Insights into a novel nitrogen removal process based on simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD) following nitritation with in-situ NOB elimination

Simultaneous anammox and denitrification(SAD) is an efficient approach to treat wastewater having a low C/N ratio; however, few studies have investigated a combination of SAD and partial nitritation(PN). In this study, a lab-scale up-flow blanket filter(UBF) and zeolite sequence batch reactor(ZSBR) were continuously operated to implement SAD and PN advantages, respectively. The UBF achieved a high total nitrogen(TN) removal efficiency of over 70% during the start-up stage(days 1–50), and reached...     

可见分光光度法测定水质总氮的研究

水质总氮检测,对水资源保护、环境保护至关重要。文章以此为中心,对水质总氮检测方法进行改进,并从实验原理、消解速度、线性、准确性、干扰等方面进行分析讨论,提出了一种水质总氮检测的新方法。     

SCR脱硝装置关键断面的流场试验及系统优化

选择性催化还原脱硝是NO X治理最佳技术,其脱硝效率、氨逃逸率与关键断面的流场状况密切相关。以某300 MW机组SCR脱硝装置为对象,在锅炉冷态通风条件下,对SCR反应器入口导流板出口、上层及中层催化剂床层上方0.5 m处3个断面进行流场测试,结果表明:沿烟气流动方向,3个断面A/B侧相对偏差系数分别为0.33/0.40、0.27/0.29、0.16/0.18,均呈现甲乙侧均匀,而前后墙差异大的特点。由于格栅、床层的整流作用,后续烟气流动的均匀性不断改善。通过建立全尺寸三维计算模型,CFD数值模拟优化结果显示,对非等距布置后墙的18个整流格栅逐渐加高,可使上层催化剂床层上方0.5 m处速度偏差从27.0%降到12.2%。     

Effects of La,Ce on nitrogen removal in sequencing batch reactor

Batch experiments were conducted to study the short-term biological effects of rare earth ions (La³⁺, Ce³⁺) and their mixture on the nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The data showed that higher NH⁺₄―N removal rate, total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency, and denitrification efficiency were achieved at lower concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs) (<1mg/L). In the first hour of the aeration stage of SBR, the presence of REEs increased the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency and NH⁺₄―N removal efficiency by 15.7% and 10%―15%, respectively. When the concentrations of REEs were higher than 1mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency decreased, and nitrate was found to accumulate in the effluent. When the concentrations of REEs was up to 50.0mg/L, the total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency was less than 30% of the control efficiency with a high level of nitrate. Lower concentrations of REEs were found to accelerate the nitrogen conversion and removal in SBR.     

厌氧迁移式污泥床反应器的水力特性研究

采用脉冲示踪法以NH4Cl作示踪剂,通过其在反应器中的停留时间分布来研究厌氧迁移式污泥床反应器(AMBR)的水力特性。反应器的结构决定了反应器的流态,从而控制着可能达到的处理效率。为优化设计反应器结构研究了反应器的构型、导流板与器壁间距对水力特性的影响。研究发现,反应器的流态介于推流式和完全混合式之间,带有导流板的反应器推流程度更大一些,而底部有孔的反应器推流程度弱,反应器的水力死区较小,均小于20%;导流板与器壁间距为8 mm时最佳。     

Human factors applied to alarm panel modernization of nuclear control room

Human factors deal with issues related to humans, their behavior and the physical aspect of the environment in which they work. A control room is a complex system where operators perform plant operation using control systems and carry out monitoring and administrative responsibilities. For safe operation of industrial installation, the performance of the control room crew plays an important role. In this respect, a well designed control room is crucial for safe and efficient operation. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodological framework applied to nuclear control room evaluation, through participatory ergonomics, using operator activity analysis and human factors questionnaire as aid tools. We describe a case study in which the methodology framework was used in the evaluation process of a nuclear control room. The information gathered made possible a series of recommendation for the adequacy of the control room design, assisting in the safety assessment of the nuclear plant operation and justifying the alarm panel modernization.     

废水厌氧处理工艺的发展

分析了厌氧工艺的产生和发展的原因,介绍了厌氧反应器的第1代、第2代和第3代反应器的发展内容和过程.     

苯酐生产氧化反应器组火灾爆炸危险性分析与对策

为预防苯酐生产中最危险部位氧化反应器组发生火灾、爆炸事故 ,详细分析了苯酐生产中氧化反应器组各部位的火灾、爆炸危险性 ,在危险性分析基础上 ,提出了可行的安全对策与措施 ,对苯酐装置的安全生产和管理具有重要的指导意义和参考价值     

ABR+生物接触氧化法处理高浓度有毒有机废水

本文采用ABR+生物接触氧化组合工艺处理含苯酚的高COD有毒有机废水,实验研究了ABR反应器的抗毒性及对COD、苯酚和NH3-N的处理效果。实验结果表明:废水COD和苯酚的去除主要发生在厌氧阶段;在苯酚质量浓度1 000 mg/L左右时,ABR反应器和常规厌氧反应器的处理效率均出现明显的下降趋势,但ABR反应器对苯酚的耐受浓度明显高于常规厌氧反应器;相比于常规厌氧反应器,ABR反应器推流式的特性实现了产酸和产甲烷优势菌群的分离,具有较高的COD、苯酚的去除率和较强的抗毒性;对NH3-N的去除,ABR反应器的强化效果不明显。     

USSB厌氧反应器-好氧工艺处理生活污水

对上流式分段污泥床(Upflow Staged Sludge Bed)反应器与好氧组合工艺处理生活污水进行了试验研究。结果表明：当生活污水中COD、氨氮和总磷(rP)质量浓度分别在100～580mg／L、13．4～33．6mg／L和1．6～10．8mg／L2之间变化时。经该组合工艺处理后,三者的去除率分别在77％、53．4％和51．4％以上,出水中COD和Nng—N浓度达到GB8978—1996一级排放标准,即浓度也基本达到GB8978—1996二级排放标准,取得了良好的运行效果。