基于模糊层次分析法的民用机场安全风险管理

以某一民用机场为例,基于"人-机-环境-管理"的系统工程理论,分析该机场影响飞行安全的各影响因素。利用三角模糊数来表征专家判断信息,构造三角模糊数互补判断矩阵。依据模糊层次分析法,对各影响因素进行单排序和总排序,得到其重要性的排序。模糊层次分析法可以更加客观地描述专家判断的模糊性,并且计算过程简单。基于模糊层次分析法的安全风险管理不仅能够客观地评估民航的安全状态,而且对于有重点地改善民用机场安全有着积极的作用。     

氯离子含量对循环半干法烟气脱硫装置操作参数的影响

通过循环半干法烟气脱硫技术在巨宏热电厂135MW机组上的应用,研究了终产物中氯离子含量对操作参数的影响。结果表明：随着终产物中氯离子含量的增加,脱硫效率明显上升,趋近绝热饱和温度提高,布袋除尘器的喷吹周期缩短。     

浅谈如何选择温湿度箱

主要阐述了电子设备应用于不同场所,遇到的各种复杂的环境因素、;如高温、高湿、低温等,这些环境因素的存在将影响电子信息产品的可靠性,本文简要介绍了如何选用温湿度箱。     

Dynamics of herbaceous layer structure around the nests of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Formica aquilonia</Emphasis> Yarr. at initial stages of their formation

The time course of changes in characteristics of herbaceous vegetation around Formica aquilonia Yarr. ant nests formed from artificially relocated fragments of original families was studied over 6 years. At the initial stage of nest formation, species richness and diversity of the herbaceous layer decreased, and its taxonomic, spatial, phytocenotic, and ecological structure changed. Trivialization of vegetation around anthills was observed. The proportion of zoochorous and anemophilous plants with narrow or strongly dissected leaves increased in the developing myrmecotopic assemblages.     

传感器布设中有效独立法的简捷快速算法

本文提出一个通过正交三角分解快速计算有效独立法系数的方法。有效独立法是传感器布设中影响最广泛的一种方法,它使目标模态尽可能线性独立。传统的有效独立法计算需要对信息阵进行特征值分解或者计算矩阵逆,计算量较大。本文在笔者以前得出的有效独立法与模态动能法关系的基础上,提出先通过对模态矩阵进行正交三角分解(QR),然后比较其行范数即可得到有效独立法的系数,进而对各待选传感器位置进行排序并迭代依次删除。在待选传感器位置比感兴趣的模态数较多时,该法的计算效率明显提高。同时,采用正交三角分解删除一行后的更新算法,进一步提高了迭代计算的效率。最后通过I-40桥的算例表明该法的有效性。     

TMD抑制桥梁振动仿真分析

分别建立简支梁和调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)的运动方程,并采用振型叠加法建立与其对应的广义坐标方程,同时结合现代控制理论,采用状态空间法建立与其对应的状态方程,运用SIMULINK仿真系统对简支梁桥进行了动力仿真分析。首先对未布置TMD的系统进行了仿真分析,并与Newmark-β法编程计算的结果对比,两种方法的计算结果十分接近,说明了SIMULINK方法的准确性;在此基础上,对布置TMD的桥梁进行了分析,通过分析TMD参数对减振效果的影响,进行了动力学解释,所得出的优化参数,可供工程控制参考。     

Ca(II)在活性污泥生物絮凝中的作用研究

采用4个平行的序批式反应器(SBR),研究了进水Ca²⁺浓度对活性污泥絮体表面特性和结构稳定性的影响,并由此来确定Ca²⁺在生物絮凝中的作用。结果表明：随着进水Ca²⁺浓度的增加,污泥中的Ca含量逐渐增大。进水中Ca²⁺的加入,增大了污泥絮体的粒径和密度,进而改善了污泥的沉降性能;Ca²⁺的加入,使可供结合的蛋白质数量最高增至近1倍,污泥表面疏水性也相应增强;污泥絮凝性能的改善,主要和可供Ca²⁺结合的蛋白质含量增加有关,而非多糖;EDTA通过络合污泥絮体中的Ca²⁺,破坏了由Ca²⁺架桥形成的污泥絮体结构,这说明Ca²⁺可通过和胞外聚合物（extracellular polymeric substances, EPS）中的负电官能团架桥来促进污泥絮体的形成并维持絮体结构的稳定性。     

