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排序方式: 共有1613条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
基于浙江4个典型海湾潮间带表层沉积物重金属元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cd、Hg、As和多氯联苯(PCB)的调查结果,探究其污染特征、潜在生态风险和来源.结果表明,海湾潮间带表层沉积物Cd、Hg、As、PCB含量均符合国家海洋沉积物质量Ⅰ类标准;42%、9%、3%、12%站位的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr符合国家海洋沉积物质量II类标准,1%站位的Cu和Zn符合国家海洋沉积物质量III类标准.区域污染程度(PLIzone)依次为乐清湾 > 三门湾 > 象山港 > 杭州湾,乐清湾潮间带沉积环境为中等污染,杭州湾、象山港和三门湾潮间带沉积环境无污染.区域生态风险(RI)依次为乐清湾 > 杭州湾 > 三门湾 > 象山港,乐清湾和杭州湾潮间带沉积物为中潜在生态风险,三门湾和象山港潮间带沉积物为低潜在生态风险.Cd是首要的潜在生态风险因子,Cd对杭州湾、象山港、三门湾、乐清湾潜在生态风险指数(RI)的贡献分别为63%、54%、58%和55%.生活污水、工农业和交通污染是浙江典型海湾潮间带重金属和PCB的主要来源. 相似文献
2.
为研究垃圾焚烧厂运行对周边土壤二 英类化合物(PCDD/Fs)含量的影响,采集了珠三角地区某垃圾焚烧厂投产前和投产后周边土壤样品,分析研究了该垃圾焚烧厂运行对周边土壤中PCDD/Fs含量和组分的变化.结果表明:①2012年(投产前)珠三角地区某垃圾焚烧厂周边土壤PCDD/Fs含量较低,范围为163~591 ng/kg(毒性当量范围为0.198~0.863 ng I-TEQ/kg,I-TEQ为国际毒性当量因子折算的毒性当量值);2017—2019年(投产后)周边土壤PCDD/Fs含量范围为151~1.75×103 ng/kg(毒性当量范围为0.812~3.88 ng I-TEQ/kg),与其他研究相比处于较低的水平.②投产后,距该垃圾焚烧厂较近(1.5 km)的采样点(S1)土壤PCDD/Fs含量逐年增长,在较远(5.2 km)但人口较密集的采样点(S3)土壤PCDD/Fs含量整体较高,但呈逐年下降趋势.③投产后,土壤中的17种PCDD/Fs单体组分中,毒性当量贡献率最高的单体为八氯二苯并二 英(OCDD)和2,3,4,7,8-五氯二苯并呋喃(2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF),二者毒性当量贡献率范围为15.7%~45.4%.④在同一采样点土壤PCDD/Fs单体组分年间差异不明显,但同一年份不同采样点差异明显.研究显示,目前该垃圾焚烧厂周边土壤PCDD/Fs含量较低,但仍需要长期监测其可能带来的风险. 相似文献
3.
环境样品中 PCBs 的测定 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
通过碱解、酸洗、萃取、净化、浓缩、脱硫等步骤处理实际样品,利用毛细管柱GC/ECD进行PCBs的定性和定量.方法定性准确,定量良好,具有较高的回收率.各同系物的方法检出限,水样为0.01~0.08ng/L;土壤样为0.003~0.03μg/kg,可以应用于土壤、沉积物、水样、油样等环境样品中PCBs的测定 相似文献
4.
Tansy CL Senthilkumar K Pastva SD Kannan K Bowerman WW Masunaga S Giesy JP 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,83(1):17-33
In South Carolina, U.S.A., mink have been reintroduced from two apparently healthy populations to areas where populations haveexisted in the past but have been extirpated. High mortality wasobserved during transport of mink from the source populations. Inorder to elucidate the potential effects of dioxin-like compoundson the survival and reproduction of mink, concentrations of totalpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p-DDE, dioxin-likePCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), anddibenzofurans (PCDFs) were measured in livers of mink collectedfrom the source populations in South Carolina and Louisiana. Concentrations of total 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinequivalents (TEQs) for the South Carolina and Louisiana mink were21 and 14 pg g-1, wet wt., respectively. PCB and TEQ concentrations were close to the threshold values that can, under laboratory conditions, elicit toxic effects in ranchmink. Therefore, any additional exposures of these populations toTEQs might adversely affect their populations. 相似文献
5.
