Social features of energy production and use in Brazil: Goals for a sustainable energy future

This paper focuses on the social features of ene rgy production and use in Brazil and discusses the role of the energy policy goals of accessibility, affordability and acceptability in defining a sustainable energy future for the country. The major findings are that social inequalities in Brazil regarding energy use continue to be substantial and important. This can be explained by the fact that, although recent decades have seen significant improvements in energy accessibility all over the country, much more needs to be done to provide affordable, and socially acceptable modern energy carriers to all socio‐economic groups in all regions.     

Impacts of Residential Development on Humid Subtropical Freshwater Resources: Southwest Florida Experience1

Abstract: The population of Collier and Lee Counties in southwestern Florida has increased 11‐fold from 1960 to 2004 with a concomitant increase in freshwater demand. Water levels and salinity within the water table aquifer over the past two to three decades have generally been stable, with more monitoring wells showing statistically significant temporal increases in water level than decreases. Residential development has had a neutral impact on the water table aquifer because the total annual evapotranspiration of residential communities is comparable to that of native vegetation and less than that of most agricultural land uses. Public water supply systems and private wells also result in net recharge to the water table aquifer with water produced from deeper aquifers. Confined freshwater aquifers have overall trends of decreasing water levels. However, with the exception of the mid‐Hawthorn aquifer, water levels in most areas recover to near background levels each summer wet season. Freshwater resources in humid subtropical areas, such as southwestern Florida, are relatively robust because of the great aquifer recharge potential from the excess of rainfall over ET during the wet season. Proper management can result in sustainable water resources.     

深圳市某地液化石油气公路运输风险分析

针对深圳市某地的液化石油气使用现状,对其运输过程中可能引起液化石油气泄漏、造成火灾爆炸事故的风险进行了定性和定量分析,通过定量后果的计算得到了个人风险和社会风险,并与荷兰和丹麦的可接受风险标准进行比较.结果表明,风险值偏大,可能会造成危害,导致人员伤亡.最后根据该地区的具体情况提出了解决方案和建议,以减缓液化石油气运输的风险.     

Taking Ethics into Account in Farm Animal Breeding: What can the Breeding Companies Achieve?

Animal welfare and the ethical issues it raises have been discussed intensively for a couple of decades. The emphasis has been on the direct effects of housing and husbandry, but more attention is now being given to problems originating in selective breeding. European attempts to adjust animal welfare legislation to deal with these problems have been largely unsuccessful, but the fact that selective breeding can introduce welfare problems continues to place an ethical responsibility on the animal breeding industry. Since breeding decisions are made centrally and, increasingly, internationally, strategic change is only likely to occur if it is embedded in an international agreement of some kind. The aim of this paper is to describe the key ethical issues facing animal breeding and assess the suggestion that the breeding industry itself can deal with ethical issues by means of an ethical code. Results from recent projects involving commercial breeding enterprises are presented.     

大型社会活动人群拥挤事故防范系统研究

我国各类大型群众性社会活动逐年增多，此类活动中如有突发事件发生，可能会由于缺乏有效的事故防范系统而导致人群拥挤，造成人员伤亡。本文通过总结大型社会活动造成人群拥挤事故的主要原因，提出以合理规划为基础、完善预案为支撑、配合有效的预警与救援模块构成的全过程集中化管理的大型社会活动人群拥挤事故防范系统。     

家户水灾社会脆弱性的评估方法研究——以长沙地区为例

中国是洪水灾害发生频繁的国家之一，研究水灾脆弱性对中国的灾害风险管理有着极为重要的意义。但是，合理评估脆弱性尤其是社会脆弱性却面临着极大的挑战。利用Hoovering改进模式，选择湘江流域的长沙地区为研究区，对研究区内的家户进行了社会脆弱性评价。结果表明，长沙市区的5个区内，高脆弱性家户最多的是天心区，最少的是雨花区。而就社区而言，高脆弱性家户最多的足裕南街街道和桔子洲街道。该结果反映了长沙不同行政区、社区社会脆弱性的差别，可供确定受援地区和受援人群及开展援助活动，乃至灾后日常风险管理参考。     

苏州市社会经济与生态环境协调发展研究

文章以苏州市社会经济与生态环境为研究对象,采用主成分分析方法（PCA）,通过对近十年来苏州市经济、社会和环境发展现状的分析,筛选了评价该地区社会、经济与生态环境协调度的指标体系,建立了苏州市经济-社会-生态协调发展评价模型,并对该地区生态环境与社会经济的协调发展度进行了分析,得出了2000年以来苏州地区经济社会生态发展总体处于协调发展的阶段,同时提出了促进经济社会和环境进一步协调发展的对策措施。     

住宅小区环境影响评价中社会环境影响评价内容和方法的探讨

以贵阳市青海住宅小区环境影响评价为例,论述住宅区建设项目环境影响评价中社会环境影响评价应包括的内容,评价中应采取的方法,以及应得出的结论及其分析。强调社会环境影响评价内容和方法在住宅区环境影响评价中的重要性和必要性。     

循环经济建设中的政府职能与企业社会责任

《中华人民共和国循环经济促进法》的颁布和实施,标志着我国经济发展进入了一个新的阶段。对政府职能提出了。些新的要求漫企业也将承担相应的社会责任。承担社会责任的能力也将成为企业核心竞争力的一部分。     

现代矿企周边环境安全与科学管理

随着我国经济的高速发展,对矿产资源的需求量越来越大,现代矿企周边环境安全问题也越来越突出,研究掌握矿企发展与周边环境安全的基本关系和特性,制定科学管理对策至关重要。深入研究了矿企周边安全的基本内容和特性,分析了企业发展与周边环境安全的相互关系,并在介绍国外矿企安全管理的先进经验,以及剖析我国某些大型地下开采矿山在周边环境安全管理方面取得的成功经验和失败教训的基础上,提出了符合我国国情的矿企周边安全管理模式,对确保矿企的可持续发展具有重要的意义。