蒙古河套灌区3种不同盐渍化程度土壤(盐土、重度盐渍化土壤和轻度盐渍化土壤),采用室内培养方法,用不同浓度KCl溶液调节不同盐渍化程度土壤盐含量分别为原土壤盐含量(对照)的2倍和3倍,研究盐分对不同盐渍化程度土壤氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放的影响.结果表明,盐分含量显著影响不同盐渍化程度土壤N_2O排放.无外源盐分加入时,不同盐碱程度土壤中盐土N_2O排放量最高,重度盐渍化土壤次之,轻度盐渍化土壤最低.外源盐加入后,随盐度梯度升高,与其对照相比,盐土N_2O排放量降低;重度盐渍化土壤N_2O排放量呈现先增加后降低趋势;轻度盐渍化土壤N_2O排放量升高.与其对照相比,土壤的盐分含量增加2倍时,盐土N_2O排放量减少90%;轻度盐渍化土壤N_2O排放量增加9倍.外源盐加入不同盐渍化程度土壤对N_2O排放的影响程度取决于土壤培养前后铵态氮含量差值,加入外源盐后,N_2O累积排放变化量的94.6%由土壤NH_4~+-N含量差值解释(R2=0.95,p0.01).     

土壤物理质量指标研究进展及在矿区环境中的应用展望

对土壤物理质量指标在国内外的研究进展进行了系统总结,在矿区环境中的应用进行了展望,构建了矿区环境土壤物理质量指标体系。常规指标的研究集中于耕作或人为干扰对指标影响的定量研究及物理、化学和生物学指标的相互影响。国外提出并应用了许多非常规指标来对土壤物理质量进行评价,结合常规指标,可以对自然或人为扰动情况下,土壤损伤及退化问题进行深入研究。采煤沉陷对土壤物理质量的影响是一个系统和复杂的过程,我国矿区土壤环境的研究,应该基于不同的研究目的,选择正确的常规和非常规指标来对矿区土壤物理质量进行系统的评价、表征及定量化。构建的矿区环境土壤物理质量指标体系,具有一定的参考和应用价值。     

SO2/SO3对选择性催化还原烟气脱硝的影响研究

研究表明，燃料燃烧过程中不同的SO2/SO3转化率对选择性催化还原（ Selective Catalytic Reduction，SCR）烟气脱硝的最低运行温度影响大，温度变化幅度为10~15℃。对燃烧高硫煤锅炉的SCR烟气脱硝，应控制更低的SO2/SO3转化率；对燃烧低硫煤锅炉的SCR烟气脱硝，通过适当提高SO2/SO3转化率，最大催化剂用量可减少一半、烟气阻力降低一半，可大幅降低SCR烟气脱硝建设成本和运行成本。     

Evaluation of RothC model using four Long Term Fertilizer Experiments in black soils, India

Carbon content in soils changes depending on the land use system, type of management practice and time. There is an increasing concern about the soil quality vis-à-vis organic carbon content in soils due to global warming and enhanced CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere. This has led to estimate carbon stock in soils at global and regional levels. The objective of the present study was to evaluate RothC model to estimate total organic carbon (TOC) changes under four long term fertilizer experimental sites representing sub-humid moist (Sarol and Nabibagh), sub-humid dry (Panjri) and semi-arid (Teligi) climate in India. The plant carbon input rate was calibrated using organic carbon and other soil parameters using RothC. The results showed that RothC could simulate changes in TOC in two contrasting eco-sites for surface soil layers. The root mean square error (RMSE) considered as modelling error ranged from 11.50 to 15.01, 4.70 to 11.60, 2.14 to 6.52 and 1.45 to 13.74 in the surface layers of Sarol, Nabibagh, Panjri, and Teligi sites, respectively. The simulation biases expressed by M (relative error) by Student‘t’ value for all the treatments at these sites were non-significant with two exceptions. Observed trends in TOC consist of an increase for all the four treatments in the sub-humid site of Sarol and Nabibagh; while manures alone or in combination increase TOC appreciably in Teligi and Panjri. TOC remained, however, almost similar over years for the control (no fertilizer or manure) and NPK treatments in all the four sites. Analysis of RothC output data showed that this model could be used as a tool to arrive at different threshold values of rainfall to influence decomposition rate modifier and thus to find out rate of organic carbon sequestration in various bioclimatic systems.     

