空心玻璃微珠三相泡沫抗溶抗烧性能实验研究

研究了空心玻璃微珠添加量、泡沫液浓度和泡沫液性质对三相泡沫在油面的稳定性和抗烧性能影响规律.结果表明,空心玻璃微珠添加量越大,三相泡沫在油面的稳定性越差.泡沫液浓度和性质对三相泡沫在油面的稳定性有一定影响.添加微珠后三相泡沫的抗烧性能降低,与蛋白两相泡沫相比,空心微珠添加量为10mL、30mL和50mL时,ti缩短约26%、38%和42%,泡沫完全烧损时间也缩短约20%、28%和31%.     

安徽省淮河流域水污染分析与环境目标可达性探讨

介绍了安徽省淮河流域水污染的历史与现状,分析了淮河流域水污染的特点,对实现《淮河流域水污染防治“十五”计划》的可能性进行了探讨。     

计算机类学生编程素质的培养

针对计算机类学生在软件编程中出现的问题，本文就格式化编码、界面设计的一致性和清晰性、错误报告的方式与时机、交互二重性等方面进行了细致的介绍，以Visual Basic 6．x为编程语言提出了相应的解决办法，对提高计算机类专业学生的编程素质有较强的指导意义，对其他软件开发或程序设计人员也有较高的借鉴价值。     

江西九连山常绿阔叶林下土壤的物理性质、水分状况及水源涵养能力的初步研究

我们在江西省九连山自然保护区对山地常绿阔叶林下的土壤进行了土壤物理性质和土壤水分季节动态的测定(一年连续),并据此对其水源涵养能力进行了初步分析。这种土壤具有良好的物理性质,质地主要为壤质粘土和粘壤土,容重小(0.88—1.29),孔隙度大(51.7—65.4％),透水速度快(17.4—142.8ml/min),最大持水量高(占容积50.6—58.2％)。土壤排水良好,水分充足。水分含量一年中绝大部分时间在30％以上。变动范围:0—15cm土层,26—56％;15—30cm土层,26—45％;30—50cm土层,26—45％。我们用透水速度和最大持水量来分析其水源涵养能力,并与丘陵红壤进行比较。结果是:土壤的透水能力为丘陵红壤的3—5倍;贮水能力为丘陵红壤的138—145％;吸收雨水能力为丘陵红壤的219％。     

籼爪交后代的花药培养效率

对爪畦稻J15、J21、J20以及J211与不同的籼型杂交稻三系亲本杂交后代不同世代进行了花药培养.结果表明:当同一爪哇稻与三系亲本杂交时,其F1花药培养力高低顺序为:爪哇稻/保持系>爪哇稻/恢复系>爪哇稻/不育系的杂种后代.这种差异可能存在细胞质效应.4个爪哇稻品种中,以J15所配组合的出愈率和培养力为最高,绿苗分化率以J20所配组合最高.低代材料花药在适合籼粳交的SK3培养基上反应较好,高代材料的花药在适合籼稻的M8培养基上反应较好.改良M8和改良SK3培养基的花培效果分别优于M8和SK3培养基.F5、F6代材料的花药在改良M8培养基上出愈率可超过50％.琼脂糖代替琼脂可显著提高出愈率和培养力.高温预培养(30-32℃)24 h其花药培养效率达到最高值.图2表3参15     

Mass-dependent take-off ability in wintering great tits (Parus major): comparison of top-ranked adult males and subordinate juvenile females

When birds are attacked by predators, initial take-off is crucial for survival. Theoretical studies have predicted that predation risk in terms of impaired flight ability increases with body weight. However, studies in which attacks were simulated, and within-individual daily changes in body weight were used to test mass-dependent take-off outside migration period, have so far failed to show an effect of mass on velocity. In this field study I compared the mass/velocity relationships of alarmed adult male and juvenile female great tits, Parus major. Fattening strategies differ among members of the dominance-structured basic flocks of wintering great tits, and dominant individuals often carry significantly less amount of fat reserves than subordinates. Since the range of body weight gain/loss is the least among dominant males, it was expected that impaired flight ability is more likely in lower-ranked female great tits. The results show that the birds differed significantly in their daily increase of relative body weight. Average daily weight increase of adult males was 6.2%, while it was 12.2% in juvenile females. Males were faster than females at take-off both at dawn and at dusk. Flight velocity of males did not differ significantly between dawn and dusk, whereas females took off at a significantly lower speed at dusk than at dawn. The results suggest that the larger fat reserves of subordinate females needed to increase their chances of overwinter survival probably place them at increased risk of predation. Electronic Publication     

