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101.
The growth properties and biodegradation mechanism of a Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX1 that was able to grow on branched octylphenol polyethoxylates (OPEO(n), average n=9.5) as the sole carbon source over a wide concentration range (1-100,000 mgl(-1)) were studied. Analysis of growth factors indicated the highest specific growth rate (micro) of 0.53 h(-1) was obtained at an initial concentration of 5,000 mgl(-1) OPEO(n). An optimal C/N ratio of 12 was obtained for (NH(4))(2)SO(4) as the nitrogen source in a cultivated medium at pH 7. The kinetic analysis demonstrated that bacterial growth and OPEO(n) degradation followed the Monod equation and were based on a substrate concentration inhibition model and pseudo-first-order reaction, respectively. The substrate inhibition coefficient was over 18,000 mgl(-1) and this indicates that the strain has an ability to sustain growth at high concentrations of OPEO(n) and use it as the sole carbon source under such a stress condition. Furthermore, LC-MS analysis showed that the biodegradation mechanism of dodecyl octaethoxylate (AEO8) by P. nitroreducens TX1 was the sequential cleavage of the ethoxylate chain. 相似文献
102.
103.
苹果角质层的组分特征及其对甲萘酚的吸附作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为能够准确预测有机污染物在植物角质层上的吸附行为,用化学方法(脱蜡、皂化、酸解)分离得到7种苹果角质层组分,探讨了角质组分对甲萘酚的吸附特征及其与结构组成之间的关系.结果表明.苹果角质层由44.7%蜡质、34.6%角质单体、13.6%糖类、7.5%生物高聚物(cutan)组成,脱蜡、皂化脱角质单体后角质组分的极性指数((O N)/C)增大,而酸解脱糖后(O N)/C则减小.角质层组分对甲萘酚的等温吸附曲线均呈非线性(N=0.551~0.918),而高浓度时的等温吸附曲线则呈线性,表明植物角质与有机物的相互作用除了分配作用之外,还存在其它的特殊作用.苹果角质层(ACI)对甲萘酚的吸附系数(Knc)为442,脱蜡、脱糖后角质组分的KDC.值增大,而脱角质单体后Kuc值则大大减小,表明角质单体是主要的吸附介质;蜡质、角质单体、糖类组分对角质层吸附行为的影响存在交互作用.角质组分的Koc值随其(O N)/C变化出现"峰值",意味着甲萘酚与角质组分之间的相互作用存在最佳的极性匹配. 相似文献
104.
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106.
介绍一种基于Linux的嵌入式操作系统和CDMA 1X无线数据业务的图像监控系统方案.系统以LvRLinux操作系统为软件平台,以ARM9微处理器AT91RM9200为硬件平台,采用MPEG-4的专用编码芯片G07007SB对采集到的视频信号进行压缩编码.然后生成MPEG-4视频流.AT91RM9200将视频流进行处理、缓存后通过串口发送到CDMA 1X无线模块,通过CDMA 1X业务将图像数据发送到远端服务器.远端服务器具有固定的实IP地址.远端服务器通过SOCK2ET接收图像数据并进行解码显示,还可以通过发送控制信号实现对下位机的控制. 相似文献
107.
The degradation of polyacrylamide (PAM) in simulate wastewater was studied in UV/Fenton/C4H4O62? system. The factors such as molecular ratio of H2O2/Fe2+/C4H4O62?, pH, and the dosage of Fenton reagent that could affect the PAM degradation in the UV/Fenton/C4H4O62? system were investigated. The experimental results showed that adding C4H4O62? to UV/Fenton system could form photosensitive ferrous complexes, which led to higher degradation efficiency of PAM. The degradation rate of PAM could be up to 95.2% under the following conditions: the concentration of H2O2, Fe2+, and C4H4O62? were 22.5, 2.25, and 2.25 mmol/L, respectively (i.e., molecular ratio of H2O2/Fe2+/C4H4O62? was 10:1:1), the pH value was 3.0. 相似文献
108.
