无线数据传输技术在列车安全监控系统中的应用

笔者将GSM网的无线数据传输技术成功应用到列车安全监控系统中 ,系统监测数据经转储发送系统中转 ,由移动台系统实时、无线传输到基站微机系统 ,通过VC ++语言编制的软件系统实时统计分析数据 ,来监控列车运行状况 ,达到列车安全运行的目标。在列车安全监控系统中 ,不仅实现了数据无线实时传输 ,而且提高了工作效率和减轻了工作强度。在济南铁路局装车试验并广泛使用 ,表明了无线数据传输技术应用到列车安全监控系统中具有较高的可靠性和实用性     

炼油厂"三泥"离心脱水处理研究

通过对目前炼油厂“三泥”性状的调查，利用已有污泥处理设施进行了炼油厂“三泥”离心分离的现场试验，并分析了影响“三泥”离心分离处理工艺的主要因素，发现了离心机转速和絮凝剂投加量对“三泥”离心分离的有关规律和最佳操作条件，在此基础上，提出了适合炼油厂“三泥”处理系统的优化方案。     

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR IRRIGATION PROJECT PLANNING1

ABSTRACT: This study presents three optimization techniques for on‐farm irrigation scheduling in irrigation project planning: namely the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing and iterative improvement methods. The three techniques are applied to planning a 394.6 ha irrigation project in the town of Delta, Utah, for optimizing economic profits, simulating water demand, and estimating the crop area percentages with specific water supply and planted area constraints. The comparative optimization results for the 394.6 ha irrigated project from the genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, and iterative improvement methods are as follows: (1) the seasonal maximum net benefits are $113,826, $111,494, and $105,444 per season, respectively; and (2) the seasonal water demands are 3.03*10³ m³, 3.0*10³ m³, and 2.92*10³ m³ per season, respectively. This study also determined the most suitable four parameters of the genetic algorithm method for the Delta irrigated project to be: (1) the number of generations equals 800, (2) population size equals 50, (3) probability of crossover equals 0.6, and (4) probability of mutation equals 0.02. Meanwhile, the most suitable three parameters of simulated annealing method for the Delta irrigated project are: (1) initial temperature equals 1,000, (2) number of moves equal 90, and (3) cooling rate equals 0.95.     

OPTIMIZATION MODELING OF A NEW FACILITY FOR THE CALIFORNIA STATE WATER PROJECT1

ABSTRACT: A non-linear optimization model is applied to the California State Water Project (SWP) and portions of the Central Valley Project (CVP). The model accounts for the major hydrologic, regulatory, and operational features of both projects. The model maximizes long-term SWP yields over a 70-year period, using a quarterly time step. The potential for increased yield associated with a proposed facility improvement is evaluated with the model. The proposed facility is an extension of the Folsom-South Canal, which would allow water to be conveyed from the American River below Folsom Reservoir into New Melones Reservoir on the Stanislaus River or into the California Aqueduct. Model results indicate that extension of the Folsom-South Canal has the potential to increase SWP yields by 13 percent.     

Development of Layered Sediment Structure and its Effects on Pore Water Transport and Hyporheic Exchange

Hyporheic exchange is known to provide an important control on nutrient and contaminant fluxes across the stream-subsurface interface. Similar processes also mediate interfacial transport in other permeable sediments. Recent research has focused on understanding the mechanics of these exchange processes and improving estimation of exchange rates in natural systems. While the structure of sediment beds obviously influences pore water flow rates and patterns, little is known about the interplay of typical sedimentary structures, hyporheic exchange, and other transport processes in fluvial/alluvial sediments. Here we discuss several processes that contribute to local-scale sediment heterogeneity and present results that illustrate the interaction of overlying flow conditions, the development of sediment structure, pore water transport, and stream-subsurface exchange. Layered structures are shown to develop at several scales within sediment beds. Surface sampling is used to analyze the development of an armor layer in a sand-and-gravel bed, while innovative synchrotron-based X-ray microtomography is used to observe patterns of grain sorting within sand bedforms. We show that layered bed structures involving coarsening of the bed surface increase interfacial solute flux but produce an effective anisotropy that favors horizontal pore water transport while limiting vertical penetration.     

多层商住楼抗震设防投资效益评价

针对不同结构多层商住楼的具体特征，运用结构易损性分析方法对各类房屋未来的震害情况进行了分析，给出了震害损失与投资效果的综合评价方法，为进行这类房屋的结构选型、设计及工程投资的优化提供一定的理论依据。     

土-地下结构的非线性动力相互作用——理论及应用

基于土-结构动力相互作用理论，阐述了土-地下结构非线性动力相互作用的基本原理及其建模方法。根据这一方法，对1995年日本阪神地震中震害最为严重的大开地铁车站进行了成灾机理有限元数值模拟分析。分析结果表明：在地震动作用下，车站结构顶板与侧墙的交叉部位，和中柱的顶底端首先发生弯曲破坏而形成塑性铰，使得顶板上覆土的大部分重量传递到由中柱来承担；在由顶板破坏后传来的上覆土重力和地震动在中柱中引起的压应力的共同作用下，中柱发生压曲和弯曲的双重破坏，导致中柱倒塌，进而导致车站顶板塌陷；同时还表明，水平向地震作用仍是造成大开地铁站结构破坏的主要因素。     

论嵌套制——一种安全生产管理的新方法

笔者所论述的嵌套制 ,是继现有 5种工厂管理运行机制之后的第 6种机制。通过阐述嵌套制的特征、原理、实例、理论与现有的 5种机制的区别 ,证明它是一种有效的工厂安全生产管理机制。推行嵌套制 ,对于追求更切合危险源点的潜在性与复杂性的控制方案 ,对于解决职业健康安全管理体系的路径与工厂其他各种管理途径接轨的问题 ,对于提升职业健康安全管理体系的实用性 ,对于催生具有实质效果的各级、各层次安全监督管理机制 ,对于促进安全生产管理理论的发展 ,都具有重要的作用。     

一种DSP+FPGA实时信号处理系统

简要叙述了常用的信号处理系统的类型与处理机结构,介绍了正逐步得到广泛应用的DSP+FPGA处理机结构,在此基础上提出了一种实时信号处理的线性流水阵列,并举例说明了该结构的具体实现,最后分析说明了此结构的优越性。     

五大连池老黑山火山的两次喷发活动

老黑山是五大连池火山群中最年轻的火山.通过对老黑山火山锥体结构及其形态分析指出,老黑山火山并非单锥,而是由先、后不同时期形成的两个锥体叠加组成的复合锥,表明它有两次喷发活动.通过对新发掘出的史料的分析,进一步指出,老黑山火山的第一次喷发时间为1720(不是1719年)-1721年,第二次可能为1776年.两次喷发活动的确认为研究老黑山火山喷发历史、喷发过程、喷发危险性评价和灾害预测等提供了新依据.