旋风静电除尘器流场分布测试研究

利用五孔探针系统对直筒式旋风静电除尘器模型的三维流场进行了测定与分析.结果表明:随着入口风速、供电电压增加,旋风静电除尘器内气流的切向和径向速度分别增加,各截面轴向速度沿半径的分布基本相似;与旋风除尘器相比,旋风静电除尘器内气流的切向速度和径向速度的变化更为平缓,入口风速为8.5 m/s时,在0.3～0.5倍简体直径时,切向速度达最大.     

光色素作为荧光探针的直接荧光免疫法检测环境中的萘

以光色素为荧光探针,将其标记到萘抗体上,采用直接荧光免疫分析的方法,对土壤环境中的萘(NA)进行了检测。优化了试验条件,选择洗涤液PBST的pH值为7.40,温育时间为2h,抗原浓度为40.0μg/ml,标记抗体的稀释比为1∶20为最佳的实验条件。在此条件下,得到萘的标准工作曲线。线性范围是1.00×10-7～1.00×10-2 mg/ml,最低检出限为5.03×10-8mg/ml。并将这种方法检测了三种土样(即处理过生活污水、电镀废水以及印染废水的活性污泥)中的萘,回收率在97.53%～107.6%之间,结果令人满意。     

Comparison of Field Performance of Multiple Soil Moisture Sensors in a Semi‐Arid Rangeland1

Abstract:  Automated electronic soil moisture sensors, such as time domain reflectometry (TDR) and capacitance probes are being used extensively to monitor and measure soil moisture in a variety of scientific and land management applications. These sensors are often used for a wide range of soil moisture applications such as drought forage prediction or validation of large‐scale remote sensing instruments. The convergence of three different research projects facilitated the evaluation and comparison of three commercially available electronic soil moisture probes under field application conditions. The sensors are all installed in shallow soil profiles in a well instrumented small semi‐arid shrub covered subwatershed in Southeastern Arizona. The sensors use either a TDR or a capacitance technique; both of which indirectly measure the soil dielectric constant to determine the soil moisture content. Sensors are evaluated over a range of conditions during three seasons comparing responses to natural wetting and drying sequences and using water balance and infiltration simulation models. Each of the sensors responded to the majority of precipitation events; however, they varied greatly in response time and magnitude from each other. Measured profile soil moisture storage compared better to water balance estimates when soil moisture in deeper layers was accounted for in the calculations. No distinct or consistent trend was detected when comparing the responses from the sensors or the infiltration model to individual precipitation events. The results underscore the need to understand how the sensors respond under field application and recognize the limitations of soil moisture sensors and the factors that can affect their accuracy in predicting soil moisture in situ.     

构建区域性安全科技支撑体系的探索

笔者针对特定区域安全生产的特点,提出了构建区域性安全科技支撑体系的宏观构架。其主要思路为根据地域、产业、经济、环境等条件的不同和各地安全生产形势、重大事故类型的特点,针对一个特定区域,尤以江苏省区域为背景,也可扩展至整个华东地区,在国家法律法规的框架内,探讨其区域性安全生产科技支撑体系,研究高危行业特别是危险化学品安全监测预警技术平台、安全生产监管的科技服务平台、重大危险源监控技术平台、应急救援技术支撑平台等四大平台的建设思路。     

HSE管理体系初探

健康 (Health)、安全 (Safety)与环境 (Enviroment)管理体系 (简称 HSE管理体系 )是国际石油天然气工业通行的管理办法。通过学习 ,理解 HSE管理体系的由来、指导原则、关键要素及其相互关系 ;建立运行机制和规范管理的方法 ;提出了推行 HSE管理体系指南及注意事项 ;探讨了滇黔桂石油勘探局建立 HSE管理体系的实践活动和改进措施     

