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41.
Influence of new town development on the urban heat island - The case of the Bundang area 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
SONG Young-bae 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(4):641-645
Five new towns have been developed around the Seoul metropolitan area since 1996. However, these new towns generate lots of traffic and related problems in the areas including those new towns and Seoul as a result of increases in population and a lack of ecological-self-sufficiency. Currently, construction of another new town is under deliberation, and what should be a major consider is the notion that the new town be located within a wide, green zone. Many studies have revealed that green space can play an important role in improving urban eco-meteorological capability and air quality. In order to analyze the urban heat island which will be created by the new urban development, and to investigate the local thermal environment and its negative effects caused by a change of land use type and urbanization, Landsat TM images were used for extraction of urban surface temperature according to changes of land use over the last 15 years. These data are analyzed together with digital land use and topographic information. As a study result, it was found the urban heat island of the study area from 198.5 to 1999 rapidly developed which showed a difference of mean temperature above 2.0. Before the Bundang new town construction the temperature of the residential area was the same as a forest, but during the new town construction in 1991 analysis revealed the creation of an urban heat island. The temperature of a forest whose size is over 50% of the investigation area was lowest, and thus the presence of a forest is believed to have a direct cooling effect on the urban environment and its surroundings. The mean temperature of the residential and commercial areas in the study was found to be 4.5 higher than the forest, and therefore this part of land use is believed to be the main factor causing the temperature increase of the urban heat island. 相似文献
42.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):831-842
This study represents the first quantitative evaluation of pollution transport budget within the boundary layer of typical cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region from the perspective of horizontal and vertical exchanges and further discusses the impact of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL)-free troposphere (FT) exchange on concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) within the ABL during heavy pollution. From the perspective of the transport flux balance relationship, differences in pollution transport characteristics between the two cities is mainly reflected in the ABL-FT exchange effect. The FT mainly flowed into the ABL in BJ, while in SJZ, the outflow from the ABL to the FT was more intense. Combined with an analysis of vertical wind profile distribution, BJ was found to be more susceptible to the influence of northwest cold high prevailing in winter, while sinking of strong cold air allowed the FT flowing into the ABL influence the vertical exchange over BJ. In addition, we selected a typical pollution event for targeted analysis to understand mechanistic details of the influence of ABL-FT exchange on the pollution event. These results showed that ABL-FT interaction played an important role in PM2.5 concentration within the ABL during heavy pollution. Especially in the early stage of heavy pollution, FT transport contributed as much as 82.74% of PM2.5 within the ABL. These findings are significant for improving our understanding of pollution transport characteristics within the boundary layer and the effect of ABL-FT exchange on air quality. 相似文献
43.
草坪作为城市绿地的重要组成部分,其温室气体的吸收或排放不容忽视.然而当前对亚热带城市草坪温室气体通量的研究相对匮乏.采用静态箱-气相色谱法,对杭州市城区典型城市草坪的多种温室气体(CO2、CH4、N2O和CO)地气交换通量进行了连续观测研究.结果表明,城市草坪的温室气体月平均通量变化明显,而其日变化特征并不明显.城市草地和土壤(无植被生长的裸土)是大气N2O的源,平均通量分别为(0.66±0.17)μg·(m2·min)-1和(0.58±0.20)μg·(m2·min)-1;是CH4和CO的汇,其中CH4平均通量分别为(-0.21±0.078)μg·(m2·min)-1和(-0.26±0.10)μg·(m2·min)-1,CO分别为(-6.36±1.28)μg·(m2·min)-1和(-6.55±1.69)μg·(m2·min)-1.城市草地和土壤CO2平均通量分别为(5.28±0.75) mg·(m2·min)-1和(4.83±0.91) mg·(m2·min)-1.基于相关性分析研究发现,草地和土壤的CO2和N2O通量均与降水量呈显著的负相关,而CH4和CO通量与降水量呈显著的正相关;除草地CH4通量与土壤温度无显著相关、草地N2O通量与土壤温度呈显著负相关外,其余各温室气体通量与土壤温度均呈显著正相关.另外,城市草坪的草地和土壤CO2(R2为0.371和0.314)和N2O (R2为0.371和0.284)通量季节变化受降水量的影响要大于其它温室气体,而土壤温度对CO通量的影响(R2为0.290和0.234)要显著于其它温室气体. 相似文献
44.
阳离子表面活性剂与二甲酚橙在pH7~8的溶液中发生显色反应,用修正光度法处理,能消除空白干扰,提高分析灵敏度,该方法检出限为0.08mg/L,线性范围0~15mg/L,加标回收率96%~102%,适于环境痕量分析。 相似文献
45.
本文介绍了一种新型的过滤技术(表面过滤技术)在袋式除尘器中的应用及其特点,该技术的采用可减少除尘器的压力损失,提高滤袋的使用寿命和除尘效率. 相似文献
46.
47.
ThebufferingeffectsofaquaticsedimentsagainstacidicdepositionLiaoBohan;TangHongxiao(ResearehCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences... 相似文献
48.
Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers. 相似文献
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