掺Ni2+的TiO2颗粒光催化性能的研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂Ni2 的纳米TiO2,并用XRD和TEM进行了表征,发现Ni2 的掺杂减小了TiO2颗粒的粒径,Ni2 /TiO2晶型为锐钛型.通过对目标物罗丹明B的光催化降解实验,发现Ni2 的掺杂提高了TiO2的光催化活性,其降解罗丹明B的反应遵从一级反应动力学方程,Ni2 惨杂量为1.2%时的光催化活性最高.     

中央空调净化系统的改进措施

介绍了室内空气净化技术及其特点。针对中央空调系统的特点，提出了将活性炭吸附技术、TiO2光催化技术与静电除尘技术结合的静电活性炭-TiO2光催化复合技术，这一组合技术可能成为今后空调系统空气净化系统重要的改进措施。     

负载型TiO2在印染废水降解中的失活及原因分析

研究了负载型TiO2光催化剂在印染废水降解中的失活及其产生的原因。实验结果说明，催化剂活性下降的主要原因有：废水中不溶于水的染料等悬浮物和催化反应中产生的无定形碳在催化剂表面的吸附；高含量的无机离子对催化剂活性位的占据或在表面的沉积；长时间的使用和反复冲洗使TiO2负载量减少。通过同时采用灼烧和酸洗的方法可以使TiO2的活性恢复到新催化剂的69．5％。     

负载型Ti02／活性炭光催化灭活大肠杆菌（E．coli）的研究

以大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli JM 109）为研究对象，通过细菌的灭活实验研究负载型TiO2／活性炭（TiO2／AC）的灭菌性能，并利用XRD、BET和SEM对材料的晶型、晶粒尺寸、比表面积和吸附在材料上的细菌分布形态及数量进行分析。结果表明：吸附在TiO：／AC上的大肠杆菌数比吸附在活性炭和TiO2都多。TiO2／AC对E．coli光催化灭活率比TiO2粉末和P25高，制备材料的热处理温度500℃和光催化反应中光强40W都分别使TiO2／AC的光催化活性达到最大，在光催化灭活E．coli过程中，KH2PO4使催化剂活性降低程度比NaHCO3大，而两者使TiO2／AC催化活性降低程度比Ti02小，但NaHCO3对催化活性的影响是可逆的。     

石英棒负载TiO2光催化膜的制备、表征与降解性能

利用浸涂法在石英光导棒上制得了TiO2光催化膜.用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法对膜的形貌和晶相组成进行了表征,以苯酚为模型污染物考察了膜的活性.结果表明,所制得的TiO2膜催化剂主要由锐钛矿和金红石2种晶相组成;光催化降解苯酚的效果明显优于直接光解;当苯酚初始浓度为0.98 mg/L时,反应2.5 h后的降解率为86%.     

ZnO-ZnCr2O4混合金属氧化物的制备及其光催化降解双酚A

采用共沉淀法制备前驱体ZnCr-LDH,并在不同煅烧温度下制备ZnCr混合金属氧化物(ZnCr-MMO).同时,利用XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、PL、UV-vis等对样品的结构、形貌、光学性能进行表征分析.最后,在模拟太阳光照射下,通过光催化降解双酚A研究材料的光催化活性.结果表明,所制备的混合金属氧化物由ZnO和ZnCr_2O_4组成,煅烧温度越高,结晶度越高;与ZnCr-LDH相比,ZnCr-MMO的紫外-可见吸收光谱在紫外和可见光范围均有较强的吸收;随着煅烧温度的升高,ZnCr-MMO荧光光谱强度先减弱后增强;与ZnCr-LDH相比,ZnCr-MMO的光催化活性明显提高,煅烧温度为700℃时制得的ZnCr-MMO光催化活性最高,对BPA的降解率达到75%;该催化剂适于处理pH为5~9的含BPA的废水.     

