基于本体技术的地铁运营安全风险管理研究

为促进地铁运营安全风险知识的共享和运用,提高安全管理水平,提出地铁运营安全风险本体的构建与应用方法。首先,介绍本体技术,并分析其在安全风险管理中的优势;其次,收集国内外地铁运营安全事故,运用本体技术从致因因素、事故类型、事故后果、事故等级、应对措施5个方面构建地铁运营安全风险的领域本体模型;最后,基于本体技术进行关联规则分析和规则构建,并以火灾事故为例进行地铁运营火灾风险的规则推理研究。结果表明:利用本体技术能够实现地铁运营安全风险知识的系统化分析与结构化存储,进一步运用规则推理可以实现安全事故的等级判定和应对措施匹配,辅助进行应急决策。     

Exposure to radiation from global system for mobile communications at 1,800 MHz significantly changes gene expression in rat hippocampus and cortex

We have earlier shown that radio frequency electromagnetic fields can cause significant leakage of albumin through the blood–brain barrier of exposed rats as compared to non-exposed rats, and also significant neuronal damage in rat brains several weeks after a 2 h exposure to a mobile phone, at 915 MHz with a global system for mobile communications (GSM) frequency modulation, at whole-body specific absorption rate values (SAR) of 200, 20, 2, and 0.2 mW/kg. We have now studied whether 6 h of exposure to the radiation from a GSM mobile test phone at 1,800 MHz (at a whole-body SAR-value of 13 mW/kg, corresponding to a brain SAR-value of 30 mW/kg) has an effect upon the gene expression pattern in rat brain cortex and hippocampus—areas where we have observed albumin leakage from capillaries into neurons and neuronal damage. Microarray analysis of 31,099 rat genes, including splicing variants, was performed in cortex and hippocampus of 8 Fischer 344 rats, 4 animals exposed to global system for mobile communications electromagnetic fields for 6 h in an anechoic chamber, one rat at a time, and 4 controls kept as long in the same anechoic chamber without exposure, also in this case one rat at a time. Gene ontology analysis (using the gene ontology categories biological processes, molecular functions, and cell components) of the differentially expressed genes of the exposed animals versus the control group revealed the following highly significant altered gene categories in both cortex and hippocampus: extracellular region, signal transducer activity, intrinsic to membrane, and integral to membrane. The fact that most of these categories are connected with membrane functions may have a relation to our earlier observation of albumin transport through brain capillaries.     

地铁施工风险应急管理研究

针对近年来地铁施工事故频发,难以快速、有针对性地进行应急处置的问题,通过对近年来地铁施工事故案例的统计,分析导致地铁施工事故的相关因素,用Protege软件对以往地铁施工事故应急案例建立知识本体模型。通过目标案例与本体库中的源案例进行相似度计算与匹配,检索出案例库中相似度超过阈值的源案例,然后再对比筛选后的源案例与目标案例之间的关键属性相似度,从而决定进行规则推理或直接参考该案例的应急措施,以此提高应急处置的速度与针对性。     

Embodied energy and emergy evaluation of a typical biodiesel production chain in China

Biodiesel from non-grain feedstock has been considered as one of the proper substitutes for fossil fuels associated with a series of activities emerging in China in order to meet the resource shortage and develop the energy crops. This paper presents an ecological accounting framework based on embodied energy, emergy, and CO₂ emission for the whole production chain of biodiesel made from Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) oil. The energy and materials invested in and CO₂ emission from the whole process, including cropping, transportation, extraction, and production, are accounted and calculated. Also, E_mCO₂, the ratio of real CO₂ released to the emergy-based sustainability indicator per joule biodiesel, is proposed in this paper to present a new goal function for low-carbon system optimization. Finally, the results are compared with those of the bioethanol (wheat) production in Henan Province, China, and bioethanol (corn) production in Italy in view of the indices of embodied energy, emergy and CO₂ emissions and E_mCO₂.     

论朱熹本体论对二程的继承与发展

朱熹是宋代理学的集大成者,也是中国古代史上最著名的思想家之一.其思想主要是在继承二程思想的基础上发展起来的.朱熹对二程思想的继承与发展是多方面的.本文主要从本体论的角度就朱熹对二程“天理论”、“理一分殊”及“性即理”等观点的继承与发展作一论述.     

生态环境执法事件本体构建研究和实践应用

结合生态环境执法特点,建立生态环境执法事件本体模型,并对执法不同阶段的相关概念进行统一语义约定.该模型通过时间、环境、对象、动作、状态和语言描述六要素来描述执法事件,通过执法事件类、事件类间关系、事件推理规则和事件实例案件的四元组结构进行执法事件的表达.同时,以某热力工程公司运营的锅炉房超标排放烟气污染物的执法案件构建...     

基于流推理的定线制水域船舶航行安全评估方法

为了更有效地利用船舶航行过程中人员、船舶、环境、管理等数据,实时评估船舶航行安全状态,提出基于流推理(SR)的定线制水域船舶航行安全评估方法。首先,利用粗糙集条件信息熵(RSCIE)约简评估要素,结合专家知识,设计评估本体;然后,通过语义Web技术融合实时采集的相关流数据,用SR引擎推理船舶航行安全状态;最后,运用该方法评估南京下游定线制水域的船舶航行安全状态,并与基于云理论(CT)的安全评估方法等对比分析。结果表明:本文提出的方法具有更好的时效性,而且检测率高、误报率低。     

暴雨洪水本体模型的可视化呈现与应急决策应用

为减少暴雨和洪水灾害带来的各种风险,提出暴雨洪水灾害风险本体模型。从环境因素、设备设施因素、管理因素、人力因素、信息因素5个方面识别暴雨洪水灾害风险要素,分别给出暴雨洪水类、状态空间的概念,定义各个灾害要素的数据属性和对象属性,并基于Protégé应用程序实现暴雨洪水本体模型的可视化。结果表明:暴雨洪水本体模型可清晰准确地表达风险要素和属性,并科学快速地检索出风险要素之间的联系,从而帮助决策者有效作出响应。为暴雨洪水灾害风险评估提供数据存储和检索平台,能够实现用户知识重用和共享,同时也为政府和应急管理主管部门的应急处置和科学决策提供参考。     

建设用地监管数据地理本体构建方法

针对建设用地监管数据多源异构特性,难以实现语义级数据集成共享的技术问题,开展建设用地监管数据地理本体构建技术研究,提出由地理概念类、地理属性、地理关系、地理实例、地理公理构成的五元组地理本体模型,面向地理信息领域特点和建设用地监管数据内容构建建设用地监管数据本体体系,提出建设用地监管数据地理本体构建方法,利用该模型和方法实现土地利用地类地理本体的构建,为实现建设用地监管数据基于数据语义级集成奠定基础.