在添加醋酸钾的营养富集培养基中培养杂交瘤细胞(英)

营养富集、添加醋酸钾和灌注培养都是改善杂交瘤细胞培养的策略在Cp9B细胞的静止分批培养中，添加氨基酸和维生素延长了培养时间，但对最大细胞密度影响不大，在反应器分批培养中，营养物明显促进细胞增殖，最大细胞密度比原来提高35倍．利用添加1g／L醋酸钾的反应器灌注培养实验说明，从普通培养基转到营养富集培养基，反应器中的平均细胞密度、抗体浓度和抗体滴度得到了进一步的提高，在培养上清中，乳酸、氨和丙氨酸大量积累，葡萄糖和某些氨基酸大量消耗，以致于可能造成对细胞生长和代谢的抑制。     

The composition,heating value and renewable share of the energy content of mixed municipal solid waste in Finland

For the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from waste incineration it is essential to know the share of the renewable energy content of the combusted waste. The composition and heating value information is generally available, but the renewable energy share or heating values of different fractions of waste have rarely been determined.In this study, data from Finnish studies concerning the composition and energy content of mixed MSW were collected, new experimental data on the compositions, heating values and renewable share of energy were presented and the results were compared to the estimations concluded from earlier international studies. In the town of Lappeenranta in south-eastern Finland, the share of renewable energy ranged between 25% and 34% in the energy content tests implemented for two sample trucks. The heating values of the waste and fractions of plastic waste were high in the samples compared to the earlier studies in Finland. These high values were caused by good source separation and led to a low share of renewable energy content in the waste. The results showed that in mixed municipal solid waste the renewable share of the energy content can be significantly lower than the general assumptions (50–60%) when the source separation of organic waste, paper and cardboard is carried out successfully. The number of samples was however small for making extensive conclusions on the results concerning the heating values and renewable share of energy and additional research is needed for this purpose.     

燃煤电厂劳动安全卫生预评价探讨

通过对某大型燃煤电厂劳动安全卫生预评价的总结,对正处于起步阶段的电力建设项目劳动安全卫生预评价的程序、特点、内容、深度、方法及需要注意的总是进行论述,试图提高燃煤电厂劳动安全卫生预评价的质量。     

环境及营养条件对稀脉浮萍和紫背浮萍氮磷含量的影响

以稀脉浮萍和紫背浮萍为对象,对在不同光照、温度和培养液氮磷浓度等条件下生长的生物量氮和磷含量的系统分析,研究了环境营养条件对氮和磷含量的影响.结果表明紫背浮萍和稀脉浮萍氮含量主要受培养液中氮浓度和温度的影响,低氮浓度和低温均可导致氮含量降低,氮浓度超过3mg·L^-1,温度高于25℃时氮含量基本保持稳定;光照强度变化对这2种浮萍的氮含量基本没有影响.紫背浮萍和稀脉浮萍磷含量会受培养液中磷浓度、温度和光照的影响.低温和低光照可导致磷含量降低,温度超过25℃,光照高于8000lx时2种浮萍磷含量则基本保持稳定;这2种浮萍的磷含量均随培养液中磷浓度增加而增加直至达到饱和,它们之间的关系可以用Monod方程来描述,其中紫背浮萍饱和磷含量高于稀脉浮萍.     

废旧电路板的组成与解离特性研究

废旧印刷电路板是电子废弃物的重要组成部分,含有大量金属、玻璃纤维增强树脂、塑料等有回收利用价值的组分,但处理不当会产生严重污染。在分析中,对细碎到粒度为5mm以下的废旧电路板物料中有价资源的赋存状态和解离特性进行了系统的研究,发现金属与非金属的基本解离粒度为1 2mm,解离度为55. 51%;塑料与其他金属(除铜、铁外)是0. 5mm以上废旧电路板物料中的主要组分,树脂与铜是0 .5mm以下物料中的主要组分;物料中平均金属含量为23. 80%,平均铜含量为5. 78%。     

企业安全教育培训工作初探

针对企业安全教育培训工作的现状 ,就如何开展好企业的安全教育培训工作和安全教育培训的对象、内容、形式、方法及效果进行了探讨。