可持续发展视角下的资源环境承载力——内涵、特点与功能

我国明确提出可持续发展战略,并开始逐步实施.同时,我国已经提出了科学发展观与和谐社会的理念,这些政策与方针的提出就是力图实现在资源环境承载力约束条件下的最优发展.因此,首先应在理论上正确认识经济可持续增长的资源环境承载力问题,从内涵、特征与功能等方面对资源环境承载力进行系统梳理.这是实现资源环境承载力承载范围内最佳经济增长的前提条件,是正确制定和实施可持续发展战略的理论基础.     

西藏红景天植物的生态分布调查与资源的合理保护

红景天属植物是一类具有重要药用价值的经济植物.根据相关历史资料和对西藏地区红景天属植物的野外调查与记录,已知西藏红景天属植物有36个种2个亚种.作为红景天属植物的现代分布中心,青藏高原上的红景天植物种类多、分布广、蕴藏量大.在生态习性方面,红景天表现为适应性强、喜光照,但只有在具备适宜的小生境时才能生长.适宜的小生境有林下、灌丛边缘、高山草甸和高山流石滩等,阳坡环境更有利于红景天属植物的生长,其种类与数量较多.红景天植物资源较脆弱,合理采挖与保护才有利于可持续利用.     

农业资源开发产业四维旋度循环经济发展模式研究—一以黑龙江省为例

为了定性分析农业资源开发产业,基于循环经济模式的发展方向,以黑龙江省为例,并以资源旋度场所带来的经济增加值为主要测度目标,建立以资源循环旋度、农业产业集群周期、旋度激励政策激励与经济产值增量为自变因子的四维坐标体系,分析黑龙江省农业资源开发产业的循环经济发展模式.在忽略产生较大政策扭曲情况下,得出其升级路径具有类似圆锥螺旋线方程的爬升性质,且资源旋度为主要可控激励源.结合产业集群生命周期理论,给出关键升级节点的匹配政策建议.     

旅游资源多元价值提升的创意模式与路径研究

旅游资源具有多元价值,创意作为旅游资源价值转化与提升的实现途径之一,有着极其重要的意义.创意是旅游资源价值拓展和挖掘的重要手段,是旅游资源形成旅游产品的关键要素,也是旅游产品营销策划的核心和灵魂.总结了旅游资源价值提升的五种创意模式:推陈出新、古为今用、无中生有、他业旅用和复制迁移,并在此基础上提炼出了旅游资源价值提升的创意路径.     

Alaska’s Freshwater Resources: Issues Affecting Local and International Interests1

Alessa, Lilian, Mark Altaweel, Andrew Kliskey, Christopher Bone, William Schnabel, and Kalb Stevenson, 2011. Alaska’s Freshwater Resources: Issues Affecting Local and International Interests. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(1):143‐157. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00498.x Abstract: The State of Alaska faces a broad range of freshwater challenges including limited resource access in rural communities, increasing freshwater use, and a pressing need to better understand and prepare for climate‐driven change. Despite these significant issues, Alaska is relatively water‐rich and far more equipped to address its water resource concerns compared with other regions of the world. Globally, simultaneous and rapid water stresses have influenced and complicated conflicts and are motivating nations to develop markets and trade as one of the primary means to manage their needs for this resource. This paper presents these interacting issues in the context of Alaska’s relationship with a world undergoing significant social and ecological changes that affect freshwater supplies. We present the challenges faced by Alaska in the context of a larger global perspective, and briefly explore the relative effects these issues have on local, regional, and global scales. We present the argument that Alaska needs to develop more robust institutions and policies that can alleviate both household concerns and ensure that Alaska plays a significant role in the international freshwater arena for its long‐term resilience.     

The potential contribution of sustainable waste management to energy use and greenhouse gas emission reduction in the Netherlands

Future limitations on the availability of selected resources stress the need for increased material efficiency. In addition, in a climate-constrained world the impact of resource use on greenhouse gas emissions should be minimized. Waste management is key to achieve sustainable resource management. Ways to use resources more efficiently include prevention of waste, reuse of products and materials, and recycling of materials, while incineration and anaerobic digestion may recover part of the embodied energy of materials. This study used iWaste, a simulation model, to investigate the extent to which savings in energy consumption and CO₂ emissions can be achieved in the Netherlands through recycling of waste streams versus waste incineration, and to assess the extent to which this potential is reflected in the LAP2 (currently initiated policy). Three waste streams (i.e. household waste, bulky household waste, and construction and demolition waste) and three scenarios compare current policy to scenarios that focus on high-quality recycling (Recycling+) or incineration with increased efficiency (Incineration+). The results show that aiming for more and high-quality recycling can result in emission reductions of 2.3 MtCO₂ annually in the Netherlands compared to the reference situation in 2008. The main contributors to this reduction potential are found in optimizing the recycling of plastics (PET, PE and PP), textiles, paper, and organic waste. A scenario assuming a higher energy conversion efficiency of the incinerator treating the residual waste stream, achieves an emission reduction equivalent to only one third (0.7 MtCO₂/year) of the reduction achieved in the Recycling+ scenario. Furthermore, the results of the study show that currently initiated policy only partially realizes the full potential identified. A focus on highest quality use of recovered materials is essential to realize the full potential energy and CO₂ emission reduction identified for the Netherlands. Detailed economic and technical analyses of high quality recycling are recommended to further evaluate viable integrated waste management policies.     

吉林省资源型城市可持续空间重构研究

以典型资源型城市吉林省辽源市为案例,探讨其城市空间结构的现状特征和空间问题;在理论框架分析与经验分析的基础上,从市区和市域两个尺度提出辽源市可持续城市空间结构的优化途径.     

基于旅游资源评价的吉林省旅游发展格局研究

科学评价旅游资源是制定旅游开发策略的前提.在系统分析吉林省自身旅游资源特征以及在东北三省中所处优劣势的基础上,探讨当前旅游资源的状况对吉林省旅游业产生的影响,针对性地提出“一心两域”的吉林省旅游发展格局模式.     

数据资源规划在宏观环境督察业务领域应用研究

信息流的畅通和数据资源的有效利用是信息化可持续发展的基础。本文介绍了基于顶层设计的数据资源规划方法,提出数据资源规划的工作步骤。结合宏观环境督察业务现状和业务发展需要,归纳、分析、聚类、抽象出宏观环境督察业务职能域和全域数据元素集,形成了宏观环境督察数据资源的整体规划,为建立宏观督察业务的业务模型和数据模型提供了基础。     

低碳供应链发展及运营新问题

资源短缺、环境恶化、全球气候变暖带来了低碳经济的快速发展,在该背景下,迫切需要将环境问题融合到供应链的研究和实践当中。首先对比传统的供应链内涵,提出低碳供应链的概念,然后简述低碳供应链发展的理论和实践基础,根据运营管理的研究目标构建了低碳供应链管理的整体研究框架,拟在政府规制和消费者对低碳产品需求的外部力量作用下,寻求企业及供应链运行的机理和规律,指出未来值得关注的研究方向,为供应链低碳化发展奠定理论基础。