论生活社区污染物的就地分散处理

我国目前的生活社区污染物治理方式主要是收集后集中处理,这种处理方式存在若干问题,如会影响集中处理场所和转运沿线周边社区的环境质量、不利于处理产物的资源化利用、收集系统的成本较高等。文章提出生活社区污染物宜就地处理,使本社区的污染物不会转移到其他社区,同时便于污染治理产物的资源化利用,而且可以促进环保产业升级,提高农村社区居住环境质量,促进绿色农业的开展,减轻政府环保工作压力。     

井冈山风景名胜区旅游资源开发初探

井冈山风景名胜区作为全国44个国家重点风景名胜区之一，名列中国旅游胜地40佳之列，旅游业在井冈山市的国民经济中具有举足轻重的地位。要大力发展井冈山的旅游业，充分挖掘井冈山的旅游资源潜力，必须立足于其资源的综合性，采取科学的空间总体布局战略，改善旅游产品的结构，设计合理的旅游线路，强化“革命摇篮、避暑胜地”的主题形象。     

污水处理厂设备的更新

分析污水处理厂设备运行状况，对设备更新前后，从投资角度，进行经济分析，以提出设备更新年限，提高污水处理厂经济效益。     

“十三五”时期我国环境保护国际合作的形势与挑战

对我国"十三五"时期环境保护国际合作形势进行了研判,分析了将面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了环境保护国际合作的对策和建议,以期为做好新时期的环境保护国际合作工作提供参考。     

A CFD based explosion risk analysis methodology using time varying release rates in dispersion simulations

A full probabilistic Explosion Risk Analysis (ERA) is commonly used to establish overpressure exceedance curves for offshore facilities. This involves modelling a large number of gas dispersion and explosion scenarios. Capturing the time dependant build up and decay of a flammable gas cloud size along with its shape and location are important parameters that can govern the results of an ERA. Dispersion simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are generally carried out in detailed ERA studies to obtain these pieces of information. However, these dispersion simulations are typically modelled with constant release rates leading to steady state results. The basic assumption used here is that the flammable gas cloud build up rate from these constant release rate dispersion simulations would mimic the actual transient cloud build up rate from a time varying release rate. This assumption does not correctly capture the physical phenomena of transient gas releases and their subsequent dispersion and may lead to very conservative results. This in turn results in potential over design of facilities with implications on time, materials and cost of a project.In the current work, an ERA methodology is proposed that uses time varying release rates as an input in the CFD dispersion simulations to obtain the fully transient flammable gas cloud build-up and decay, while ensuring the total time required to perform the ERA study is also reduced. It was found that the proposed ERA methodology leads to improved accuracy in dispersion results, steeper overpressure exceedance curves and a significant reduction in the Design Accidental Load (DAL) values whilst still maintaining some conservatism and also reducing the total time required to perform an ERA study.     

Being watched over by a conversation robot may enhance safety in simulated driving

IntroductionIn an aging society that is more and more information-oriented, being able to replace human passengers’ protective effects on vehicle drivers with those of social robots is both essential and promising. However, the effects of a social robot’s presence on drivers have not yet been fully explored. Thus, using a driving simulator and a conversation robot, this experimental study had two main goals: (a) to find out whether social robots’ anthropomorphic qualities (i.e., not the practical information the robot provides drivers) have protective effects by promoting attentive driving and alleviating crash risks; and (b) by what psychological processes such effects emerge. Method: Participants were recruited from young (n = 38), the middle-aged (n = 39), and the elderly (n = 49) age groups. They were assigned to either the treatment group (simulated driving in a conversation robot’s presence) or the control group (simulated driving alone), and their driving performance was measured. Mental states (peaceful, concentrating, and reflective) also were assessed in a post-driving questionnaire using our original scales. Results: Although the group of older participants did not experience protective effects (perhaps due to motion sickness), the young participants drove attentively, with the robot enhancing peace of mind. The protective effect was also observed among the middle-aged participants, and the verbal data analysis ascribed this to the robot’s role of expressing sympathy, especially when the middle-aged drivers nearly had not-at-fault crashes, which caused them to be stressed. In conclusion, we discuss the practical implications of the results.     

保温层下管道腐蚀监测系统及应用研究

为预防保温层下管道腐蚀带来的严重问题,必须采取有效措施进行腐蚀在线监测,以了解管道的剩余壁厚情况。在分析现有的腐蚀监测技术不足的前提下,基于γ射线数字扫描检测技术（GSDT）,研发了1套保温层下管道腐蚀在线监测系统,该系统可以实现对保温层下腐蚀管道剩余壁厚在线监测,并通过带保温层管道的检测试验和t-分布分析方法检验腐蚀监测系统的检测精度,最后以某化工企业为例,验证了该系统的有效性。结果表明:腐蚀监测系统可以实现对保温层管道剩余壁厚的监测,保温层和高密度介质不影响管壁厚度的测量结果,且使用所研发的腐蚀监测系统监测到的管道腐蚀速率与现场实际腐蚀速率基本一致。     

库区旅游生态环境敏感性评价研究——以湖北省丹江口市为例

库区生态地位突出,旅游活动频繁,库区旅游生态环境敏感性评价对库区旅游开发、旅游环境影响评价具有重要的现实意义。文章依据库区旅游生态环境特点构建了水体、植被、坡度、高程、坡向等指标,基于RS、GIS技术提取评价因子并对丹江口市旅游生态环境敏感性进行评价。结果表明,库区周边以及武当山等山势较高的山体为旅游环境极强敏感区,占全市面积的12.81%;强敏感区与一般敏感区所占的比例分别为29.41%、34.38%;弱敏感区散布在河谷平原及距库区较远的边缘地带,占23.39%,旅游活动强度较低。生态强敏感区与旅游活动高发区具有空间耦合性,旅游活动对库区生态环境的影响不容忽视。     

山西壶关峡谷国家地质公园地质遗迹保护方法初探

随着旅游地学研究的深入和地质公园建设的不断完善,作为地质公园建设核心的地质遗迹保护工作越来越显得重要和迫切。本文是作者几年来从事壶关峡谷国家地质公园地质遗迹保护的总结,主要目的是在对地质遗迹保护进行系统分类的基础上,通过对公园地质遗迹保护的现状分析,找出存在的问题和不足,并制定出科学的对策与措施,实现公园的健康和可持续发展。     

环保物联网技术及应用研究

物联网的发展如火如荼,作为新兴高技术产业的重要组成部分,物联网技术广泛应用于各行各业。丈中阐述了环保物联网技术及其应用系统,详细介绍了以在线监测、视频和工况监测三种手段联合监控的感知端技术,信息传输网络技术,以及环保物联网智慧监控平台,描述了物联网技术在污染企业综合监控管理、环境质量综合监测管理、环境应急管理中的实际应用,最后提出环保物联网应在技术规范、技术保障、感知设备研发、感知数据处理等方面进行深入研究,形成一个全覆盖、全运转、全应用、可持续的环保物联网体系。