A. M. Cicero M. Mecozzi R. Morlino D. Pellegrini E. Veschetti 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2001,71(3):297-316
Dredging is a very important procedure for harbor management. InItaly the guidelines for the offshore dumping of dredged materials are issued by the Ministry of Environment. Theydescribed a few steps of dredging activities, such as thesampling strategy, but do not deal with limits or guide-valuesfor the chemical, physical and biological composition of theresulting sediments. The quality of dredged materials is mainlydependent on the presence of inorganic and organic pollutants.In particular, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organo-chlorinated pesticides are seen as a high priority inmarine environment by international organizations because oftheir persistence, toxicity and bioaccumulation capacity.In this article the presence of some PCBs and organo-chlorinatedpesticides in sediment samples collected from the harbor ofLivorno (Northern Tyrrhenian Sea) was investigated. Theconcentration of HCHs, Aldrin, Chlordanes, DDEs, DDTs, and PCBsin 12 representative sites ranged between <1 g kg–1and 95, 19, 32, 35, 107, and 111 g kg–1, respectively.The application of univariate and multivariate statisticaltechniques, such as linear regression analysis and principalcomponent analysis, to the experimental data showed a differentdistribution of PCBs in the two sediment layers. On thecontrary, the vertical distribution of the other investigatedpollutants was more homogeneous and affected by randomvariability. The multivariate approach was an important tool to establish more rational criteria for the management of dredged materials. 相似文献
6.
ZHANG Jian-ying QIU Li-min HE Jia LIAO Yuan LUO Yong-ming College of Environmental Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou China. Soil Environment Bioremediation Research Center Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,(3)
A total of 198 agricultural soil samples were collected from Zhangjiagang and Changshu in Southern Jiangsu for analysis of 13 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in order to assess the levels of pollution, sources, area distribution, and potential risk for the environment. All methods were rigorously tested and an adequate quality control was ensured. Only one site had no PCBs residues, and the highest total PCBs concentration in the surface soils was 32.83 ng/g. The average concentration in all the soil samples was 4.13 ng/g, signaling low-level pollution. Tetra-, penta-, and hexa-chlorinated biphenyls were dominant species in soil samples, accounting for more than 75% ofΣPCBs in the soil samples. PCB118 was the most abundant congener in all the samples. The PCB118 was about 20% ofΣPCBs. The soil organic matter content showed only a weak correlation with the levels of all PCB congeners, in which a better correlation was noted for the more volatile lighter PCB congeners than for the heavier homologues. To a certain extent, the sources and land use seemed to influence the levels of PCBs. 相似文献
7.
8.
Determinationofpolychlorinatedbiphenylcongenersinenvironmentalsamples¥ChuShaogang;YangChun;XuXiaobai(ResearchCenterforEco-Env... 相似文献
9.
对白洋淀地区不同类型纸厂排水口底泥及保定市排污渠底泥进行了GC/ECD分析,可萃取有机氯(EOCl)含量测定,检出了多氯联苯和有机氯农药。用截止分子量为1000道尔顿的透析袋方法对相应地区的水体进行了检测,发现水体中可检出含氯农药六六六,但多氯联苯等由于水中存在浓度低未能检出,同样样品的GC/MS/COM结果表明,水体中主要存在的亲脂性有机污染物为:蒽酮、蒽二酮、苯胺、氯代烃、邻苯二甲酸酯类和苯系物。 相似文献
10.