中国碳排放强度与产业结构的关联分析

产业结构调整与低碳经济发展相互联系,内在统一,从产业结构角度探讨碳排放强度问题,有利于正确判断和把握影响碳排放量变化的产业因素,有效制定控制碳排放的产业发展政策。本文在对我国碳排放总量变化趋势进行分析的基础上,选用2001-2008年全国及28个主要省域的碳排放总量、三次产业比重、单位GDP碳排放量数据,运用灰色关联分析方法,研究了我国碳排放强度与第一产业、第二产业和第三产业之间的关联性,得到以下结论:第二产业是影响地区碳排放强度的主要因素,全国有16个地区二次产业与碳排放强度关联度最大,但第二产业并不是影响地区碳排放量增大的绝对因素;第三产业对地区碳排放强度的降低效应并不明显,全国有11个地区第三产业对碳排放量的影响超过第二产业的影响,需要引起重视;第一产业对碳排放强度的影响最小,全国只有4个地区第一产业对碳排放强度的影响不是最小。在此基础上,探讨了未来我国产业结构调整的碳减排策略,以期能有效控制产业发展对我国碳排放强度的影响。     

矿山工业企业绿色经济评价指标体系研究

绿色经济是一种既注重生产经济发展,又注重资源、能源节约利用和生态环境可持续发展的经济。我国矿山企业传统经济评价往往忽视或过度简化了环境保护、资源合理利用、节能指标的量化经济评价,亟待改进。以“费用一收益”经济分析思想为基础,从生产经济、环境保护、资源合理利用和节能降耗四个方面综合构建了矿山工业企业绿色经济评价指标体系,并提出了应用指标体系评价时应注意的问题。     

上海市港城经济联动发展研究——基于建设现代化港口城市的背景

上海市要建成现代化港口城市,必须具备发达的港口经济与和谐的港城关系。从实现上海市港城经济联动发展的目的出发,将港城经济系统划分为城市经济子系统和港口经济子系统,选取具有代表性的指标,对2001—2010年间的数据进行灰色关联度分析。结果表明,保险业、信息业对港口经济的联动性较强,城市基础设施、集疏运体系和金融业对港口经济的支撑不足,且港口经济的外贸依存度不高,因此上海市需加快基础设施、金融业和现代物流业的配套建设。     

国内外低碳城市建设探讨与对策研究

低碳技术对经济社会变革的推动作用日益显著,建设低碳城市不仅可缓解当前全球气候变化问题,还可提高城市的竞争力。总结了英国、日本、丹麦、美国等国家在低碳城市建设方面的特点,分析了我国低碳城市建设的现状以及面临的主要挑战,针对我国的低碳城市建设提出了建议。     

Socioeconomic Driving Factors of Nitrogen Load from Food Consumption and Preventive Measures

To diagnose environmental nitrogen (N) load from food consumption and to suggest preventive measures, this study identified relationships between nitrogen load from food consumption and driving factors by examining six representative countries and regions for the period 1970–2009 as an example. The logarithmic mean Divisia index technique was used to disassemble nitrogen load growth into four driving factors: population, economic activity, food intensity of the economy, and nitrogen content of food. In all study areas, increased economic activity was the main factor driving nitrogen load increase. The positive effect of population growth was relatively small but not negligible and changes in food intensity had a decreasing effect on nitrogen load. Changes in nitrogen content of food varied between areas. Broad strategies to reduce and mitigate nitrogen loading and decouple nitrogen load from economic growth in both developed and developing countries are suggested.     

Tsunami Survey Expedition: Preliminary Investigation of Maldivian Coral Reefs Two Weeks After the Event

On December 26th 2004, a earthquake west of Sumatra generated a devastating tsunami. Hundreds of thousands of people fell victim. Economic losses were greatest in those countries dependant on tourism. The impact in the Maldives on persons and things was modest. Immediately following the event and notwithstanding the lack of scientific data, the mass media gave catastrophic reports on the state of coral reefs in the area. This paper reports on the first survey on coral reefs in the Maldives after the Tsunami. Ocean walls, passes, inner reefs, and shoals in the North and South Malé atolls, were surveyed two weeks after the event. Significant damage was recorded in the passes in the South Malé atoll. Our observations showed that the damage was more or less extensive depending on latitude and topography. Sri Lanka may have broken the wave’s rush, reducing the extent of the impact on northern atolls. The water’s acceleration inside the passes was so intense as to cause reef collapses. The observed damage represents a minimum fraction of the entire coral reef system. Tourist perception of the area seems unchanged. These data may be used to disseminate correct information about the state of Maldives coral reefs, which would be useful in relaunching local economy.     

城市土地集约利用潜力的分类与分阶

研究城市土地集约利用潜力的类别与阶次细分,为城市土地集约利用挖潜的具体步骤提供宏观导向。研究结果表明,按照潜力的属性,应将城市土地集约利用潜力分为面积潜力、经济潜力;在时间尺度上,按挖潜程度的难易,城市土地集约利用潜力可分为一阶、二阶、三阶、四阶。城市土地集约利用潜力评价应将潜力测算的结果进行分类分阶,这样才能使城市土地集约挖潜工作落到实处,可操作性更强。     

国外电子垃圾治理经验及启示

随着经济的发展,环境问题越来越突出,尤其是电子垃圾问题,已经引起了全社会的广泛关注.本文介绍了德,日、美及欧盟部分发达国家在治理电子垃圾方面所采取的措施及经验.借鉴国外的经验,对我国在电子垃圾治理过程中推行循环经济的理论和实践模式具有重要的现实意义和启示.     

On Disaster Economy Study

1The Meaning and Role of Disaster Economy StudyDisasters have caused tremendous economic losses in the world and become an important factorrestricting the sustainable developmentof national economies.According to statistics,the annualdisaster-hit population of the world totals 2 5 0 milion～ 30 0 million,with 1 0 0 0 0～ 1 0 0 0 0 0 peoplekilled,and the direct economic loss amounts to billions of US dollars.For instances,thedisaster-caused economic losses in 1 994and 1 995 amounted to 6 5 b…     

蓬莱市发展低碳经济和循环经济的启示

介绍了山东省蓬莱市发展低碳经济和循环经济的具体情况,总结了蓬莱市发展"两种经济模式",引领全市经济健康持续发展的几点启示。