Influences of pH value in deposition-precipitation synthesis process on Pt-doped TiO2 catalysts for photocatalytic oxidation of NO

This work has been undertaken to study the influences of pH value on the characteristics and activity of photocatalyst by deposition-precipitation method during its preparation process. A series of Pt-modified TiO₂ were prepared by deposition-precipitation method at different pH values as well as wet impregnation method, and characterized by XRD, XPS, TEM, UV-Vis and photoluminescence (PL). It was found that the catalysts had the highest photocatalytic activity for NO conversion when pH value was kept at around 7. And the sample prepared by deposition-precipitation method showed higher activity than that by impregnation method. This was mainly due to their high value in highly-dispersed platinum oxides (PtOx) content on the surface of the catalysts. The results from UV-Vis absorption showed that highest absorbance was obtained for Pt/TiO₂ prepared at pH values of around 7. And PL spectra results indicated that the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes of the samples prepared by deposition-precipitation method was lower than that prepared by impregnation method. And in the zeta potential study, the pH values for the isoelectric point of the preparing slurry of 0.05 wt.%Pt/TiO₂ and 0.5 wt.%Pt/TiO₂ were determined to be 6.5-8.5, which further confirmed the enrichment of PtOx dopants for the catalysts repapered when pH value was around 7.     

Response surface methodology analysis of the photocatalytic removal of Methylene Blue using bismuth vanadate prepared via polyol route

Visible-light driven photocatalyst bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) photocatalyst was synthesized by the polyol route using ethylene glycol. The precipitate was washed, dried and calcined at 450℃ for 3 hr. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), zeta potential, surface area (BET method) and band gap energy via diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The synthesized BiVO₄ has a monoclinic phase with a surface area of 4.3 m²/g and a band gap energy of 2.46 eV. A majority of the particles were in the range of 90-130 nm as obtained from the particle size distribution histrogram. The efficiency of the sample as a visible-light driven photocatalyst was examined by photodegrading Methylene Blue (MB). The effects of some operational photodegradation parameters such as mass loading, initial dye concentration and pH were also examined. Experimental design methodology was applied by response surface modeling and optimization of the removal of MB. The multivariate experimental design was employed to develop a quadratic model as a functional relationship between the percentage removal of MB and three experimental factors (BiVO₄ loading, MB initial concentration and pH). The percentage removal of MB approached 67.21% under optimized conditions. In addition, a satisfactory goodness-of-fit was achieved between the predictive and the experimental results.     

饮用水原水中微量阿特拉津去除方法试验研究

饮用水中微量有机物的污染是关系饮用水生态安全的重要问题。以饮用水中微量的内分泌干扰类除草剂阿特拉津为研究对象,分别采用微生物降解技术和光催化氧化技术对其进行降解,考察温度对阿特拉津降解效果的影响。研究结果表明：阿特拉津浓度为1 mg/L时,3种温度条件下,除锰功能菌MB4对阿特拉津均有明显的去除效果,降解时间为7 d时,阿特拉津的去除率达到65%。底物浓度为200 μg/L,3种温度条件下,活性炭负载二氧化钛（TiO₂/PAC）催化剂光降解阿特拉津30 min时,其去除率均达到90%。光催化氧化技术协同微生物降解技术在饮用水中微量的内分泌干扰物的去除中有广阔的应用前景。     

负载型混晶相TiO2光催化剂的低温制备及其光催化活性

以蒙皂石为载体,钛酸四丁酯为前驱物,在较低温度下由溶胶凝胶法制备得到负载型TiO₂光催化剂。研究了理论负载量、固定化温度、干燥、焙烧温度对TiO₂/蒙皂石复合光催化剂光催化性能的影响。采用XRD分析技术对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,负载的TiO₂以锐钛矿-金红石的混晶相存在。当TiO₂理论负载量为15 mmol/g、溶胶反应温度为25℃、干燥温度为70℃时,TiO₂/蒙皂石复合光催化剂对偶氮染料光催化反应1 h降解率达93.40%。该制备技术的特点是在省去高温焙烧的条件下,制备出光催化活性高的负载型光催化剂。