Yuan-Na Xing Ying Guo Mei Xie Ru-Lang Shen 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(4):1382-1387
A solid-phase microextration-based sampling method was employed to determine the concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) and its metabolites, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDD), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDE) and 1-chloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethene (DDMU), in two estuarine bays, Daya Bay and Hailing Bay, of South China. Six DDT components including p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDD, o,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDE, and p,p′-DDMU were detected in Hailing Bay, while only p,p′-DDD was found in Daya Bay. p,p′-DDD was the most abundant DDT component in both bays, sharply different from the previous finding in the water column of the Palos Verdes Shelf, California, USA that p,p′-DDE was prevalent. In addition, the occurrence of p,p′-DDMU (with a range of 0.047-0.21 ng/L in Hailing Bay) has not been reported around the globe, and its presence in our study region appeared to stem from dehydrochlorination of p,p′-DDD, favored under aerobic conditions, but further investigations are clearly needed to confirm the mechanism for generation of DDMU in estuarine environments. 相似文献
109.
Gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs in a satellite town in Eastern China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Meng-xia Xu Jian-hua Yan Sheng-yong Lu Xiao-dong Li Tong Chen Ming-jiang Ni Hui-fen Dai Fei Wang Ke-fa Cen 《Chemosphere》2009,76(11):1540-1549
Gas/particle partitioning of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in ambient air was investigated in a satellite town in Eastern China from April 2007 to January 2008 comprehending large temperature variations (from 3 to 34 °C, daily average). Molecular weight, molecular structure and ambient temperatures are the three major factors that govern the gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs throughout the year. Generally, good agreements were obtained (except for winter) between measured particulate fractions and theoretical estimates of both the Junge–Pankow adsorption model and Harner Bidleman absorption model using different sets of subcooled liquid vapor pressure and octanol–air partition coefficient (Koa), respectively. Models utilizing estimates, derived from gas chromatographic retention indices (GC-RIs), are more accurate than that of entropy-based. Moreover, during winter, the Koa-based model using the GC-RIs approach performs better on lower chlorinated PCDD/Fs than that of -based. Furthermore, possible sources of mismatch between measured and predicted values in winter (3–7 °C) were discussed. Gas adsorption artifact was demonstrated to be of minor importance for the phenomena observed. On the other hand, large deviations of slopes (mr) and intercepts (br) in logKp vs. plots from theoretical values are observed in the literature data and these are found to be linearly correlated with ambient temperatures (P<0.001) in this study. This indicates that the non-equilibrium partitioning of PCDD/Fs in winter may be significantly influenced by the colder temperatures that may have slowed down the exchange between gaseous and particulate fractions. 相似文献
110.
Degassing of H/He, CFCs and SF6 by denitrification: Measurements and two-phase transport simulations
Ate Visser Joris D. Schaap Hans Peter Broers Marc F.P. Bierkens 《Journal of contaminant hydrology》2009,103(3-4):206-218
The production of N2 gas by denitrification may lead to the appearance of a gas phase below the water table prohibiting the conservative transport of tracer gases required for groundwater dating. We used a two-phase flow and transport model (STOMP) to study the reliability of 3H/3He, CFCs and SF6 as groundwater age tracers under agricultural land where denitrification causes degassing. We were able to reproduce the amount of degassing (R2 = 69%), as well as the 3H (R2 = 79%) and 3He (R2 = 76%) concentrations observed in a 3H/3He data set using simple 2D models. We found that the TDG correction of the 3H/3He age overestimated the control 3He/3He age by 2.1 years, due to the accumulation of 3He in the gas phase. The total uncertainty of degassed 3H/3He ages of 6 years (± 2 σ) is due to the correction of degassed 3He using the TDG method, but also due to the travel time in the unsaturated zone and the diffusion of bomb peak 3He. CFCs appear to be subject to significant degradation in anoxic groundwater and SF6 is highly susceptible to degassing. We conclude that 3H/3He is the most reliable method to date degassed groundwater and that two-phase flow models such as STOMP are useful tools to assist in the interpretation of degassed groundwater age tracer data. 相似文献