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91.
翡翠贻贝内脏团抗氧化防御系统对菲胁迫的生物响应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
实验室条件下研究了海水中不同浓度(2.0、10.0、50.0μg L-1)菲胁迫1、4、8、15 d和清水恢复2、7 d后翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)内脏团中抗氧化酶(SOD、GSH-Px、CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化.结果表明,翡翠贻贝内脏团CAT活性在d 1即受到显著诱导(P<0.05),对菲胁迫的反应非常敏感;SOD活性和GSH-Px活性对菲胁迫的生物响应呈先诱导后抑制的变化规律,而MDA含量随曝露时间延长呈现上升的趋势,且浓度越高,这3种指标的变化趋势越明显.因此翡翠贻贝内脏团中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性及MDA含量均适合作为菲污染对水生生物毒性效应的指示指标.在清水恢复阶段,相对于对照组各指标均表现出一定程度的恢复,也表明翡翠贻贝能对一定程度的菲胁迫带来的氧化损伤进行自我修复.图2表1参19 相似文献
92.
采用化学浸渍法将Fe@Fe2O3纳米线负载在活性炭纤维/泡沫镍上组成Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni复合阴极,以钛基铂(Pt/Ti)为阳极,考察载铁量、初始pH值和不同电化学体系对除藻效果的影响,探究无供氧条件下Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni电化学体系除藻的效能;基于·OH间接检测、铁离子浓度、H2O2浓度及pH值的分析和·O2-的检测研究Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni中性电化学体系反应机制.结果表明,当制备阴极阶段投加0.03g FeCl3×6H2O,初始藻浓度为0.7×109~0.8×109个/L,电流密度为75mA/cm2,初始pH6.2时,电解60min,该体系除藻率可达到92.3%.在Pt/Ti-Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni电化学体系中,Fe@Fe2O3/ACF/Ni阴极可通过电化学反应产生大量·OH和·O2-,使藻细胞破裂死亡;该体系除藻的主要机理是非均相电Fenton反应. 相似文献
93.
Harekrishna Jana Chiranjit Maity Kuntal Ghosh Abhijit Mitra Kakoli Banerjee 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(8):745-753
Variations of antioxidant biomarkers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were studied in edible part of mangrove oyster Saccostrea cucullata, collected from three different water bodies, such as Namkhana (S-I), Frazergaunge (S-II) and Sajnekhali (S-III) of Indian Sundarbans which are exposed to different degrees of anthropogenic activity. The study was conducted for consecutive two years (2010 and 2011) in the respective water bodies. Characteristics of biomarkers in oyster from the two polluted water bodies, i.e. S-I and S-II, are similar in nature in comparison to less polluted site (S-III). The catalase, superoxide dismutase activity and lipid peroxidation in oyster flesh exhibit significant (p<0.01) spatial and temporal variation among the three stations. Oysters from S-I were significantly higher (p<0.05) in antioxidant enzyme activities than oysters from S-III, which differ in their amount of pollution sources. Maximum antioxidant enzymes activity of all collected samples were recorded in pre-monsoon time and decreased in monsoon season. But maximum lipid peroxidation was noted during monsoon followed by post-monsoon and pre-monsoon. 相似文献
94.
Abraham H. Parola Daniel Kost Gila Katsir Edna Ben-Izhak Monselise Rivka Cohen-Luria 《The Environmentalist》2005,25(2-4):103-111
Summary In previous publications, we reported that sinusoidal varying magnetic fields (SVMF) modify the activity and dynamics of the
malignancy marker adenosine deaminase, and enhance the proliferation of chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). While the SVMF examined
by us (50, 60 & 100 Hz / 0.06–0.7 mT) were all below kT, they may have the potential of altering chemical processes in which
excited radicals are involved.
