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61.
建立土壤硫释放过程的人工神经网络模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以温度、土壤含水率、胱氨酸添加量和土壤pH值作为土壤释放挥发性含硫化合物的主要影响因素,采用正交实验方法分析这些因素与土壤硫释速率的关系,利用BP神经网络算法对实验结果建模,并用模型对不同影响因素下的土壤硫释放情况进行预测。结果表明,网络模型对学习过的样本有较高预测精度,预测结果相对误差在2%以下,对未学生过的样本,误差为10%左右,表明人工神经网络方法建立的模型适用于土壤硫释放预测。 相似文献
62.
应用GC/MS联机检测技术对我国大陆和香港共11个城市污泥中4种醚类和4种卤代烃类化合物进行分析。结果表明,醚类化合物的总含量在0-7.743mg/kg之间,以双(2-氯异丙基)醚为主,主要分布在兰州污泥和广州污泥中;卤代烃类化合物的总含量在0.007-3.237mg/kg之间,以六氯环戊二烯为主,主要分布在兰州污泥、佛山污泥和沙田(香港)污泥中。污泥中醚类和卤代烃类化合物的种类及其含量与污水来源、污水处理方式、污泥类型、化合物的结构和理化性质等因素有关。 相似文献
63.
The train is an important vehicle in China, but its air quality has important impacts on passengers’ health. In this work,
pollution from carbonyl compounds was measured in the air of six trains. The objectives of this work were to investigate carbonyl
compound levels in selected air from trains, identify their emission sources, and assess the intake of carbonyl compounds
for passengers. The methods for sampling and analyzing 10 carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein,
acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, and valeraldehyde in indoor air were
proposed with the sampling efficiency, recovery, and detection limit being 92%–100%, 91%–104%, and 0.26–0.82 ng/m3, respectively. It was indicated that the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 0.159–0.2828 mg/m3 with the average concentration of 0.2330 mg/m3. The average concentrations of form aldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 0.0922, 0.0499, and 0.0580 mg/m3, accounting for 42.6%, 21.4%, and 24.9% of the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds, respectively. The carbonyl compounds
probably came from woodwork and cigarette smoking. The intake of carbonyl compounds for the passengers was approximately 0.043–0.076
mg/h. The carbonyl compounds in train air could be harmful to human health.
Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1) 91–94 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
64.
典型北方高碱度微污染水体强化混凝的示范研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以高碱度、受有机物污染的典型北方水体为例,探索适宜的强化混凝技术.在水质调查的基础上,提出适合水质特征的强化混凝目标.研究了高碱度水体强化混凝技术方法.研究表明,可以通过3条技术途径提高水体中有机物的去除效率.其一在混凝前优化pH,促进絮凝剂水解形成中聚体,AlCl3在pH 6左右,FeCl3在pH 5左右时,有机物去除率可以提高一倍左右;其二是强化沉淀软化;其三是絮凝剂优化.结合我国实际情况,通过对传统絮凝剂进行改性,研制出了适合我国北方水质特征的高效絮凝剂,能较传统絮凝剂将有机物去除率提高30%以上. 相似文献
65.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):309-318
Accurate quantification of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) has been a challenge due to the cumulative analytical errors in the conventional method via subtracting dissolved inorganic nitrogen species (DIN) from total dissolved nitrogen (TDN). Size exclusion chromatography coupled with an organic nitrogen detector (SEC-OND) has been developed as a direct method for quantification and characterization of DON. However, the applications of SEC-OND method still subject to poor separations between DON and DIN species and unsatisfied N recoveries of macromolecules. In this study, we packed a series of SEC columns with different lengths and resin materials for separation of different N species and designed an independent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) oxidation device for complete oxidation converting N species to nitrate. To guarantee sufficient N recoveries, the operation conditions were optimized as oxidation time ≥ 30 min, injection mass (sample concentration × injection volume) < 1000 µL × mg-N/L for macromolecular proteins, and neutral pH mobile eluent. The dissolved O2 concentration in SEC mobile phase determined the upper limit of VUV oxidation at a specific oxidation time. Compared to conventional HW50S column (20 × 250 mm), HW40S column (20 × 350 mm) with mobile phase comprising of 1.5 g/L Na2HPO4·2H2O + 2.5 g/L KH2PO4 (pH = 6.85) could achieve a better separation of DON, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia. When applied to river water, lake water, wastewater effluent, groundwater, and landfill leachate, the SEC-OND method could quantify DON as well as DIN species accurately and conveniently even the DIN/TDN ratio reached 0.98. 相似文献
66.
Yang Zhang Tianyi Zhao Yu Yan Bian Zhou Xuezhen Zhong Xiaoyu Hu Lijia Zhang Peng Huo Kang Xiao Yuanxun Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(2):835-845
Ambient particulate matter (PM) can cause adverse health effects via their ability to produce Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Water-Soluble Organic Compounds (WSOCs), a complex mixture of organic compounds which usually coexist with Transition Metals (TMs) in PM, have been found to contribute to ROS formation. However, the interaction between WSOCs and TMs and its effect on ROS generation are still unknown. In this study, we examined the ROS concentrations of V, Zn, Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SRFA), Suwannee River Humic Acid (SRHA) and the mixtures of V/Zn and SRFA/SRHA by using a cell-free 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) assay. The results showed that V or Zn synergistically promoted ROS generated by SRFA, but had an antagonistic effect on ROS generated by SRHA. Fluorescence quenching experiments indicated that V and Zn were more prone to form stable complexes with aromatic humic acid-like component (C1) and fulvic acid-like component (C3) in SRFA and SRHA. Results suggested that the underlying mechanism involving the fulvic acid-like component in SRFA more tending to complex with TMs to facilitate ROS generation through π electron transfer. Our work showed that the complexing ability and complexing stability of atmospheric PM organics with metals could significantly affect ROS generation. It is recommended that the research deploying multiple analytical methods to quantify the impact of PM components on public health and environment is needed in the future. 相似文献
67.
介绍寒冷地区小型硫磺回收的设计特点,包括选用一、二、三级冷凝器同壳、低噪音鼓风机;试生产中的改进经验,包括过程气用蒸汽夹套保温,带有硫封的被硫储罐. 相似文献
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