不同人工林分枯落物和土壤持水能力研究

对大岭山林场尾叶桉、马占相思、黑木相思、厚荚相思、卷荚相思、杉木和马尾松林分的枯落物和土壤持水功能进行研究。结果表明,林地枯落物持水量的大小顺序为:马占相思林>杉木林>厚荚相思林>黑木相思林>尾叶桉林>马尾松林>卷荚相思林;土壤持水量大小则为:杉木林>厚荚相思林>卷荚相思林>马尾松林>尾叶桉林>马占相思林>黑木相思林。对于尾叶桉林来说,随着林分年龄的增加,其枯落物持水能力增加,但持水量降低。     

Does the great spotted cuckoo choose magpie hosts according to their parenting ability?

When brood parasites are about to lay an egg, they have to decide which nest to parasitize. The best nest in which to lay will depend on the parenting ability of the host. We have studied selection of magpie (Pica pica) hosts by great spotted cuckoos (Clamator glandarius). Great spotted cuckoos preferentially parasitize large host nests. Nest volume in magpies is a good indicator of territory quality, since there is a negative relationship between magpie nest size and breeding date, and timing of breeding in magpies is known to be positively related to territory quality. Moreover, magpies occupying high-quality territories have high breeding success. Therefore, nest size is positively related to the quality of magpies. Parasitized magpie nests were of greater volume than the nearest neighbouring nest not parasitized by the great spotted cuckoo. In order to test whether the great spotted cuckoos might select high-quality magpie hosts, we manipulated pairs of parasitized and non-parasitized nests with identical laying dates and habitats, introducing into each of the nests the same number of parasitic and non-parasitic eggs. The number of fledglings reared (magpie plus great spotted cuckoo chicks) in naturally parasitized nests was higher than in experimentally parasitized nests. Thus, the probability of survival of the parasite chicks increased if cuckoo eggs were laid in the nests of high-quality hosts originally chosen by the parasite.     

信号分子对高负荷UASB中ANAMMOX颗粒特性的影响

针对高负荷反应器中ANAMMOX颗粒污泥易上浮流失的问题,进行外源添加酰基高丝氨酸内酯类信号分子（AHLs）对污泥特性的影响研究.结果表明添加30mg/L辛酰基高丝氨酸内酯（C8-HSL）可对颗粒污泥沉降性能产生长期影响,能够有效控制高负荷UASB中ANAMMOX颗粒污泥上浮.仅在实验初期（0~20d）向反应器R2中添加C8-HSL,在实验进行至100d时R2中颗粒污泥B-EPS含量相比对照组R1降低15%,PN/PS值由4.22下降至2.14,同时污泥颗粒表面疏水性提高了26%,因此R2中颗粒污泥的沉降性能大幅提高（颗粒污泥密度增加了24%,沉速提高了90%）.实验进行至100d,R2未发生较明显污泥上浮现象,此时氮容积负荷NLR为12.9kg-TN/（m³·d）,氮容积去除率NRR高达11.3kg-TN/（m³·d）,氮去除率达88%.己酰基高丝氨酸内酯（C6-HSL）可使污泥颗粒的活性有所提高,而十二烷酰基高丝氨酸内酯（C12-HSL）则对高负荷反应器中颗粒污泥的特性没有影响.     

安全监督HSE能力评价体系研究与应用

为了有效评价安全监督HSE能力,本文以安全监督HSE能力是一个复杂系统为出发点,在对安全监督HSE能力影响因素分析和安全监督深入访谈的基础上,初拟指标后对指标体系进行问卷咨询,确定了监督能力、监督业绩和监督效果3个维度的评价体系,包括3个一级指标,14个二级指标,29个三级指标,并应用层次分析法确定了各级指标的隶属度和权重值。最后通过应用实践验证,形成的安全监督HSE能力评价体系,可为安全监督HSE能力的培训、派驻及考核晋级提供参考依据。