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961.
962.
东海特定海区沉积物-水界面附近P释放的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以采自长江口外东海表层沉积物为对象,对不同类型的沉积物在模拟海水环境中进行了释P实验。研究表明,在静态条件下,沉积物释P量的高点出现在摇晃后10min左右,大约3h后基本趋于平衡。释P动力学可用Elovich公式与双常数速率公式进行拟合。最大释P量与沉积物的组成密切相关,以粉砂、粘土为主的沉积物释P量高,而砂质为主者释P量低。在释P实验中,铁磷(Fe-P)最为活跃,释放比例最高,其次是吸附态磷(Ad-P)和有机态磷(OP)。它们均属于生物可获得P的范畴。实验结果表明,在合适的水动力条件下,沉积物中的P可以迅速释放到水体.并影响水体的营养状杰和初级生产力。 相似文献
963.
Wang Yayi Wang Shuying Peng Yongzhen Zhu Guibing Ling Yunfang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(2):226-232
To supply the valuable operating parameters for the popular usage of the new denitrifying phosphors removal process, it is
essential to study the dominant biochemical reactions and the characteristics of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria
(DPB). Thus, parallel batch experiments using DPB sludge were carried out to assess the effect of substrates (sewage, HAc,
and endogenous carbon source) on denitrifying dephosphorus removal efficiency in this study. The results showed that the initial
specific phosphorus release rate increased with the high concentration of the short-chain volatile fatty acids ratio in the
influent, and sufficient phosphorus was released by DPB. This improved the subsequent denitrification and phosphorus uptake
efficiency. The specific endogenous denitrification mainly relies on the internal carbon source (PHB) stored by poly-P bacteria.
Denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria were very hungry when the internal PHB was consumed. Consequently, the specific
endogenous denitrification rate was low and the phosphorus uptake did not happen. On the other hand, in the experiment, the
denitrifying phosphorus removal performance under two temperature conditions (8–10°C and 25–26°C) was also investigated and
analyzed. It was found that the lower temperature decreased the specific phosphorus release and uptake rate, but did not inhibit
the denitrifying phosphorus removal completely. Therefore, the negative influence of the low temperature on the overall phosphorus
removal was not significant.
Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26 (2): 186–192 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
964.
965.
含磷废水处理的研究现状 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
简要介绍了含磷废水造成的富营养化问题所带来的危害,分析了含磷废水的主要来源,详尽介绍了当前处理含磷废水的各种不同方法,主要介绍了化学沉淀法、生物法、吸附法等在含磷废水处理方面的应用。最后,简要介绍了排放废水污染的控制与恢复。 相似文献
966.
生活废水生物除磷工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了生活废水生物除磷工艺的基本原理以及目前国内流行的几种除磷方法,并且探讨了生物除磷的影响因素,对新工艺做了假想。 相似文献
967.
Xin-Rui Li Hiroshi Koseki 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2005,18(4-6):455-459
In this paper, compared with a UN cylindrical 500 mL Dewar (H.4 in the UN tests), a spherical 1 L Dewar vessel was used to study the early stages of runaway reactions of several liquid and solid samples, including three organic peroxides and a reactive material. The samples were filled in the vessels and the temperature profiles versus times at different positions of the samples were measured. As a result, the minimum temperatures, defined as the SADT, were averagely 10 K lower than those measured in the cylindrical Dewar vessels. At the same time, the temperature profiles of solids in the spherical Dewars tended to be homogeneous. The heat transfer coefficient of a spherical Dewar is only 0.18 W/K/m, one-eighth of a conventional cylindrical Dewar vessel. Meanwhile it has a low phi factor. These factors are essential to simulate low heat loss bulk conditions in the equilibrium process and at the early stage of a runaway reaction. To characterize the ability of the adiabaticity of a storage vessel, it can be seen that a spherical Dewar could simulate the plant process having critical storage size of a reactive-material, r0, approximately 0.6 m. It is recommended that such a technique is used to investigate the SADT of an unstable material in larger scale packaging or a material with very weak heat release in industry. 相似文献
968.
Joyce Zhang Susan A. F. Ray Annoesjka Steinman 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(6):1613-1624
ABSTRACT: Nutrient loading from beef pastures located within the northern Lake Okeechobee watershed in Florida, has been identified as a source of phosphorus contributing to the accelerated eutrophication of the lake. Since 1989 within the watershed, 557 agricultural drainage sites, mainly beef pasture, have been monitored for compliance under a regulatory program. Of those sites, 154 were actively monitored for phosphorus concentrations from October 1, 1998, to September 30, 1999. Of these 154 sites, 77 were considered to be out of compliance (OOC). An OOC site is defined as having runoff with a 12‐month average phosphorus concentration exceeding the permitted discharge limit. The average annual phosphorous load from the 77 OOC sites for an eight‐year study period from October 1, 1991, to September 30, 1999, was estimated using measured concentration values and simulated runoff obtained from an agricultural nonpoint source pollution model, CREAMS‐WT. The 77 OOC sites produced an estimated average annual 46 metric tonnes of phosphorus load, of which an estimated 22 tonnes of phosphorus reached Lake Okeechobee on an average annual basis. The remaining estimated average annual 24 tonnes of phosphorus load was retained by streams and wetlands in the discharge transport system between the sites and the lake. The estimated average annual load reaching Lake Okeechobee from the OOC sites represented 11 percent of the phosphorus load above a five‐year average annual target load for the lake. However, the OOC site drainage areas represented only 3 percent of the northern watershed that drains into the lake. Of the 77 OOC sites, 12 sites had an average annual phosphorus loading rate equal to or greater than 3.0 kg/ha and were placed on the priority list for the Critical Restoration Project in the Lake Okeechobee watershed. To estimate the possible phosphorus load reductions from the 77 sites, two scenarios were modeled. The first scenario reduced phosphorus concentrations in runoff to the permitted discharge limits under the Lake Okeechobee regulatory program. The second scenario changed current land uses to native rangeland with an estimated annual offsite total phosphorus areal loading rate of 0.114 kg/ha. These two scenarios are hypothetical with assumed concentration values and loading rate. Model results showed that the first management scenario reduced the average annual phosphorus load to the lake by an estimated 15 tonnes. The second scenario reduced the average annual phosphorus load to the lake by an estimated 21 tonnes. 相似文献
969.
970.
巷道及“U”工作面上隅角瓦斯运移、积聚及处理措施分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
分析了瓦斯在正常井巷风流中的主要运移扩散方式 ;论述了煤层巷道及工作面上隅角瓦斯运移过程及其局部区域和上隅角形成瓦斯积聚的原因 ;针对当前采用的治理局部瓦斯积聚的几项措施 ,进行了详细的讨论 ;结合白集煤矿实际情况 ,对目前采用的瓦斯治理措施进行了分析。 相似文献