Alga-lysing bioreactor and the dominant bacteria strain

Alga-lysing bacteria have been paid much attention to in recent years. In this study, the alga-lysing strain P05 which was isolated from an immobilizing biosystem was immobilized by coke and elastic filler, forming two biological reactors. The removal efficiencies of algae, NH3-N and organic matter using the two reactors were studied. The results showed that strain P05 was an ideal algal-lysing bacteria strain because it was easy to be immobilized by coke and elastic filler which are of cheap, low biodegradability and the simple immobilization procedure. After 7 d filming, the biological film could be formed and the reactors were used to treat the eutrophic water. These two reactors were of stability and high effect with low cost and easy operation. The optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of each reactor was 4 h. The algae removal rates were 80.38% and 82.1% (in term of Chl-a) of coke reactor and filler reactor, respectively. And that of NH3-N were 52.3% and 52.7%. The removal rates of CODMn were 39.03% and 39.64%. The strain P05 was identified as Bacillus sp. by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, BLAST analysis, and comparison with sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database.     

Community analysis of ammonia and nitrite oxidizers in start-up of aerobic granular sludge reactor

A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was setup and the aerobic granular sludge was successfully incubated by using anaerobic granular sludge as seed sludge. Nitrogen was partially removed by simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) via nitrite with free ammonia (FA) of about 10 mg/L. The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used to investigate community structure of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and Nitrospira populations during start-up. The population sizes of bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira were examined using real-time PCR method. The analysis of community structure and Shannon index showed that stable structure of AOB population was obtained at the day 35, while the communities of α-Proteobacteria, β-Proteobacteria, and Nitrospira became stable after day 45. At stable stage, the average cell densities were 1.1×1012, 2.2×1010 and 1.0×1010 cells/L for bacteria, AOB and Nitrospira, respectively. The relationship between characteristics of nitrifying bacteria community and nitrogenous substrate utilization constant was discussed by calculating Pearson correlation. Certain correlation seemed to exist between population size, biodiversity, and degradation constant. And the influence of population size might be greater than that of biodiversity.     

低温供热堆选址阶段的环境影响评价与分析

根据低温供热堆选址阶段环境影响评价的要求,结合工程具体设计方案,对低温供热堆在正常运行和事故工况下可能造成的环境影响进行分析、预测与评价,以作为审管当局决策的重要依据.低温供热堆在正常运行状态时,放射性气载流出物在大气中迁移和扩散及对公众的辐射剂量估算采用的是IAEA安全系列19号报告中给出的筛选模式(稀释模式);事故...     

序批式厌氧反应器厌氧氨氧化渗滤液脱氮试验研究

通过接种具有厌氧氨氧化性能的污泥,采用序批式厌氧反应器(ASBR)处理垃圾渗滤液,研究水力停留时间(HRT)、pH、温度等对厌氧氨氧化反应过程的影响并确定各因素的最佳控制范围。结果表明,在本试验条件下,HRT、pH和温度的适宜范围分别为24 h、7.5~8.5和35℃。在此条件下,进水NH~+_4-N浓度为150 mg/L,NO~-_2-N浓度为160 mg/L,COD浓度为300 mg/L时,出水NH~+_4-N、NO~-_2-N、TN、COD平均浓度分别为15.5 mg/L、0.01mg/L、43.2 mg/L和152.1 mg/L,相对应的平均去除率分别为89.7%、99.9%、86.1%和47.6%。     

氯化铁对序批式生物膜反应器中磷去除的影响

为使废水中磷达到更好的去除效果,生物法与化学法结合(即BC法)是目前除磷的发展趋势,但絮凝剂对系统中微生物的影响研究仍较少.氯化铁是除磷过程中常用的絮凝剂,本试验主要研究了其对SBBR反应器中除磷效果的影响.结果表明,当进水TP质量浓度为2.34～7.13mg·L-1,每星期向反应器中投加一次氯化铁(投加质量浓度为3mgFeCl3·(L废水)-1时,反应器对TP的去除率在86.5%以上,出水质量浓度稳定在0.5mg·L-1以下,达到国家排放标准的一级A标准(GB18918-2002);过量的氯化铁则因抑制生物膜中微生物活性,不利于磷的去除.     

缺氧折流板反应器处理苯胺废水的研究

缺氧折流板反应器 (ABR)处理苯胺废水 ,提高了废水的可生化性。采用好氧预挂膜和快速排泥方法进行挂膜 ,缩短了装置启动时间。研究了 p H、温度及容积负荷等因素对反应器处理效果的影响 ,通过改变进水中 BOD与 COD不同浓度 ,测定缺氧折流板反应器改善生化性的能力。试验结果表明 ,装置能稳定运行 ,废水可生化性可提高 2 5 %     

ASBR法处理厨房垃圾的酸化研究

应用2阶段序批式厌氧反应器(ASBR)方法对厨房垃圾进行实验室规模酸化阶段的处理研究,结果表明:水解酸化反应器的最佳工况为:进料含固率8%、水力停留时间(HRT)5d,负荷为16g(TS)/(L·d);水解相产酸效率与HRT、pH值以及进料浓度有关;同时建议水解相的最佳pH值为4～5之间较适宜。     

两级浸没式生物膜中水系统分析

通过改变进水有机负荷,对两级串联浸没式生物膜污水处理装置的技术性能进行了研究.其内容涉及到:各级反应器的有机物去除分担率、过滤器的作用、单双级生物反应器比较等问题.结果表明:第一、二级反应器分别承担了溶解性有机物去除负荷的76%和24%;砂滤系统对前一级出水COD的去除率高达42%;在相同有机负荷下,相对单级反应器,双级反应器不但有机物去除率高,而且运行稳定.     

厌氧-水解反应器稳定运行的试验研究

采用造纸废水对厌氧水－水解反应器的启动、运行进行试验研究。结果表明，当ＭＬＶＳＳ在１５ｇ／Ｌ左右，ＣＯＤ容积负荷为１．４５ｋｇ／（ｍ＾３·ｄ），水力负荷为２．０ｍ＾３／（ｍ＾２·ｈ），水国停留时间为４ｈ，污泥颗粒化程度较高，反应器运行效果稳定可靠。     

ICAR-BF组合工艺处理猪粪废水的实验研究

采用有效容积为18L的内循环厌氧反应器(ICAR)和7.5L的生物滤池(BF)组合工艺处理猪粪废水,首先通过实验确定ICAR的水力停留时间(HRT),并使BF挂膜成功,在此基础上进行了组合工艺处理猪粪废水的研究。结果表明,在温度33±2℃I、CAR水力停留时间为6h、进水COD浓度为7000～8000mg/L时,组合工艺运行稳定;COD和NH3-N去除率分别在95%和93%左右,悬浮固体(SS)去除率在99%以上,是适于养殖场废水处理的一项新工艺。