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11.
饮水的化学组分与地氟病的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
饮水的化学成分分析结果表明,徐州地区居民饮用水中的氟含量pH,Na^+,HCO^-3,As,B和矿化度呈正相关关系,与K^+,Ca^2+,Al^3+,Ba^2+,Si^4+呈负相关关系。地氟病的发病率不仅与饮水的氟含量密切相关,而且受饮水中其它组份的制榴,饮水中Ca^2+,Al^3+,Sr^2+,B,Si^4+,K^+,Ge^4+等组分的增高可抑制或减缓地氟病的发生。 相似文献
12.
浙江省中部萤石产区氟环境与地方性氟病 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
吕惠进 《生态与农村环境学报》1995,(3)
通过对浙江省中部萤石产区氟地球化学环境的初步研究,探讨了该区地方性氟病的成因和分布规律,指出了地方性氟病与高氟环境的关系。 相似文献
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氟元素以不同的结合形式广泛存在于自然界中,适量氟的摄取有益于龋齿预防和骨骼发育,然而过量氟的摄取会对动物及人体健康造成危害。近年来,大量的人类活动导致水环境中氟含量持续升高。为探究水域氟污染对中国林蛙的毒性影响,本研究以中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)胚胎为试验材料,对卵黄栓期(G12期)胚胎进行了0、0.7、4.2、19.4、42.8 mg·L~(-1)F-慢性水体暴露直至胚胎发育到变态高峰期(G42期)的研究。分别于暴露25 d和40 d后取样测定了蝌蚪全长、体长、体重和发育分期;此外,分析了F-慢性暴露对变态率、G42期蝌蚪的全长、体长、体重和后肢长以及G42期蝌蚪骨骼发育的影响。结果表明:暴露25 d时,4.2 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组促进了林蛙蝌蚪的生长发育,而42.8 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组显著抑制了蝌蚪的生长发育;暴露40 d时,19.4 mg·L~(-1)F-和42.8 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组蝌蚪的生长发育均受到显著抑制。持续进行慢性暴露78 d后,4.2 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组蝌蚪的变态率显著升高,而42.8 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组蝌蚪的变态率受到了显著抑制。此外,42.8 mg·L~(-1)F-处理组G42期蝌蚪形态指标(全长、体长和后肢长)以及骨骼发育均受到抑制。依据G42期中国林蛙蝌蚪的生长发育指标和变态率为观察指标,氟离子慢性暴露对中国林蛙蝌蚪的最低可观察效应浓度(LOEC)为0.7 mg·L~(-1)。研究表明,水环境中高浓度的氟污染会对中国林蛙蝌蚪的生长发育、变态和骨骼发育等造成潜在的不利影响,水体氟污染的生态毒性效应理应引起高度重视。 相似文献
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Fluoride concentration of groundwater reserves occurs in many places in the world. A critical area for such contamination
in India is alluvial soil of the plain region, consisting of five blocks (Jhajjar, Bahadurgarh, Beri, Matanhail, and Sahalawas)
of the Jhajjar District adjacent to the National Capital Territory of India, New Delhi. The purpose of this study was to assess
the association between water fluoride levels and prevalence of dental fluorosis among school children of the Jhajjar District
of Haryana, India. The fluoride content in underground drinking water sources was found to vary in villages. Hence, the villages
were categorized as high-fluoride villages (1.52–4.0 mg F/l) and low/normal-fluoride villages (0.30–1.0 mg F/l). The source
of dental fluorosis data was school-going children (7–15 years) showing different stages and types of fluorosis who were permanent
resident of these villages. The fraction of dental fluorosis-affected children varied from 30% to 94.85% in the high-fluoride
villages and from 8.80% to 28.20% in the low/normal-fluoride villages. The results of the present study revealed that there
existed a significant positive correlation between fluoride concentration in drinking water and dental fluorosis in high-fluoride
villages (r = 0.508; p < 0.001) and insignificant correlation in low-fluoride villages. 相似文献
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Fluoride (F) distribution and its effects (fluorosis) were investigated in Antarctica. Droppings (L) excreta selected of aquatic birds, lake water, soil and moss (Polytrichum alpinum) showed a high F concentration. Although bones of Adelie penguin (Pygiscelis adeliae) and skua (Catharacta maccormicki) showed exceptionally very high F concentration in the range of 832 to 7187 mg kg(-1), their radiographs did not show any evidence of skeletal fluorosis. The possible reason and geochemical aspects of F in Antarctica region are discussed. 相似文献
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Consumption of unusually high concentrations of F– in groundwaters of the Maria area in the Gaspé peninsula of Quebec have resulted in symptoms of skeletal fluorosis in two members of the population. One of these individuals consumed approximately 50 mg of fluoride per day over a 6 year period before being hospitalized and later diagnosed with skeletal fluorosis. It is estimated that, until this case came to light, approximately 15–20% of the rural population (total approximately 1,600) in the area were consuming groundwaters with F– levels between 5 and 28 mg L–1 for at least 6 years. The high concentrations of F– in well waters of the Maria area occur only in wells completed in Carboniferous sandstone-siltstone-conglomerate sediments that underlie a thick blanket of alluvial-colluvial-glacial overburden. These fluoriferous groundwaters exhibit high Na and HCO3
– contents and low Ca and Mg concentrations compared to those associated with the overburden sediments. The high F levels greatly increase the risk for fluorotic diseases such as skeletal fluorosis and skeletal radiculomyopathy. Wells completed in overburden, although having suboptimal F– levels are safer for the health of individuals in this region. Effective regulations for well drilling need to be formulated for regions underlain by Carboniferous formations in the Maritime provinces of Canada. In some regions, high F– levels (10–25 mg L–1) in groundwaters will seriously affect how, and to what extent, groundwater supplies can be developed for domestic use.To whom correspondence should be addressed. 相似文献
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