地铁乘客火灾应激反应过程模型构建与分析

为提高地铁乘客的火灾应对能力,基于应激反应模型,构建地铁火灾应激反应过程理论模型;收集357份有效问卷数据,采用因子分析和结构方程模型(SEM),探讨个体特性、特定情境、认知评价、社会支持、应对方式和应对结果6个变量及变量各维度之间的相互影响关系.研究结果表明:个体特性可以正向调节心理反应结果,特定情境变量可以反向调节...     

亚热带不同林地植物光合作用对空气CO_2浓度增高的响应

以桃金娘、荷木及九节和罗伞分别代表生长在密林、中等疏密林和疏林植物 .在较高空气CO2 浓度下 ,随着光强增加 ,疏林的桃金娘光合速率 (An/ μmolm-2 s-1)与光强关系曲线的最初直线部分斜率为 0 .0 5 1,而中等疏密林的荷木和九节则分别为 0 .0 39和 0 .0 34 ,密林的罗伞则较低 ,仅为 0 .0 2 2 .疏林桃金娘的不包括光呼吸的CO2 补偿点为Γ 38.1μLL-1,较荷木和九节分别约高 8.8%和 10 .7% ;较罗伞约高 14.7% .除罗伞有较低光呼吸速率外 ,疏林的桃金娘和中等疏密林荷木及九节的光呼吸速率 (Rd)相似 .光合作用的Rup2 饱和速率 (Vcmax)80 .2 μmolm-2 s-1,较荷木和九节分别高 2 4.8%和 2 2 .9% ,表明生长在疏林的桃金娘有较大羧化作用潜力 .实际电子传递速率与Rup2 再生有关 ,桃金娘的实际电子传递速率为 10 2 .7μmolm-2 s-1,明显较荷木和九节高 .罗伞有低的电子传导率 ,可能罗伞光合速率受Rup2 再生的明显限制 .桃金娘的光能转化效率δ为 0 .47electrons/quan tum .而中等疏密林的荷木和九节则为 0 .2 3和 0 .2 6electrons/quantum .疏林植物生长快 ,光合产物库不受限制时 ,空气CO2 浓度增高 ,有利于促进阳生阔叶树种的光合速率持续增高 ,促进其种群优势 .图 4表 1参 12     

Imputing Unmeasured Explanatory Variables in Environmental Epidemiology With Application to Health Impact Analysis of Air Pollution

This paper presents the results of a reconsideration of earlier work that finds an association between daily hospital admissions for respiratory distress and daily concentrations of sulphate (lag 1) as well as daily maximum concentrations of ozone (lags 1 and 3). These associations are found even after clustering the data by hospital of admission and accounting for the effects of temperature. We use an adaptation of their generalized estimating equation technique for clustered data, that daily data being for southern Ontario summers from 1983 to 1988. Like them, we adjust for daily maximum temperatures. However, unlike the earlier work returned to ours includes daily average humidity as a potential explanatory variable in our model. Our analysis also differs from theirs in that we cluster the data by census subdivision to reduce the risk of confounding pollutant levels with population size within regions. Moreover, we log-transform the explanatory variables and then high-pass filter the resulting data. We also deviate from the earlier analysis by taking account of measurement error incurred in using surrogate measures of the explanatory variables. To do so we use new methodology designed for our study but of potential value in other applications. That methodology requires a spatial predictive distribution for the unmeasured explanatory variables. Each day about 700 missing measurements for each of these variables can then be imputed over the geographical domain of the study. With these imputations we get a measure of imputation error through the covariance of the predictive distribution. Along with the predictive distribution we require an impact model to link-up with the predictive distribution. We describe that model and show how it uses the imputed measurements of the missing values of the explanatory variables. We also show how through that model, uncertainty about these values is reflected in our analysis and in commensurate uncertainties in the inferences made. Apart from its substantive objectives, our analysis serves to test the new methods with the earlier results serving as a foil. The reassuring qualitative agreement between our findings and the earlier results seems encouraging.