Use of dimethyl sulfoxide as solubilization agent in the detection of 2,3,7,8-TCDD by radioimmunoassay

Immunoassays are potentially valuable tools for use in screening environmental samples for a broad range of contaminants, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). The performance of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) for PCDDs was characterized using 4 solubilization systems: Cutscum, Triton, horse serum, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO based assay appeared to perform best at low 2,3,7,8-TCDD levels. The effects of assay incubation time and hapten storage conditions on the DMSO based assay were assessed. The separation of bound from unbound radioactivity was accelerated without adversely affecting assay performance. Further assay development through the use of an alternative labelled hapten is considered.     

中国高污染产业转移与整体环境污染——基于区域间相对环境规制门槛模型的实证

首先借鉴Copeland-Taylor模型,引入相对环境规制强度变量,构建了产业转移影响环境污染的理论模型.在此基础上,利用我国2000~2016年30个省份的面板数据,采用门槛回归方法,以相对环境规制强度作为门槛变量,进行全样本、区域异质性和时期异质性回归分析,并以线性回归方法作为对比,最后进行稳健性检验.结果表明,高污染产业转移与环境污染之间呈现逐渐递增的非线性关系,随着相对环境规制强度由低门槛逐渐到高门槛,高污染产业转移所带来的环境污染问题也愈发严重;环境规制对环境污染的改善作用不大;我国不存在环境库兹涅兹曲线;资本存量、产业结构和能源消费的提升均会加剧环境污染;劳动力成本和质量的提高能够改善环境污染.     

可培养细菌多样性及抗辐射-抗氧化相关性特征——以库姆塔格沙漠东缘为例

对库姆塔格沙漠东缘可培养细菌进行系统发育学多样性研究的基础上,对菌株的抗辐射和抗氧化能力进行筛选,利用辐射或氧化胁迫后细菌的存活率进行二者耦联关系的研究.研究表明,pH值、TOC和TN是影响库姆塔格沙漠东缘中可培养细菌群落结构的主要因素;分离出的105株细菌分别归属于放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）,在可培养细菌数量（9.96×10⁵CFU/g）和物种丰富度（9个属共72株菌）方面放线菌门均为最优势的门;除拟杆菌门以外,归属于放线菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门的可培养细菌中都筛选出了兼具抗辐射-抗氧化的菌株.通过抗辐射抗氧化性能研究表明可培养细菌的抗辐射能力与抗氧化能力具有一定的正相关性;UV-C辐照强度的D₁₀（致死率为10%）剂量高于100J/m²的菌株占可培养细菌总数的21.3%,过氧化氢耐受浓度的D₁₀剂量高于10mmol/L的菌株占70.2%,其中放线菌门的3株细菌K4-10、K5-3和K2-40兼具有很强的抗辐射和抗氧化能力.     

某温度、湿度、振动综合试验箱智能控制及试验精度

介绍了某温度、湿度、振动综合试验箱（简称为“CERT”设备）系统核心智能控制系统,包括线性控制器PID、微处理器自整定控制器、自适应控制器、程序设定技术在环境试验中的应用、可控的循环气流风速确保试验精度。     

流动注射测定挥发酚中的常见问题及其对策研究简

在流动注射测定挥发酚的过程中,会出现基线不稳、噪声信号增加、流量不稳定、准确度和精密度降低等现象,分析测试结果表明溶液有气泡、流通池pH、冷却水温度、到阀时间、周期时间等因素均会导致上述现象的发生。通过研究,对检测时间条件及前处理等方面进行调整。在调整流通池pH到9.8～10.2、设置到阀时间为350 s、周期时间为200 s,并且将试剂脱气方式调整为氦气脱气后,测试准确度和精密度均有较大提高。     

The Relation Between Upper Limb Muscle and Brain Activity in Two Precision Levels of Repetitive Light Tasks

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of repetitive light tasks of low and high precision on upper limb muscles and brain activities. Surface electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography (EEG) were used to measure the muscle and brain activity of 10 subjects. The results show that the root-meansquare (RMS) and mean power frquency (MPF) of the muscle activity and the mean power of the EEG alpha bands were higher on the high-precision task than on the low-precision one. There was also a high and significant correlation between upper limb muscle and brain activity during the tasks. The longer the time and the more precise the task, the more the subjects become fatigued both physically and mentally. Thus, these results could be potentially useful in managing fatigue, especially fatique related to muscle and mental workload.     

山东省就业结构转换与城市化进程的关联分析

城市化的根本动力在于就业人口能否实现由第一产业向第二、三产业的转换,其中转换的快慢是影响城市化进程的重要因素.通过考察1980～2002年山东省就业结构转换过程与城市化进程的相关关系发现,就业人口在三次产业之间的转换对山东省城市化进程具有一定的阻碍作用,并且具有明显的空间差异.第三产业吸纳就业人口的能力对促进城市化进程是一种不可替代的重要力量.     

用"3S"技术在低湿地区域提取高精度水灾信息--若干问题讨论

低湿地区域因其经济发达,财富密度大,故对于水灾损失评估,水灾信息的高精度提取显得尤为重要.作为水灾信息表征的两个重要方面:淹没范围和水深,是我们研究的重点.首先,论述了研究低湿地区域水灾的重要性;提出了研究应用“3S“技术提取高精度水灾信息的必要性,然后,综述了“3S“技术在水灾信息提取中的研究进展,指出了目前研究存在的问题;最后,阐明了今后在低湿地水灾信息高精度提取中应优先开展的研究课题.     

A Comparison of Protocols and Observer Precision for Measuring Physical Stream Attributes1

Abstract: Stream monitoring programs commonly measure physical attributes to assess the effect of land management on stream habitat. Variability associated with the measurement of these attributes has been linked to a number of factors, but few studies have evaluated variability due to differences in protocols. We compared six protocols, five used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service and one by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, on six streams in Oregon and Idaho to determine whether differences in protocol affect values for 10 physical stream attributes. Results from Oregon and Idaho were combined for groups participating in both states, with significant differences in attribute means for 9 out of the 10 stream attributes. Significant differences occurred in 5 of 10 in Idaho, and 10 of 10 in Oregon. Coefficients of variation, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and root mean square error were used to evaluate measurement precision. There were differences among protocols for all attributes when states were analyzed separately and as a combined dataset. Measurement differences were influenced by choice of instruments, measurement method, measurement location, attribute definitions, and training approach. Comparison of data gathered by observers using different protocols will be difficult unless a core set of protocols for commonly measured stream attributes can be standardized among monitoring programs.     

潮湿巷道风流温度及湿度计算方法研究

对计算潮湿巷道中风流温度和湿度的方法进行改进,提出将饱和空气含湿量与温度的关系拟合为二次曲线计算巷道壁面水分蒸发的方法,编制模拟潮湿巷道中风流与围岩热交换和巷道壁面水分蒸发的计算机程序,解算出风流温度及湿度的变化规律。并将解算结果与将饱和空气含湿量与温度的关系拟合为线形曲线时的解算结果进行分析对比,将饱和空气含湿量和温度之间的关系简单拟合为线性,风流温度的误差在通风时间较短时相对误差较大。随通风距离增长风流温度和相对湿度的误差增加。