KALMAN FILTER ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION OF DAILY STREAM FLOWS: II. APPLICATION TO THE POTOMAC RIVER1

Results are reported from an application of the state space formulation and the Kalman filter to real-time forecasting of daily river flows. It is shown that the application of filtering techniques improves the overall forecasting performance of the model. As is true for most hydrologic systems, the model is not completely known. Therefore, the procedures pertaining to on-line parameter and noise statistics estimation, as presented in the first paper, are implemented. The example in this paper shows that these techniques also perform satisfactorily when applied to a real-world situation.     

豆豉纤溶酶在枯草杆菌WB800中的高水平表达

一个来源于豆豉产生菌DC12的新的纤溶酶基因序列被克隆测序.为了实现在枯草杆菌中高水平表达豆豉纤溶酶,将来源于枯草杆菌168的重叠启动子P43序列以及转录终止信号序列通过重叠延伸融合,将融合序列克隆到大肠杆菌-枯草杆菌穿梭载体pBE3中,构建了pBEP43载体.将豆豉纤溶酶基因插入到载体pBEP43后转化枯草杆菌WB800.结果表明,在P43启动子驱动下,豆豉纤溶酶基因在重组菌中的对数生长期和平衡期均获得了表达且分泌到培养基中.重组菌经培养后上清液中的纤溶酶活性最高达1270U/mL,是豆豉纤溶酶基因在自身启动子驱动下表达量的1.87倍和野生菌株枯草杆菌DC12表达量的4.1倍.图5参16     

葡枝根霉(Rhizopus stolonifer)YF6脂肪酶基因的克隆及其序列分析

筛选并鉴定了1株高产脂肪酶菌株葡枝根霉YF6,并采用简并PCR等分子技术从中克隆到1个新的脂肪酶基因lipRs及其对应的全长cDNA,序列分析表明,该基因编码区全长1173bp,不含内含子序列,编码1段由26个氨基酸残基组成的信号肽和1个由365个氨基酸残基组成的成熟蛋白,该成熟蛋白计算分子量(Mr)为39268.27,等电点为pH7.66,有5个可能的N-糖基化位点,含有脂肪酶特征序列GHSLGGA,与来自米根霉(Rhizopus oryzae)的脂肪酶(AAF32408)同源性最高,一致性为83%,相似性为89%.该基因序列已提交GenBank,登录号为DQ139862.     

PCR技术对水中病原体的检测

水中有病毒、细菌、原生动物、蠕虫等多种病原体。常规的检测方法是用大肠菌作为病原体的指示生物,但是大肠菌的生存特性与病毒、原生动物差异较大,难以指示病毒、原生动物的存在与否。对每一种病原体单独进行检测,费时、费力。由于PCR技术具有快速、灵敏、特异的特点,使得它对于水中病原体的检测具有较高的应用价值。     

林可霉素菌渣堆肥抗生素抗性基因变化分析

为了研究抗生素菌渣堆肥过程中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的变化情况,以林可霉素菌渣-糠醛渣堆肥为研究对象,以污泥-糠醛渣堆肥为对照.运用荧光定量PCR技术检测到了堆肥过程中lnuA-01、sul1、ermA、ermB、ermC等5种林可霉素抗性基因和整合子基因intI1的变化情况.结果表明,堆肥化处理可以降解99%的林可霉素残留,两者堆肥ARGs总量绝对丰度均有较大增加,而相对丰度降低5%~22%.同时发现林可霉素菌渣堆肥有助于intI1的富集,表明林可霉素菌渣堆肥存在生态风险.冗余分析显示,ARGs变化受环境因子影响严重,影响顺序为pH值 > 林可霉素残留 > 温度 > C/N.     

基于全球定位系统(GPS)的电动车辆实时监控系统设计

电动汽车以其良好的环保效应和灵活多样的能源利用形式,已成为国际社会普遍公认的汽车工业的重要发展方向之一,作为凸显可持续发展理念和国家科技产业实力的窗口,电动汽车的规模化应用将成为彰显2008北京“绿色奥运、科技奥运”主题的鲜明标志。为确保电动汽车奥运应用的安全性与可靠性,笔者提出了基于GPS的电动车辆实时监控系统的总体设计。该系统由车载信息采集终端(OBICT)、车辆运行监控(VOP)和无线通讯网络(WCN)3个子系统构成,并能对电动汽车运行中的电池及关键部件工作状态、车辆位置等数据进行实时采集与传输。在给出系统总体结构设计的基础上,对该车载信息采集终端、车辆运行监控子系统的数据流程进行分析,并提出了相应的软/硬件架构技术、设计方法以及实现的功能。     

应急预警即时指令技术有效遏制事故发生

在化工企业中通过系统科学辨识危险源,针对危险源安全控制数据,采用OPC通讯接口标准,利用网关机和防火墙隔离技术,实现安全的与生产系统数据链接,建成危险源实时监控与应急预警信息系统的有效链接;通过Web实时画面对现场危险源数据进行监控,数据出现波动立即启动相应预案中的应急措施,利用移动公司的企信通服务,利用面向对象语言采用Socket接口编程,自主开发短信模块接口程序;通过系统调用预警模块实现短信监报功能,应用短信瞬间发布应急预警指令,为应急处理赢得时间,有效地遏制安全生产事故的发生。     

产毒微囊藻mcyA基因荧光定量PCR方法的建立

针对微囊藻毒素合成酶基因mcyA探索一种适用于自然水样中微囊藻毒素产毒潜能检测的TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR方法.该方法从铜绿微囊藻FACHB-1279中的mcyA基因中扩增出目的基因片段,用TA克隆方法将基因片段插入Allel TA vector (ABP-CETAVEC020)中来制备质粒标准晶.通过不同连续稀释...     

Purification of total DNA extracted from activated sludge

Purification of the total DNA extracted from activated sludge samples was studied. The effects of extraction buffers and lysis treatments (lysozyme, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sonication, mechanical mill and thermal shock) on yield and purity of the total DNA extracted from activated sludge were investigated. It was found that SDS and mechanical mill were the most effective ways for cell lysis, and both gave the highest DNA yields, while by SDS and thermal shock, the purest DNA extract could be obtained. The combination of SDS with other lysis treatment, such as sonication and thermal shock, could apparently increase the DNA yields but also result in severe shearing. For the purification of the crude DNA extract, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone was used for the removal of humic contaminants. Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, potassium acetate and phenol/chloroform were used to remove proteins and polysaccharides from crude DNA. Crude DNA was further purified by isopropanol precipitation. Thus, a suitable protocol was proposed for DNA extraction, yielding about 49.9 mg (total DNA)/g volatile suspended solids, and the DNA extracts were successfully used in PCR amplifications for 16S rDNA and 16S rDNA V3 region. The PCR products of 16S rDNA V3 region allowed the DGGE analysis (denatured gradient gel electrophoresis) to be possible.