高效液相色谱法在酚类竞争吸附中的应用

本研究采用反相HPLC-紫外检测测定酚类化合物,研究了流动相组成、配比、pH值等因素对酚类分离的影响,建立了测定7种酚类化合物的最佳色谱条件。流动相为50%甲醇-0.03 mol/L HAC-NaAC缓冲溶液,pH4.5,流速1 mL/min,检测波长UV 275 nm。并用于酚类在改性壳聚糖上的竞争吸附测定,具有简便、快速、准确等优点。     

新型复合垃圾衍生燃料的制备及性能分析

为了提高城市生活垃圾资源化利用的效率,采用室温冷压有粘结剂成型的方法将城市生活垃圾和煤按一定的配比制成新型复合垃圾衍生燃料,研究了成型压力、配比对衍生燃料的热稳定性、机械强度、粘结性以及发热量的影响.试验结果表明,在生活垃圾中加入煤可有效改善衍生燃料性能,增加其热值,在成型压力为25 MPa,煤配比为20%时复合衍生燃料的性能最优.     

重金属离子对斜生栅列藻毒性的研究

应用斜生栅列藻作为生物指示物,对16种重金属化合物的单一毒性进行毒性评价,并分别从微观和宏观角度分析了重金属的致毒机理。实验结果表明:它们的毒性大小顺序为Ag+Cd2+Cu2+Zn2+Sr2+Pb2+Hg2+Sn4+Al3+Cr+Ni2+Mn2+Ba2+Fe3+Co2+Li+。     

Phenolic content,antioxidant and antibacterial activity of selected natural sweeteners available on the Polish market

Seventeen natural sweeteners available on the Polish market were screened for total phenolic content, by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and for antioxidant activity, using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and the 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation decolorization assay (ABTS^·+). In addition, we analyzed antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus strains: both those susceptible and those resistant to methicillin (MRSA). The results of the study showed that total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity differ widely among different samples of sweeteners. Phenolic content, expressed as a gallic acid equivalent, ranged from 0 mg kg^?1 in white, refined sugar, xylitol and wheat malt syrup to 11.4 g kg^?1 in sugarcane molasses. Antioxidant activity was lowest in refined white sugar, xylitol, brown beet sugar, liquid fructose, and rape honey; it was average in spelt syrup and corn syrup, and highest in sugar cane, beet molasses, date and barley syrups. Despite the great variety of sweeteners, a strong correlation was noted between the concentration of phenolics and antioxidant properties, as determined by the ABTS^·+ method (r = 0.97) and the FRAP assay (r = 0.77). The strongest antibacterial activity was observed in sugarcane molasses, which was lethal to S. aureus strains at 2 and 4% concentrations in medium for susceptible and MRSA strains respectively. Other sweeteners kill bacteria in 6–15% solutions, whereas some did not show any antibacterial activities against S. aureus strains, even at 20% concentrations. Due to their high antioxidant and antibacterial activities, some of the tested sweeteners have potential therapeutic value as supporting agents in antibiotic therapy.     

NiOγ／-Al2O3反应吸附苯并噻吩

以等体积浸渍法制备了负载型NiOγ／-Al2O3吸附剂,在固定床反应装置上对含苯并噻吩的模型化合物进行反应吸附脱硫实验,考察了NiO负载量、模型化合物硫含量及活性组分的形态对吸附剂脱硫性能的影响,并用XRD、SEM—EDS分析、XPS分析对载体和吸附剂进行了表征。实验结果表明：NiOγ／-Al2O3吸附剂具有较高的穿透硫容,能有效脱除模型化合物中的苯并噻吩;反应过程中生成了NiS;C的沉积以及Ni的硫化物的生成导致了吸附剂的失活。     

