“New roads – new goals. Positions of feminist planning”. Frei.Räume no. 10, edited by the German FOPA (feminist organisation of (female) planners and architects) in 1998

This Translations contribution presents the 10th issue of the series Frei.Räume (in English: Free spaces), edited by the German Feminist Organisation of (female) Planners and Architects (FOPA) in 1998. The issue was titled “New roads – new goals. Positions of feminist planning” and reflected the contemporary discussions on the state of the art of feminism, gender and planning. While progress was recognized, many authors felt uncomfortable with the ways that feminist concerns had been implemented into planning, and they were looking for ways forward. Among the authors were the most important protagonists of the debates at the time. Looking at the issue today, it becomes clear that many concerns are as up to date as they were in the late 1990s, although circumstances have changed. The paper argues that it is worthwhile to pay attention to these feminist debates in order to develop future strategies for feminism in planning.     

Management of sustainability transitions through planning in shrinking resource city contexts: an evaluation of Yubari City,Japan

This paper evaluates the planning competences required to enact a managed transition to sustainability at the municipal level for cities facing population, economic and employment decline. Drawing on the ‘shrinking cities’ literature, we argue consolidation of the built environment can become a focal point for sustaining citizen welfare when transitioning cities that are facing decline, especially those previously reliant on resource industries. We evaluate the former coal mining city of Yubari, Japan, which is developing a consolidated urban form with the aim of creating a ‘sustainable’ future city. Findings from interviews and content analysis of Yubari’s planning policy indicate, however, that to translate ‘shrinking’ a city into a managed transition, spatial planning must be accompanied by a wider range of social policy measures and strong cross-sectoral engagement. We also caution that the unique geographical and political context of Yubari mean its model may not be directly replicable in other contexts.     

A responsibility–accountability framework for private sector use of a World Heritage Area

The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a natural asset of global significance, spanning 2600?km’s along the Australian coastline. On the southern tip of the GBR is the Gladstone region, where high levels of industrial activity have been juxtaposed with the natural wonder, and World Heritage Listed, GBR. Given these competing local priorities, this research explores local perceptions of the GBR and its management. Exploratory analysis of 38 interviews with residents and stakeholders from Gladstone revealed a potential incongruence between environmental concern and support for more stringent management of the tourism and resources sectors on the GBR. A responsibility–accountability framework (RAF) for managing the use and protection of the GBR is developed by drawing on current theoretical frameworks and the results of the interviews. Importantly the framework highlights the importance of business responsibility combined with monitoring and control mechanisms to ensure accountability and to deliver transparency, education and partnership. Future research should apply the RAF for testing and application in other marine World Heritage Area contexts.     

Implementation of the ecosystem services approach in Swedish municipal planning

While ecosystem-based planning approaches are increasingly promoted through international and national policies, municipalities are still struggling with translating them into practice. Against this background, this paper aims to increase the knowledge of current advances and possible ways to support the implementation of the ecosystem services (ES) approach at the municipal level. More specifically, we analyze how ES have been integrated into comprehensive planning within the municipality of Malmö in Sweden over the last 60 years, a declared forerunner in local environmental governance. Based on a content analysis of comprehensive plans over the period 1956–2014 and interviews with municipal stakeholders, this paper demonstrates how planning has shifted over time toward a more holistic view of ES and their significance for human well-being and urban sustainability. Both explicit and implicit applications of the ES concept were found in the analyzed comprehensive plans and associated programs and projects. Our study shows how these applications reflect international, national, and local policy changes, and indicates how municipalities can gradually integrate the ES approach into comprehensive planning and facilitate the transition from implicit to more explicit knowledge use.     

Planning for compact urban forms: local growth-management approaches and their evolution over time

Urban growth is a key issue for spatial planning as it influences urban patterns and disrupts open landscapes. To effectively steer urban growth towards compact urban forms, many growth-management policies have been developed over recent decades. However, few studies have assessed how municipal policy mixes have evolved over time. In our representative Swiss-wide survey, we evaluated the prevalence and the time of introduction of 18 policies. Our results indicate that large municipalities use a broad range of reinforcing policies over decades. In contrast, small municipalities mostly rely on conventional land-use regulations. The lack of innovative, incentive-based policies casts doubt on small municipalities' ability to effectively manage urban growth. However, our analyses reveal recent efforts by small municipalities to diversify approaches to growth management and adopt innovative policies. These efforts should be supported by guiding small municipalities in their policy choices, and providing support to those lacking planning capacity.     

浅谈石化企业体系审核策划的增值

从审核方案策划和审核实施策划两个方面就审核策划的增值方案制订、实施方式和途径进行了探讨。     

大庆油田景观生态规划研究

通过大庆油田景观生态现状调查,分析存在的景观生态环境问题,提出切合实际的景观生态规划目标和原则,综合考虑油田生产设施用地、城镇用地、耕地、草地、林地、湿地以及未利用土地等因素,制定以土地利用类型、方式、强度和布局调整及生态基础设施建设为主的规划措施,旨在维护油田景观生态格局在区域背景下的功能和结构的完整和健康,强化景观生态系统生物生产、环境服务和文化支持的功能,实现油田生产与生态环境和谐共生。     

低冲击发展模式下水源地保护的新路径

中国水源地保护与城镇发展矛盾较为突出。在现有水源保护区分级管理制度下,仅对排污口控制,不足以保障水源地安全。在污染物排放破坏水源地环境的表象下,水源地城镇的功能布局和建设方式是影响水源地安全的本质原因,而相关的管控措施十分缺乏。低冲击发展模式是城市与自然和谐相处的一种发展模式,它有利于保障水的健康循环,减轻水污染及保护水源地生态环境,是从根本上保护水源地安全的规划途径之一。因此,水源地保护应在全流域视角下,采取低冲击发展模式对建设进行合理引导。     

我国环境规划的回顾与展望

本文回顾了我国环境规划的发展历程,指出在我国环境规划是一门新兴的学科分支.20年来经过了孕育时期和探索时期,“七五”期间得到较快的发展进入了发展时期。环境规划成为我国环境科学和环境管理工作中的重要组成部分,在我国环境科学工作中发挥了先导作用。文章用大量实例总结了环境规划方法的进展,说明了随着环境规划的迅速发展,我国环境规划方法论也逐步得到完善和丰富,初步形成了一个完整的体系。文章最后展望了我国环境规划的发展趋势,分析了环境规划未来发展的新特点。