Characterisation and Nanomechanical Properties of Ink-Jet Media Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Commercial inkjet media is increasingly used in daily life; this use ranges from offices to digital photography. The impact that the development of this technology has had on the paper industry has been phenomenal. However, an increasing amount of paper is discarded and it is often after the introduction of complex chemical ink within its substrate. The understanding of the interactions between the layer of coated media and ink can be used to further understand and develop technology for the use of recycling office and photo papers. This paper presents the innovative concept in characterizing the surface of the inkjet media by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Comparisons are made between the data obtained from both atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the receptive layer and surface analysis software that was used to obtain surface characteristics. In this study the hardness and force of interaction has also been examined by the means of nanoindentation measurements using silicon nitride cantilever tips and forces of interaction between a selection of colloid probes and the receptive layer of the inkjet media. The effect of loading force on indentation was studied in terms of approach of impact and type of media tested.     

利用电子探针研究水泥净浆中Cd和Ni的分布特征

模拟水泥窑高温煅烧掺有Cd、Ni化学试剂的水泥生料,由制取的水泥熟料制备水泥净浆片.通过电子探针的点、线、面分析,研究了水泥净浆中Cd、Ni的整体分布和在不同矿物相中的具体分布特征.结果表明,Cd、Ni在水泥净浆中均出现了富集现象:元素分布图像显示Cd主要赋存于水化氢氧化钙(CH)晶体中,主要以Cd/Ca氢氧化物形式存...     

植物体超氧阴离子自由基不同检测方法的比较

应用顺磁共振波谱仪(EPR)自旋捕获法、羟胺氧化法、二氢乙锭(DHE)荧光探针和硝基四氮唑蓝(NBT)原位显色法,分别检测了暴露于梯度镉(Cd)溶液2 d后的水稻幼苗根叶组织超氧阴离子自由基(O.-2)的变化水平.结果表明,0—60 mg.L-1Cd诱导了O2.-随着Cd剂量的增加而升高,高于此剂量范围则呈现下降趋势.4种方法的检测结果基本一致,但前两种方法更适用于定量O2.-的生成水平,而后两种显色方法仅能反映O2.-的变化趋势,难以精确定量.因此,可以选择性地应用4种方法揭示暴露于污染物的植物组织O2.-的响应水平.     

CdSe量子点的合成及其在重金属离子检测中的应用

以3-巯基丙酸（3-MPA）为修饰剂合成了水溶性CdSe量子点,优化了合成条件,并以其为荧光探针建立了水样中Pb²⁺和Hg²⁺的检测方法。实验结果表明：在n（Se）∶n（Cd²⁺）为1∶6、n（Se）∶n（NaBH₄）为1∶3、n（Cd²⁺）∶n（3-MPA）为1∶6、反应pH为11、回流温度为100 ℃、回流时间为60 min的优化条件下合成的量子点荧光性能较优;量子点的荧光猝灭强度与Pb²⁺或Hg²⁺的质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围分别为0.005~10 mg/L和0.001~1 mg/L,检出限分别为0.003 mg/L和0.001 mg/L,相对标准偏差分别为1.23%和1.29%,可应用于实际水样中Pb²⁺和Hg²⁺的检测。     

大鼠类Alu重复序列的克隆及其在染色体DNA突变分析中的应用

从大鼠低Ｃｏｔ值ＤＮＡ文库分离到一种类Ａｌｕ的重复序列,命名为ＲＡＬＲＳ－１。对ＲＡＬＲＳ－１克隆并进行了测序,长度为２８３ｂｐ,发现其中含有单一的微卫星（ｍｉｃｒｏｓａｔｅｌｌｉｔｅ）序列ＡＧ,ＡＧＧ和ＡＧＧＧ。ＲＡＬＲＳ－１ＤＮＡ序列在大鼠单倍体基因组中的拷贝数为１５００００～３３００００。依ＲＡＬＲＳ－１中的一段序列合成了一２８寡核苷酸探针（ＡＧＧＧ）７,对大鼠正常组织和肿瘤组织ＤＮＡ指数谱