废旧线路板真空热解油合成热固性酚醛树脂

以废旧线路板真空热解油为原料,NaOH为催化剂,与甲醛的缩聚反应合成热固性酚醛树脂(TPR),重点考察了合成条件对产物固含量的影响。结果表明,合成热固性酚醛树脂的最佳条件为:每38.5 g热解油加入甲醛、催化剂分别为40 g、10 g,第1阶段温度为60℃、反应时间为3 h,第2阶段温度为95℃、反应时间按为3 h,其中催化剂的加入量是最主要的影响因素。通过红外光谱分析(IR)及热重分析(TG)测定了合成产物的结构和性能,并对产物进行了力学性能的检测。结果证明,以热解油为原料合成的酚醛树脂出现了CH2、CH—OH等特征峰,且产物的耐热温度在300℃以上,拉伸强度达到了39.6 MPa,与以苯酚为原料合成的酚醛树脂相近,研究结果表明,真空热加油为原料合成酚醛树脂是可行的。     

低动力复合净水系统净化生态农庄景观池水质

采用生物填料、阿科蔓生态基和生态浮盆等材料构建低动力复合净水系统(LCWPS)进行生态农庄人工景观池水质净化技术示范研究。系统稳定运行后的周年监测结果表明,整体系统使人工景观池的CODMn、TN、NH4+-N、TP和浊度分别下降61.1%～62.8%、36.0%～39.9%、14.3%～35.7%、66.7%～79.5%和76.8%～79.8%,水质溶解氧浓度(DO)上升72.7%～126.0%,景观池水质达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)中景观水域需要的V类水质标准,并能长期保持稳定。从管理维护成本角度考虑,利用LCWPS净化生态农庄人工景观池水质能达到节能节水的目的。     

废弃线路板热解油合成改性酚醛树脂

以废弃线路板热解油为原料,采用碱溶—中和—萃取工艺提取其中以苯酚为主的粗酚,并合成改性酚醛树脂。合成硼酸改性酚醛树脂的优化工艺条件为n(粗酚)∶n(外加苯酚)=2∶3,n(粗酚+外加苯酚)∶n(甲醛)∶n(NaOH)∶n(硼酸)=1∶1.5∶0.15∶0.17;合成有机硅改性酚醛树脂的优化工艺条件为n(粗酚)∶n(外加苯酚)=2∶3,n(粗酚+外加苯酚)∶n(甲醛)∶n(NaOH)∶n(正硅酸乙酯)=1∶1.3∶0.1∶0.1。所合成的硼酸改性和有机硅改性酚醛树脂的主要性能指标均满足YB/T4131—2005《耐火材料用酚醛树脂》中牌号为PFn-5301的热固性液体树脂性能的要求。     

The effect of artificial smoke compound on physiological responses,cognitive functions and work performance during firefighting activities in a smoke-diving room: an intervention study

This study investigated the combined effect of firefighting operations and exposure to smoke on physiological responses, cognitive functions and physical performance among firefighters. Each firefighter was engaged in two experimental conditions: (a) without artificial smoke, control (NS); (b) with artificial smoke (WS). The results of data analysis revealed that heart rate and body temperature increased significantly after the firefighting activities in the two conditions relative to baseline. In addition, reaction time (RT) and correct response (CR) decreased after the activity relative to baseline and there was a significant difference in RT and CR between the NS and WS conditions. There was also a significant difference in performance time between the NS and WS conditions. These findings demonstrated that a smoke compound has an insignificant effect on physiological responses during firefighting activity. On the contrary, the smoke compound has a detrimental influence on cognitive and physical performance.     

含氯苯酚类化合物结构表征与毒性预测

将有机化合物中的不同非氢原子及非氢原子之间的关系参数化得到新的结构描述符,运用该描述符对部分含氯苯酚类化合物分子结构进行了参数化表征。采用偏最小二乘回归(PLS)方法构建了化合物结构与毒性(-lgIC₅₀)之间的关系模型,模型的建模相关系数(R²)为0.948,“留一法”交互检验的相关系数(Q²)为0.922,标准偏差(SD)为0.184。结果表明结构描述符能较好地表征化合物分子结构特征,所建模型稳定性好、预测能力强,对于酚类化合物QSAR研究具有一定的参考价值。