煤矸石-石灰石-纯碱烧结过程研究

从煤矸石中提取氧化铝、并用残渣直接煅烧硅酸盐水泥熟料，同时将废气、废液循环利用，是煤矸石高附加值、低污染资源化综合利用的新工艺．通过对该工艺的煤矸石石灰石纯碱烧结过程固相反应历程的分析和研究，揭示了烧结过程的反应特点，并讨论了烧结温度和烧结时间对氧化铝提取率的影响．当烧结温度为１０４０℃、烧结时间为８０ｍｉｎ时，氧化铝的提取率可达到最大值８５２％．     

氧化铝厂安全隐患消缺管理体系的探讨

通过对氧化铝厂安全隐患的综合分析,从对隐患的特征、隐患的管理、隐患的消缺办法等方面进行论述,提出了氧化铝厂安全隐患消缺管理体系.     

浅谈粉煤灰的资源化利用现状

粉煤灰是电力行业排放的主要固体废弃物,对其的资源化利用已成为环保的首要任务。对粉煤灰进行高附加值的资源化回收利用,是实现可持续发展的必经之路。介绍了大唐国际成功开发研制的从高铝粉煤灰中提取氧化铝技术,开辟了粉煤灰综合利用的新途径。     

氯化钙焙烧法提取粉煤灰中的氧化铝

研究了以CaCl2为配料对粉煤灰进行焙烧活化,焙烧熟料水洗后,用硫酸溶液浸取以回收粉煤灰中氧化铝的方法,并考察了焙烧温度和时间、CaCl2加量、硫酸浓度和浸取时间等因素对氧化铝回收率的影响.采用添加CaCl2焙烧的方法,可高效率破坏粉煤灰中的刚玉和莫来石,生成能被无机酸分解的物相,如钙铝黄长石、硅铝酸钙等.结果表明,按CaCl2:粉煤灰=0.8的比例加入CaCl2,于900℃焙烧30min,熟料经水洗涤后,按照每g粉煤灰~30mmol硫酸的量加入1~4mol/L的硫酸溶液,常温浸取30min,氧化铝浸出率可达95%以上.     

Preconcentration of some trace metal ions on coated alumina modified by 1-((6-(-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyleneamino) hexylimino) methyl) naphthalen-2-ol

A sensitive and efficient method for preconcentration of trace amounts of some metal ions such as Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Cr³⁺, and Fe³⁺ ions based on modification of sodium-dodecyl-sulphate (SDS) coated alumina with 1-(6-(-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl) methyleneamino) hexylimino) methyl) naphthalen-2-ol (HNMAHN) is reported. The method is based on the uptake of these ions following their chelation with HNMAHN and their recovery using a suitable eluent. The influence of parameters such as pH, concentration of ligand and amount of coated alumina, SDS concentration, eluent (type and concentrations), and elution volume on metal ion recoveries are investigated. The preconcentration factor is 150 (10?mL elution volume) for a 1500?mL sample volume. The method has been successfully applied for extraction and determination of these ions content in some real samples. Extraction efficiency is generally >95% with low relative standard deviations between 1.8% and 2.4 %.     

水合氧化铈铝柱撑锂皂石对氟的吸附性能研究

以锂皂石为层间黏土原料,通过微波插层反应,制备了水合氧化铈铝柱撑锂皂石新型层柱材料,采用FTIR、XRD、SEM等分析手段对材料的结构进行了表征,并研究了该材料对氟的吸附性能.结果表明,水合氧化铈铝进入锂皂石层间,形成具有层状微晶结构的柱撑锂皂石材料.随着铈铝柱化剂与锂皂石质量比(Xm)的增大,材料片层结构的层间距扩大、结晶度提高、表面结构更丰富.该材料对F-的吸附率随Xm、吸附剂用量的增大而提高,吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附方程;当Xm达到0.1、吸附剂用量为0.2g/L时,该材料在60min内对F-的吸附率可达到90%,吸附量达13.5mg/g,该吸附作用受温度、pH值的影响不大.     

生活饮用水除铬除氟的工艺设计与应用

某广电总局广播电台以深井水作为饮用水源,水中铬和氟严重超标,通过对除铬、除氟单独工艺的比较,最终采用活性氧化铝+活性炭+消毒的联合处理系统处理水中铬和氟,从理论和实践上证明该系统对地下水进行除铬、除氟处理作为饮用水的可行性,详细介绍了各处理构筑物、设计参数及经济技术指标。     

氧化铝对煤矸石提铝废渣制备水玻璃的影响

以纯石英砂或煤矸石酸浸提铝废渣为原料,采用低温(850℃)纯碱烧结法制备水玻璃,考察了杂质Al2O3含量对原料中SiO2溶出率以及产品水玻璃模数的影响,通过电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)手段对原料和产物进行了分析和表征.结果表明,与纯石英砂为原料制备水玻璃相比,杂质Al2O3的存在降低了SiO2-Na2O体系的反应温度,但由于Al2O3会与反应体系中的SiO2和Na2O反应生成水不溶性的铝硅酸钠盐,导致实际可溶性SiO2的含量减少,降低了SiO2的溶出率和硅酸钠的模数.通过添加石英砂可控制提铝废渣中的A12O3含量低于5％,使提铝废渣中SiO2的溶出率达到90％以上,制得水玻璃模数达2.15.     

Comparative study of solar-powered water production from atmospheric air using different desiccant materials

In this paper, experiments have been performed in order to determine the quantity of water produced from the atmospheric air using different desiccant materials named Silica gel, Activated alumina and Molecular sieve 13 X. On the bases of experimental results, a correlation is derived among the different temperatures and water production using Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology. A newly designed solar glass desiccant box type system (SGDBS), three in number, has been used. Design parameters for the production of water has been taken as depth of material from the glass is 0.22 m, inclination in angle as 30°, effective thickness of glass as 3 mm and number of glazing as single. It has been found experimentally that the maximum quantity of water produced by Silica gel, Activated alumina and Molecular sieve 13 X is 160, 20 and 35 ml/kg/day, respectively. Whereas theoretically, value of water produced by the Silica gel, Activated alumina and Molecular sieve 13 X is 600, 28 and 60 ml/kg/day, respectively.     

Catalytic ozonation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using alumina in the presence of a radical scavenger

Using a laboratory-scale mixed reactor, the performance of alumina in degrading 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with ozone in the presence of tert-butyl alcohol radical scavenger was studied. The operating variables investigated were the dose of alumina catalyst and solution pH. Results showed that using ozone and alumina leads to a significant increase in 2,4-D removal in comparison to non-catalytic ozonation and adsorption processes. The observed reaction rate constants (k_obs ) for 2,4-D during ozonation were found to increase linearly with increasing catalyst dose. At pH 5, the k_obs value increased from 19.3 to 26 M^?1 s^?1 and 67 M^?1 s^?1 when varying the alumina dose from 1 to 2 and 4 g L^?1, respectively. As pH was increased, higher reaction rates were observed for both non-catalytic ozonation and catalytic ozonation processes. Thus, at pH 3 and using a catalyst dose of 8 g L^?1, the k_obs values for non-catalytic ozonation and catalytic ozonation processes were 3.4 and 58.9 M^?1 s^?1, respectively, whereas at pH 5 reaction rate constants of 6.5 and 128.5 M^?1 s^?1 were observed, respectively. Analysis of total organic carbon suggested that catalytic ozonation with alumina achieved a considerable level of mineralization of 2,4-D. Adsorption of 2,4-D on alumina was found to play an important role in the catalytic ozonation process.