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61.
红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)属于乔木红树植物,它对不同盐度的生理反应存在着差异。本文通过对拒盐红树植物红海榄Rs在盐胁迫下各种生理反应的研究,分析了各种生理现象与盐度之间的关系,这对红树植物耐盐机理的研究打下了基础,并为中国南海岸耐盐红树树种的选育提供科学依据,也有助于从多学科研究的角度评估盐胁迫的生态重要性。通过对Rs用不同的盐度的水3个月的处理,发现Rs根、茎、叶中蛋白质质量分数随盐度的变化趋势与可溶性总糖质量分数与盐度的变化趋势相反。当盐度高于40时,Rs茎、叶的膜脂质过氧化破坏显著加强,植物体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性也明显增加,两者具有很好的相关性(R2=0.893)。随着盐度的升高,Rs各器官过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性都增强。根据实验结果,Rs能够在高盐度(50)下存活3个月。在盐度为20~30时,Rs在生理生态上表现对盐环境的适应性。当盐度高于40时,Rs的生理表现较为敏感,膜脂质氧化破坏严重。 相似文献
62.
Regina?H.?F.?MacedoEmail author Mariana?O.?Cariello Jeff?Graves Hubert?Schwabl 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2004,55(3):213-222
Guira cuckoos, Guira guira, exhibit a rare polygynandrous reproductive system with groups containing several male and female breeders, allowing for important tests of reproductive skew models. Female reproductive strategies involve leaving the group, varying clutch size, egg ejection and infanticide, among others. Here we examined the predictions of reproductive skew models relative to reproductive partitioning among females in groups. We used yolk protein electrophoresis to identify individual females eggs in joint nests. We found that reproductive partitioning favors early-laying females, which lay and incubate more eggs than females that begin laying later. Because the female that lays first tends to switch between repeated nesting bouts, and females do not always contribute eggs to each bout, female reproductive success tends to equalize within groups over time. The pattern of reproductive partitioning differs from that described for anis, another crotophagine joint-nester. We calculated reproductive skew indices for groups in 2 years, for both laying and incubation, as well as an overall population value. These were compared to random skew generated by simulations. Varying degrees of skew were found for different groups, and also across sequential nesting bouts of the same groups. Overall, however, skew did not deviate from random within the population. Nests that reached incubation tended to have lower skew values during the laying phase than nests terminated due to ejection of all eggs followed by desertion. Groups had higher reproductive skew indices in their first nesting bout of the season, and these nests frequently failed. These results illustrate the importance of social organization in determining not only individual, but group success in reproduction, and highlight the flexibility of vertebrate social behavior.Communicated by J. Dickinson 相似文献
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64.
职业接触苯乙烯工人静脉血中蛋白质环氧苯乙烯加合物的分析测定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
静脉血中蛋白质-环氧苯乙烯(SO)加合物的分析测定是将蛋白质中半胱氨酸残留经分解后,用Raney Ni催化反应生成两种加合物:α-苯己醇,β-苯已醇,再用五氟苯氯衍生,GC/MS测定,用同样的方法测SD大鼠血的蛋白质加合物,结果表明动物血中蛋白质加的与实验的苯乙烯或SO剂量有较好的相关性;而且SO与半胱氨酸的反应α位强于β位,在人群实验中,对一个石棉厂职业接触苯乙烯工人静脉血中的蛋白质加合物进行测 相似文献
65.
66.
气溶胶中的水溶性有机物研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先指出了对气溶胶中水溶性有机物( WSOC) 研究的意义,接着对气溶胶中水溶性有机物的分子组成、来源和浓度水平进行了介绍,综述了采样和分析方法的历史及其进展,并对当前研究工作中存在的问题和在中国的应用前景进行了评述 相似文献
67.
68.
We designed a microcosm experiment to assess the influence of inoculation with Eisenia foetida earthworms and the establishment of an Avena sativa cover crop on biological (enzyme activities and labile carbon fractions) soil quality indicators in a soil treated with a composted organic residue, and to determine the contribution of these treatments to carbon dioxide emissions from the soil to the atmosphere of the microcosm. The microcosms were incubated for 53 days under 28 °C/18 °C day/night temperatures. The addition of earthworms and the planting of A. sativa increased dehydrogenase activity of compost amended soil by about 44% after 23 days of incubation. The metabolic potential, calculated as the ratio dehydrogenase activity/water soluble C, was higher in the compost amended soil planted with A. sativa. The highest total amount of CO2–C evolved occurred in the soil treated with composted residue and earthworms (about 40% of the total amount of CO2 evolved came from earthworm activity). The planting of A. sativa increased the decomposition rate constant of organic matter in the amended soil but decreased the potentially mineralizable C pool. In conclusion, the establishment of an A. sativa cover crop and the addition of E. foetida to a degraded agricultural soil treated with composted residue were effective treatments for improving the biological and biochemical quality and the metabolic potential of the soil. 相似文献
69.
Thays de Andrade Guedes Cristina Moreira-de-Sousa Hellen Maria Soares Lima Tatiane Caroline Grella Priscila Cintra Socolowski Carmem Silvia Fontanetti 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(8):687-693
AbstractThe objective of this research was to investigate the potential damage caused by the residual concentrations of the insecticides Regent® WS 800 and Curbix® SC 200, containing fipronil and ethiprole, respectively as active ingredients, on the liver of Oreochromis niloticus. The analyses of HSP70 shock protein labelling and cell death process by TUNEL method were performed in order to measure the effects of the exposure of cell repair system of fish to both insecticides. Statistical analyses showed no significant molecular damage to the hepatic tissue of animals. Nevertheless, variations in HSP70 and DNA fragmentation levels, endpoint of cell repair system response and cellular death, respectively, were observed in several groups. These results indicate that the cell repair machinery was efficient when in contact with residual concentrations of insecticides. However, the DNA fragmentation detected by the TUNEL method suggests that even in face of the cytoprotective action of the HSP70 protein, there are damages that become irreparable. To finish, it is worth mentioning that given the results obtained from residual concentrations, use in the field should be with caution. 相似文献
70.
Schmid A 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2002,9(4):227-229
Mechanical oscillations as well as electrical oscillations (e.g. in an electrical oscillatory circuit) can lead to resonance conditions by external agitation with the natural frequency of the system. During the microbial protein synthesis, the induction and repression mechanisms also cause oscillations in the form of varying protein concentrations. The aim of this work concentrates on an induced resonance case of the biological system, comparable with physical resonance phenomena, by external periodic stimulations. For this, system theoretical computer simulations with a structured genetic model were carried out, which built the theoretical fundament for describing the effect of 'Biological Resonance'. Based on that, lab-scale experiments using a mixed microbial culture (activated sludge) and skimmed milk as an inducing substrate revealed an enhanced microbial productivity of around 60%-75% compared to values of the productivity under steady-state conditions in a narrow range of process parameters. The optimum (resonance case) was confirmed by a repetition of the variation experiments and is characterised by a substrate supply period of approx. 18 min and a following starvation period of about 9 min. Long-term investigations under optimised process conditions indicate adaptation mechanisms of the microorganisms to evade the imposed stress conditions. The productivity will not remain constant without additional stimulation and declines to its original level. However, temporal modulation of the starvation period permanently increases the productivity (elevated catabolism) to about 60%, which was observed over a period of several weeks. 相似文献