Ecological features of species range formation in the Altai snowcock

Ecological conditions for the Altai snowcock and the history of formation of its range in the Altai-Sayan mountain region are discussed. The range of this species extends mainly over mountain massifs surrounding the Great Lakes Basin in western Mongolia and the Tuva Basin. These regions are characterized by broken relief with steep slopes. Snowcocks populate both humid high-mountain areas of the Alpine type and dry-steppe areas in middle and low mountains. Expansion of this species to the Altai-Sayan region is attributed to Miocene-Pliocene aridization well manifested in central Asia. The recent distribution of the Altai snowcock over different altitudinal belts is explained by alternation of glaciations and interglacial periods in the Pleistocene and anthropogenic impact in the Holocene. The total abundance of this rare species is estimated at 10000–12000 individuals.     

The Structure of Energy Supply for Tissue Adaptation in Small Mammals Differing in Ecological Specialization

Multivariate factor analysis of the data on liver bioenergetics of mountain and forest voles has been performed. The specific features of tissue energy metabolism are best differentiated in the space of characters pertaining to the succinic acid oxidation system. The role of the dominant oxidation substrate in the structure of energy supply for the adaptation of tissue to a set of environmental factors in specialized and widespread species is discussed.     

山区道路灾害及环境影响分析

分析了山区道路灾害的形成及山区道路灾害的系统构成,提出了山区道路灾害的防治原理,从可持续发展角度分析了山区道路建设应注意的问题.     

THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON THE PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF A SUBALPINE LAKE1

ABSTRACT Atmospheric scientists have predicted that large-scale climatic changes will result from increasing levels of tropospheric CO₂ We have investigated the potential effects of climate change on the primary productivity of Castle Lake, a mountain lake in Northern California. Annual algal productivity was modeled empirically using 25 years of limnological data in order to establish predictive relationships between productivity and the climatic variables of accumulated snow depth and precipitation. The outputs of monthly temperature and precipitation from three general circulation models (GCMs) of doubled atmospheric CO₂ were then used in the regression model to predict annual algal productivity. In all cases, the GCM scenarios predicted increased algal productivity for Castle Lake under cenditions of doubled atmospheric CO₂The primary cause of enhanced productivity was the increased length of the growing season resulting from earlier spring ice-out.     

用实测资料对山区逆温的分析

利用云南早期温度层结探空实测资料对山区逆温的特征进行了分析,结果表明:干季逆温出现频率高,山区逆温维持时间长,逆温主要发生在低层。并对同一区域内代表不同下垫面的山区与河谷同期探空资料作了逆温层结的对比分析。     

山地径流调控净化技术研究

以呈贡县大渔乡大渔村台地为示范点,因地制宜开展山地径流调控技术研究及示范工程,可将示范区约50%的地表径流拦蓄分片集中控制净化,SS、TP、DTP去除率分别为98%、97.35%、78.57%;泥沙拦截效率为99.69%.     

重庆临峰山森林公园生态风险评价与防止对策

重庆临峰山森林公园生态系统属于次生林系统，系统的抗害能力较弱。森林公园规划、开发和运营中存在着较为严峻的生态风险。为了保护森林资源，促进森林公园的可持续发展，分析、评价了其主要生态风险源——森林火灾和生态入侵及其危害，并提出了相应的防止对策。     

山区地形大气扩散规律研究探讨

受山区起伏地形和不均匀下垫面的强烈影响,低层大气在水平和垂直两个方向上形成特殊的风场和温度场,污染物的输送和扩散规律比平原复杂的多.探索山区大气扩散规律是一项重要的研究课题,也是空气环境影响中急待解决的一个问题.本文通过对山区大气扩散特点的研究,在平坦地形大气扩散规律高斯模式的基础上,提出了较典型情况下的地形大气扩散修正公式,并通过模拟计算结果的比较,得出了公式的预测效果.     

隆回县高海拔山区高效生态经济型退耕还林造林模式研究

通过对六种植物配置方式及三种开发模式的对比试验分析，试验出了一种融水土保持效益与经济效益于一体的高效生态经济型造林模式，并探讨了灰毡毛忍冬产量与海拔高度的关系．结果表明：在自然条件恶劣的小沙江高海拔山区，采用金银花(品种为灰毡毛忍冬) 三木药材或其它草本药材，运用景观生态学原理进行设计开发，可获得很好的经济效益与社会效益，并能保持山区的可持续发展．同时还试验出了主栽树种灰毡毛忍冬在海拔1000～1400m之间时经济效益最好．     

人为干扰对川西亚高山针叶林土壤物理性质的影响

研究了川西亚高山针叶人工林在几种不同强度人为干扰下林地土壤物理性质。结果表明，随人为干扰强度的增加，土壤中细土（粉粒、粘粒）和大团聚体数量减少，小团聚体和原生土壤颗粒增加；土壤表层孔隙度减小，尤其是大孔隙明显减少；土壤有效水降低，持水供水能力减弱，渗透系数减小。川西亚高山人工针叶林土壤生态功能随人为干扰强度的增加而减弱，建议在最易受人为干扰的造林地区，最好是在造林初期封山育林。图1表5参13