We tested this hypothesis in two experimental systems: CEF in culture and Spirodela oligorrhiza (Lemnaceae) (a small aquatic plant, commonly known as Duckweed). CEF were exposed to SVMF of 100 Hz/0.7 mT for 24 h. The addition of
the exogenous radical scavengers catalase, superoxide dismutase or vitamin E to the cells during exposure significantly suppressed
enhancement of cell proliferation caused by the field (by 79, 67 and 82%, respectively, as evaluated by the MTT colorimetric
assay). 15N NMR analysis of Duckweed plants fed by 15N-labeled ammonium chloride and exposed to SVMF at 60 and 100 Hz/0.7 mT for 24 h, revealed augmented alanine production. Alanine
did not accumulate in the absence of SVMF. The addition of vitamin C, a radical scavenger, reduced alanine production by 82%.
Exposure to SVMF resulted in specific metabolic stress effects in Duckweed plants and enhanced proliferation of CEF. In both
cases, it is suggested that free radicals are involved. 相似文献
95.
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97.
除草剂苯噻草胺污染对多食鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium multivolum)抗氧化酶和ATP酶的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了暴露于苯噻草胺中的多食鞘氨醇杆菌Y1菌株中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(CAT)和ATP酶活性在短期内的变化.结果表明,苯噻草胺对细菌SOD活性诱导作用明显,尤其对处于对数生长期的细菌所产生的影响大于稳定生长期的细菌.苯噻草胺对CAT也有强烈的诱导作用,对处于不同生长阶段细菌的影响类似于对SOD的影响结果.苯噻草胺能激活ATP酶,但在细菌生长阶段影响较小.抗氧化酶和ATP酶相结合作为该类化合物对土壤污染胁迫的敏感生物指示物具有一定的可行性. 相似文献
98.
XU Qiu-jin NIAN Yue-gang JIN Xiang-can YAN Chang-zhou LIU Jin Jiang Gao-ming 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(2):217-221
Effects of chitosan on a submersed plant, Hydrilla verticillata, were investigated. Results indicated that H. venicillata could prevent ultrastructure phytotoxicities and oxidativereaction from polluted water with high chemical oxygen demand (COD). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in H. verticillata treated with 0.1% chitosan in wastewater increased with high COD (980 mg/L) and decreased with low COD (63 mg/L), respectively. Ultrastructural analysis showed that the stroma and grana of chloroplast basically remained normal. However, plant cells from the control experiment (untreated with chitosan) were vacuolated and the cell interval increased. The relict of protoplast moved to the center, with cells tending to disjoint. Our findings indicate that wastewater with high COD concentration can cause a substantial damage to submersed plant, nevertheless, chitosan probably could alleviate the membrane lipid peroxidization and ultrastructure phytotoxicities, and protect plant cells from stress of high COD concentration polluted water. 相似文献
99.
Tang Jiajun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1991,(4)
Altemaria alternata were isolated from wheat seeds collected from villages in Tianshui area of Gansu Province where Kaschin-Beck disease is prevalent. TLC, IR and UV analyses of metabolic extract of A. alternata show that A. alternata produce main secondary metabolites, including alternariol, alternariol methyl ether, and tenuazonic acid.There was a significant decrease in Se-GSH-Px and SOD activities, and an acceleration in lipid peroxidation in rats fed with a diet containing metabolites produced by A. alternata. 相似文献
100.
模拟酸雨对龙眼叶绿体的伤害效应 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
龙眼叶绿体超氧化的歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(AsA-POD)活性,谷胱甘肽(GSH)和抗坏血酸含量(AsA)含量随酸雨的pH值下降而降低,膜脂质过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)的含量则随酸雨的pH下降而增加。pH3.0的酸雨胁迫2h,SOD和AsA-POD活性,GSH和AsA含量有所增加,并随胁迫时间的延长而下降。pH3.5的酸雨处理使类整体膜崩解,叶绿体基粒片层结构混乱;pH3.0的酸雨处理的叶绿体片层结构伤害更为严重。图5图版2参21 相似文献