橡胶助剂析出的原因及防治探析——以武警现行列装鞋靴产品为例

橡胶助剂析出是橡胶制品的常发问题,本文从原料、配方设计、炼胶工艺、硫化工艺、存储条件等方面分析了武警现行鞋靴橡胶助剂析出的原因、形式及危害,提出了防治对策。     

Formation of polychlorobiphenyls in silicone rubber

In silicone rubber crosslinked with bis(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl) peroxide (DCBP) as initiator about 0.1% of DCBP is converted into polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). The PCB content in silicone rubber determined by high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) after its destruction by HF is around 10 mg/kg. 29 PCB congeners were detected. Instead of the expected PCB-47, lower chlorinated congeners are predominant. Some possible pathways of their origin are presented.     

可张孔曝气器曝气能耗试验研究

通过试验研究,总结出可张孔曝气阻力损失的影响因素,以优化产品的结构设计参数,降低产品在工程应用中的能耗,获取更好的经济效益。     

一起有机硅工厂燃爆事故的应急监测案例分析

本文介绍了绍兴市袍江工业区"2.20"浙江恒业成有机硅有限公司燃爆事故的应急监测,在监测过程中确立了气、水等环境介质作为监测对象,确定含硅有机物和氯化氢作为主要监测因子,并根据实际情况合理地选择了监测方法,以为事故的应急处理提供借鉴。     

Design and use of a time-sorting pitfall trap for predatory arthropods

An electronically-controlled time-sorting pitfall trap was designed which improves upon earlier models in having a 24-h rotation time, and in being capable of running continuously for at least one week without attention. Four prototypes were built, using readily available, inexpensive components, and used from June to October, 1995, to collect carabid beetles and linyphiid spiders in clover-undersown and weeded cabbages. The traps operated without malfunction during the hottest weather ever recorded in Aberdeen, when soil surface temperatures exceeded 40°C, and also during periods of torrential rain. Three spider and two carabid species dominated the catch, their nocturnal and diurnal patterns of activity being in general agreement with other published data. Some predators were apparently able to adapt to the contrasting vegetation in the two treatments, two species of Erigone spiders being nocturnal in weeded cabbages but tending to be diurnal in undersown crops.     

新型防突装置对封隔器胶筒力学性能影响研

为了进一步保证封隔器安全坐封,提高封隔器胶筒的力学性能,基于现有成熟技术,设计了一种新型防突装置,分析了不同防突装置材料和结构参数对封隔器胶筒肩部突出、接触应力、Von Mises应力的影响。结果表明:新型封隔器肩部突出距离相比常规封隔器降低了63.35%,使胶筒不易被破坏,延长了胶筒的寿命;对防突装置材料和结构参数进行优选,选择材料为铝合金,距胶筒端面距离H=2.5mm,厚度B=0.5mm的新型防突装置;新型防突装置的设计与应用为封隔器坐封提供了安全保障。     

佛山水道及其支涌复氧试验研究

对几种曝气方式的溶解氧提升情况、充氧动力效率,及COD、氨氮的去除率进行了简单比较,得出微孔雾化曝气和橡胶坝曝气是适合佛山水道及其支涌河流人工复氧的最佳方法.     

Occupational exposure to airborne aromatic amines in rubber manufacturing: Determination by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry

Aromatic amines (AAs) are used in a variety of chemical industries and consequently they are the object of great attention in occupational hygiene owing to the carcinogenic effects that many of them have shown. This work outlines a procedure for the determination of occupational exposure to airborne AAs in the rubber industry and the application of this method in a tyre manufacturing plant using p‐phenylenediamines as antiozonants. Samples were collected on a glass fibre filter followed by a silica gel tube and analyzed by GC‐MS/SIM using a capillary column coated with methyl silicone. p‐Phenylendiamines and other AAs probably formed as thermodegradation products were found in concentrations of up to 10 μg/m³ during rubber vulcanization.     

壳聚糖季铵盐絮凝剂处理丁苯橡胶废水的研究

以壳聚糖(CTS)为母体,3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CTA)为改性剂,合成了壳聚糖季铵盐阳离子型高分子絮凝剂2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HTCC),以其对高岭土悬浊液的浊度去除率为指标优化合成条件,以HTCC分别与PAC及PAM复配,絮凝处理丁苯橡胶废水.结果表明,最佳合成条件为:质量比MCTS: MCTA: MNaOH =1:2:1.2、反应温度60℃、反应时间3h,在此条件下合成的HTCC对高岭土悬浊液的浊度去除率达96.46%;HTCC+PAC复配在pH6.0~8.0对丁苯橡胶废水的絮凝效果较好,出水余浊<2NTU,色度去除率达92.98%,COD去除率达32.0%;HTCC+PAM复配在pH5.0~8.9对丁苯橡胶废水的絮凝效果最好,余浊<3NTU,COD去除率46.0 %,且投药量小, pH适宜范围宽,优势比较明显.以HTCC与PAC、PAM分别复配处理丁苯橡胶废水可减轻后续生化处理的负荷,降低PAC、PAM的投加量,从而减小出水中残余铝和残余丙烯酰胺单体的含量.     

新型高沸点灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性研究*

为研究灭火剂与弹性密封材料的相容性问题,开展2种新型高沸点灭火剂2-溴-3,3,3三氟丙烯（2-BTP）、全氟己酮（Novec 1230）与飞机固定式灭火系统中3种常用密封橡胶材料硅橡胶（SI）、氟橡胶（FKM）和氟硅橡胶（FVQM）的全浸泡和反复浸泡实验,并对实验后橡胶基础物理参数与表面微观形貌进行测试与分析。结果表明:在全浸泡实验中,SI,FVQM与2-BTP相容性较好,SI,FKM,FVQM与Novec 1230相容性较好,可作为静态密封材料使用;在反复浸泡实验后,SI,FVQM在Novec 1230中性能变化较小,可作为其动态密封材料使用;SI,FKM,FVQM在2-BTP中力学性能大幅下降,不建议作为2-BTP灭火系统的动态密封材料使用。