农业结构调整对全国粮食安全的影响分析--以粮食主产区为例

基于粮食主产区农业发展及其结构调整中面临的问题分析，指出近5年来导致我国粮食产量持续下降的主要原因在于农业结构调整。大规模的“压粮扩经”趋势若不能有效控制，必将对国家粮食安全带来冲击。对2005-2010年我国粮食需求及粮食主产区占全国粮食产量比重进行测算．提出不同粮食自给率下国家粮食安全对粮食主产区粮食生产的目标要求。粮食主产区具有满足国家粮食安全产量需要的生产潜力。     

Transformation of mercury speciation through the SCR system in power plants

Coal-fired utility boilers are now identified as the largest source of mercury in the United States. There is speculation that the installation of selective catalytic reduction （SCR） system for reduction of NOx can also prompt the oxidation and removal of mercury. In this paper, tests at six full-scale power plants with similar type of the SCR systems are conducted to investigate the effect of the SCR on the transformation of mercury speciation. The results show that the SCR system can achieve more than 70%-80% oxidation of elemental mercury and enhance the mercury removal ability in these units. The oxidation of elemental mercury in the SCR system strongly depends on the coal properties and the operation conditions of the SCR systems. The content of chloride in the coal is the key factor for the oxidization process and the maximum oxidation of elemental mercury is found when chloride content changes from 400 to 600 ppm. The sulfur content is no significant impact on oxidation of elemental mercury.     

Individual differences in reactions towards color in simulated healthcare environments: The role of stimulus screening ability

The notion that the physical healthcare environment can affect our mood and behavior is well established. Despite this, individual differences in sensitivity to environmental stimuli have not received much attention. With the current research showing the importance of individual differences in sensitivity towards color, these may explain the contradictory effects found in color research. Two experiments focused on differences in environmental sensitivity, measured with stimulus screening ability. In both experiments, participants were presented with a scenario describing hospitalization with appendicitis and were exposed to a photo of a hospital room. The experiments tested the effects of environmental coloring of the hospital room (green and orange, both contrasted with white as a control condition), and the moderating role of stimulus screening ability (high-screeners vs. low-screeners) on stress (study 1) and arousal (study 2), and cognitive appraisals of the room (study 2). Stress-reducing effects of green and arousal-inducing effects of orange were both more pronounced for people scoring low on stimulus screening ability than for those who are able to effectively screen out complexity in the environment (high-screeners).     

序批式生物反应器填埋场的脱氮特性

采用3个填埋柱模拟序批式生物反应器填埋场: 1号柱装填新鲜垃圾,为对照柱,渗滤液简单回灌;2号和3号柱分别装填新鲜垃圾和腐熟垃圾,渗滤液交叉回灌.探讨了序批式生物反应器填埋场的氨氮去除率、反硝化能力以及厌氧氨氧化能力.结果表明:1号柱渗滤液的氨氮质量浓度在40 d内升高并趋于稳定;3号柱的氨氮去除率随时间的延续逐渐降低,从垃圾装填开始的100%降到90 d后的0,2号柱氨氮的累积去除率为40%左右.试验进行90 d后,分别将一定质量浓度的硝酸盐溶液添加到3个填埋柱内,结果表明,所使用的硝酸盐氮在2 d内几乎全部被去除, 证明3个填埋柱都具有很强的反硝化能力.3号柱在添加硝酸盐过程中硫酸根质量浓度升高,表明发生了自养反硝化反应.通过向填埋柱添加亚硝酸盐发现, 3号柱有一定的厌氧氨氧化能力,氨氮质量浓度下降10%～32%.      

乡镇工业行业结构调整决策研究——以湖南省常德市为例

本文在专家咨询和层次分析的基础上,提出了常德市乡镇工业行业结构调整方案。将层次分析所得各行业优先权重与行业结构状态相耦合,不仅定性地提出了调整方向,而且定量地提出了调整幅度。     

安全成本与国际贸易竞争力关系的经济学分析

分析了职业安全卫生标准一体化和劳工标准对国际贸易产生的现实影响,运用经济学的基本理论对安全保护成本与国际贸易竞争力之间的关系进行深入探讨;推理得出国际贸易中小国的安全保护成本对其国际贸易竞争力影响较大,而大国的影响则较小,如果大国某一出口产品需求价格弹性小于1,其增加安全成本总收入反而增加的结论,因此,大国有增加安全投资的积极性。笔者提出发展中国家应从自身经济、政治利益实际出发,反对不切实际的提高劳工标准,并提出中国的出口企业应该适应目标市场绿色安全生产的发展趋势,实现本质安全型生产。     

多目标决策的农业抗旱能力综合评价

利用灰色系统理论中的关联分析建立了湖南农业抗旱能力评价的指标体系,运用多目标决策法对湖南14个市州的抗旱能力进行了评价。其结果是:在三种方案中娄底(1.452 9)、邵阳(1.398 8)、常德(1.580 2)的抗旱能力综合指数最大,抗旱能力强;而张家界在3种方案中抗旱能力综合指数都小于0.5,抗旱能力弱。并为湖南抗旱减灾、提高抗旱能力提出了合理的建议与对策。     

论静脉产业的法律调整

从静脉产业的概念入手，通过一系列的数据反映我国特别是河北省在工业固体废物、建筑垃圾、报废的机动车船、废旧家电、城市生活垃圾等静脉产业的实际状态和水平，并且探讨了调整静脉产业的现有法律制度及立法空白，提出了尽快出台《循环经济法》；修订《清洁生产促进法》和《固体废弃物污染防治法》；加紧制定《促进容器与包装分类回收法》、《家用电器回收法》、《建筑及材料回收法》、《食品回收法》、《垃圾回收利用法》及《绿色采购法》等立法建议。     

阜新市产业结构调整与可持续发展战略研究

本文系统总结了国内外资源型衰退地区产业结构调整的经验及模式,并从区域竞争和创新思想出发,在分析阜新市产业结构调整与区域发展面临的核心问题,竞争优势的基础上,提出了阜新市区域发展战略模式及相关行动计划。     

基于层次分析法(AHP)的煤矿安全生产能力指标体系研究

笔者从系统工程的角度,应用层次分析法的基本原理构建煤矿安全能力AHP(层次分析法)模型,确定煤矿安全生产能力指标体系,将成对比较矩阵的特征向量作为煤矿安全评价因子的权重,确定了相关因子的影响力排序。其结果显示:人因是影响我国煤矿安全生产能力的首要因素;其次是技术和管理因素;而地质条件等环境因素排序为最后。该排序基本反映了当前煤矿安全生产的实际情况。强化人的安全教育和技能培训,加强安全生产管理和安全监察力度,提高安全技术及安全装备水平,是提高安全生产能力的重要举措。