苯并（a）芘对雄性罗非鱼肝脏Vtg mRNA表达的影响

卵黄蛋白原（Vitellogenin,Vtg）是检测环境雌激素的重要生物标志物,雄性鱼类VtgmRNA是检测环境雌激素的新兴生物标志物。为研究BaP是否具有环境雌激素效应,本试验对罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus Vtg mRNA进行研究,用总RNA提取试剂盒提取得到雌鱼肝脏总RNA,以转录得到的cDNA为模板,以Primer设计得到的引物,得到422bp的罗非鱼卵黄蛋白原特异性eDNA扩增片段;采用荧光定量PCR法检测10、50Hg-L。的BaP暴露对罗非鱼肝脏Vtg基因表达的影响,结果发现4d、17d时雄性罗非鱼肝脏内VtgmRNA表达量与对照组无差异（P〉0．05）,10d时10、50ug·L-1 2个剂量组VtgmRNA表达量显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）,分别是对照组的113．18倍和121．79倍。结果意味着BaP可能具有环境雌激素效应。     

栉孔扇贝内参基因稳定性研究

合适的内参基因对准确定量目标基因表达水平非常重要。利用实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)分析了不同发育阶段和雌激素暴露条件下栉孔扇贝性腺组织中β-actin、β-TUB、EF-lα、18SrRNA和GAPDH5个内参基因的表达水平,并利用RefFinder软件对其表达稳定性进行了分析。结果表明:在所考察的内参基因中,EF-lα在栉孔扇贝不同发育阶段和雌激素暴露下的表达均最为稳定,可作为定量目标基因表达水平的内参基因之一。     

Pregnancy after preimplantation genetic diagnosis for Sanjad–Sakati syndrome

Sanjad–Sakati syndrome (SSS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, growth and mental retardation. In Saudi Arabia, the disease is caused by a deletion of 12 bp (155-166nt) in the tubulin-specific chaperone E gene. In a family with two affected siblings with SSS, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) was performed. Fluorescent PCR (F-PCR) was utilized to check the heterozygosity and the homozygosity status of the parents and the affected children, respectively. F-PCR was then optimized for single-cell analysis by using peripheral blood lymphocytes. The patient underwent a cycle with intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. A total of 11 embryos were obtained and biopsied. There were five heterozygous, three homozygous affected and three normal embryos. One heterozygous and one normal embryo were transferred because of their very good quality (morula). A singleton pregnancy was obtained, and amniosynthesis confirmed the presence of the heterozygous fetus. These results show for the first time, the feasibility of PGD for SSS. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Design of Intelligent Fault Diagnostic System (FDS)

This research work presents useful framework and mechanism for integrated fault diagnostic system, or FDS. The proposed system is composed of three major subsystems: fault detection, root cause and consequence analyzer, and maintenance analyzer. Learning mechanisms are proposed to extract knowledge about deviations/failure modes from real time process and equipment monitoring data. Fault semantic network is proposed to represent failure modes and fault propagation models as integrated with process and equipment models. Qualitative rules are defined and associated with fault semantic networks for practical Actual maintenance findings are used to tune training data for more accurate fault detection and root cause and consequence analysis. Case study is used to illustrate the proposed idea.     

1株筛自柴油污染土壤的铜绿假单胞菌对萘的降解特性研究

从柴油污染土壤中筛选分离出1株萘降解菌HD-5,经16S r DNA序列分析鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa),对功能基因进行PCR扩增证实该菌株中含有萘双加氧酶基因nah.采用生物强化、生物刺激以及二者相结合的方式修复萘含量为0.5%的自配污染土壤,综合比较了在不同修复方式下土壤中萘的降解率,修复过程中土壤FDA水解酶活和脱氢酶活的变化,以及运用定量PCR的方法动态分析了总细菌基因拷贝数和nah基因拷贝数.结果表明,在生物强化(B)、生物刺激(S)以及生物强化与生物刺激相结合(BS)这3种修复方式下,31 d后萘去除率分别为71.94%、62.22%和83.14%,BS组在修复过程中土壤FDA水解酶活和脱氢酶活明显高于另外两组,31 d后BS组土壤中总细菌基因拷贝数和nah基因拷贝数分别增长了约2.67×1011g-1和8.67×108g-1.上述研究结果表明筛选得到的萘降解菌株在土壤中具有良好的定植特性,在生物刺激与该降解菌株的共同作用下,可以有效地实现土壤中萘降解,这对此类污染生物修复过程研究具有一定的指导意义.     

一种高效提取焦化废水活性污泥总DNA的方法

对焦化废水活性污泥中微生物建立高质量的总DNA提取方法是开展分子生态学研究的重要前提.通过反复冻融-蛋白酶K-SDS、溶菌酶-反复冻融-SDS及溶菌酶-反复冻融-蛋白酶K-SDS这3种综合方法对焦化废水活性污泥总DNA进行提取,以OD260/OD280、OD260/OD230、产率、片段完整性、片段大小5个指标来评价样品总DNA的提取效果.结果表明,溶菌酶-反复冻融-蛋白酶K-SDS法所提取的总DNA的OD260/OD280值约为1.8,产率为1.90～16.30 μg·g-1,片断完整性好,主带清晰,大小约为23 kb,其PCR反应抑制物少,能够直接进行16S rRNA基因的PCR扩增.溶菌酶-反复冻融-蛋白酶K-SDS法能够为焦化废水活性污泥中微生物的分子生态学研究提供高质量的总DNA.     

Do land utilization patterns affect methanotrophic communities in a Chinese upland red soil?

Soil samples were collected from three plots under different land utilization patterns including degradation,farming,and restoration.The abundances of methanotrophs were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)based on the pmoA and 16S rRNA genes,and the community fingerprint was analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE)aiming at pmoA gene.Significantly lower 16S rRNA and pmoA genes copies were found in the degradation treatment than in farming and restoration.Higher abundances of Type Ⅰ than those of Type Ⅱ methanotrophs were detected in all treatments.The treatment of farming was clearly separated from degradation and restoration according to the DGGE profile by cluster analysis.The lowest diversity indices were observed in the F(farming plot),suggesting that the community structure was strongly affected by farming activities.There were significantly positive correlations between the copy numbers of pmoA also Type Ⅱ-related 16S rRNA genes and soil available K content.Strong negative and positive correlations were found between Type Ⅰ and soil pH,and available P content,respectively.We concluded that the vegetation cover or not,soil characteristics including pH and nutrients of P and K as a result of anthropogenic disturbance may be key factors affecting methanotrophic communities in upland soil.     

Location and PCR analysis of catabolic genes in a novel Streptomyces sp. DUT AHX capable of degrading nitrobenzene

A novel strain of Streptomyces sp.DUT_AHX was isolated from sludge contaminated with nitrobenzene and identified on the basis of physiological and biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence analysis.The optimal degradation conditions were as follows:temperature 30℃,pH 7.0-8.0,shaking speed 150-180 r/min,and inocula 10%(V/V).The strain,which possessed a partial reductive pathway with the release of ammonia,was also able to grow on mineral salts basal (MSB) medium plates with 2-aminophenol, ph...     

污染源监控在辽宁省环境监管中的作用与思考

对辽宁省污染源监测系统的特点、主要功能及在实时监控、环境监管中的作用作了介绍,并对其规范管理、深化应用、保障机制等方面提出对策建议。