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121.
ABSTRACT Numerical and analytical solutions are developed for the distribution of a contaminant within an adsorbing porous medium in a unidirectional flow field subject to a step function for input concentration. The medium is considered to be homogeneous, isotropic, and areally finite. As a by-product, solutions are also obtained for the case of a non-absorbing porous medium. An example that demonstrates the applicability of the solutions is presented. 相似文献
122.
123.
地下水污染风险评价中特征污染物量化方法探讨 总被引:14,自引:10,他引:4
针对地下水污染风险评价中的外界胁迫脆弱性评价缺乏有效量化体系这一问题,通过地下水污染源解析,提出了基于特征污染物及其对应排放量的量化体系;通过特征污染物属性解析及利用层次分析法确定研究侧重点,构建了该体系中的特征污染物量化方法.将该量化方法应用于北京市地下水污染风险评价,结果表明,依据不同研究侧重点得出的3种特征污染物危害性计算结果具有明显差异,并且3种危害性排序与对应的3种属性排序亦存在差异.由此表明,确定研究侧重点的主观倾向对特征污染物危害性计算结果有决定性影响.此外,在计算过程中,以序列值的方式解决3种属性的归一化及不同类别特征污染物属性量化结果的统一,会造成不同特征污染物之间相对属性特征的放大或缩小. 相似文献
124.
Stefano Raccanelli Vladimiro Bonamin Pietro Tundo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2000,7(3):125-129
Venice is famous around the world for its uniqueness and architectural splendours, arts and the history of the “Serenissima
Repubblica”, as it was known in the past, but few are aware that Venice economy is strongly dependent on the industrial activities
based mainly on the adjacent Porto Marghera area. For many years, the lagoon that physically separates the city from the dry
land has avoided association between the concern connected with the pollution derived from these industrial activities and
the public perception of Venice. Since 1995, dioxins have appeared as a lagoon contaminant, and their presence, at such a
level requiring immediate “in depth” studies and interventions, has been fully realized for decades. 相似文献
125.
饱和带有机污染物的厌氧反硝化微生物降解 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以卤代烃和芳香烃为代表,通过室内实验模拟饱和带厌氧反硝化环境,对地下饱和带中有机污染物的厌氧反硝化可生物降解性,降解机理,降解动力学方程等进行了研究。实验结果表明,芳香烃较卤代烃易被微生物降解,在有低学葡萄糖存在时有 机物的最大生物降解速率C6H6:Lmax=17mg/(m^2.d),C7H8:Lmax=46mg/(m^2.d),CCl4;Lmax=7mg/(m^2.d),CHCl3:Lmax=6 相似文献
126.
127.
Jiyun Kim Hye-Bin Choi Uikyu Choi In-Jae Yang Jong-Sik Ryu 《Environmental Forensics》2020,21(1):59-70
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate what sources principally affect the chemical compositions in the catchment of the upper Nakdong River, South Korea where bedrock mostly consists of silicates as a natural factor. From October 7th to 9th, 2015, thirty-three water samples were collected, including samples from tributaries which run alongside mines. We analyzed the major anions, cations, trace elements and water isotopes of the samples and the analyzed data are divided into four groups by principle component analysis (PCA). We determined that most of the water samples are influenced by water-rock interactions when we consider the PCA results and the chemical weathering equation line. However, six samples have excess concentrations of sulfate and plot below the equation line. These samples were mostly from streams beside a zinc-cadmium smelter, which was also consistent with the PCA results. Samples near populated area could also be separated into a group via domestic pollution. Based on the PCA and chemical results, the chemical compositions of the river can be affected by two anthropogenic inputs: mine wastes and domestic contaminants. 相似文献
128.
硝基苯类化合物在黄河小浪底至高村河段水体中的分布特征 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
研究了黄河中下游小浪底-花园口-高村河段表层水、悬浮颗粒物和沉积物中10种硝基苯类有机污染物的含量.结果表明,水样中检测到8种硝基苯类有机污染物,其中孟州一干渠中硝基苯浓度最高,为8.426 8μg·L-1,但都没有超过国家标准(GB3838—2002).伊洛河的悬浮颗粒物中硝基苯类有机物的总浓度达164.382μg·kg-1.洛阳石化沉积物中硝基苯类有机物的总浓度最高,为14.718μg·kg-1.在三相(表层水、悬浮颗粒物和沉积物)中,硝基苯的含量最高.硝基苯类有机物在水、沉积物和悬浮颗粒物中的大体分布趋势为悬浮颗粒物>沉积物>表层水,沉积物中的污染物有再次释放到水体中的趋势. 相似文献
129.
污染土壤的物理/化学修复 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
将土壤污染物分为非卤代VOCs、卤代VOCs、非卤代SVOCs、无机物等8大类型,并在分析污染土壤原位修复和异位修复两种方式不同特点的基础上,根据各种修复技术的不同作用原理,较为全面地介绍了目前国内外各种物理/化学修复的技术原理、适用性、局限性、实施时间及处理成本等,具体包括化学淋洗、蒸汽抽提、强化破裂、空气喷射、可渗透反应墙、固化/稳定化、电动学、物理分离、热解吸、玻璃化等修复技术.针对几种常见的土壤污染类型,列举了一些可行的组合修复工艺. 相似文献
130.
The Canadian Arctic is undergoing considerable social and environmental change. Anthropogenic stressors on this sensitive environment include climate change, contaminants, resource extraction, tourism and increasing human populations. The Northern Ecosystem Initiative (NEI) is a program aimed at supporting the sustainability of northern communities, and at improving our understanding of how northern ecosystems respond to these environmental stressors. A key element of the NEI is to establish partnerships between all levels of government, non-governmental environmental agencies, and northern residents. The NEI is an important source of financial support critical for social and environmental scientists as well as northern residents and their community and regional organizations. Initiated in 1998, the NEI has supported numerous northern scientific and capacity-building projects, and has evaluated the information gained from this work to refine and focus its future support to address key information gaps and northern needs. 相似文献