基于加权灰靶模型的区域铁矿安全生产能力评价

针对铁矿安全产能研究方面的不足,为了从系统的角度对此进行分析,并充分发挥专家的经验而且克服人为因素带来的偏差,首先构建了影响矿山安全生产能力的指标体系,然后借助层次分析法和熵权法确定指标的综合权重。最后,运用灰靶理论对四家铁矿的安全生产能力进行靶心度分析,实现了对四家铁矿安全生产能力的评价。结果表明,四家铁矿的安全产能由高到低排序依次为：张家洼矿、小官庄矿、莱新矿和莱州矿,与实际情况对比验证了方法的准确性。证明该方法为产能的评判提供了理论依据,是一种有效的方法,具有一定的应用价值。     

建设用地集约利用空间差异研究

土地的集约利用对社会发展具有重要的意义，研究土地集约利用空间差异可以更有效地提高土地利用水平。根据新一轮土地利用规划大纲要求和各区域土地利用实际，建立土地集约利用评价指标体系，确定土地集约利用评价的计算方法，包括数据的量化、标准化及综合计算模型，最后得出各地区土地集约利用程度。运用上述方法对孝感市建设用地集约利用空间差异进行分析，找出了其土地利用方面的问题和优势，为下一步改造提供依据和方向。     

生物芯片技术及其应用前景

生物芯片技术是一项发展迅速的高新技术，广泛应用于生物、医学、农业、环境检测和食品科学等领域，市场前景十分广阔。阐述了生物芯片的基本概念、分类及其主要应用，并对其发展前景作了展望。     

主基因研究与畜禽遗传资源开发

论述了畜禽主基因的概念、利用价值及研究状况，指出我国畜禽遗传资源的开发，实质上就是要发掘利用特异性状的主基因，并就如何开发利用主基因进行了探讨。     

A simple,rapid, and highly informative PCR-based procedure for prenatal diagnosis and carrier screening of phenylketonuria

The polymorphic information content (PIC) and the degree of heterozygosity of several polymorphic systems within the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene were determined in 85 European Caucasian and 19 Chinese phenylketonuria (PKU) kindreds. The first system examined, a short tandem repeat (STR), had a PIC of 80 and 73 per cent in these Caucasian and Chinese samples, respectively. The degree of heterozygosity actually observed for this system was 81 and 64 per cent in the Caucasian and Chinese PKU families, respectively. Through the addition of a second polymorphism based on a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), the PIC was increased to 90 per cent in Caucasians, but only to 75 per cent in Chinese. The degree of heterozygosity observed for this combination was 94 per cent in European PKU families and 67 per cent in Chinese PKU families. The further addition of an Xmnl RFLP increased both the PIC and the level of heterozygosity in Caucasians to 95 per cent, but did not change either of these measures in Chinese. The combined use of these three polymorphisms significantly increases the informativity of prenatal diagnostic and carrier screening procedures in both Caucasian and Chinese PKU kindreds. Furthermore, since each of these polymorphisms can be studied by PCR-based methods, these new tests can be performed more quickly and easily than previous Southern-based procedures.     

遗传算法在二氧化硫总量控制中的应用研究

污染物总量控制是目前我国广泛应用的一种控制区域环境质量达标的方法,为了实施城市大气污染物排放总量控制,实现各功能区污染物浓度达标,采用浓度控制与总量控制相结合的方法。本文提出利用遗传算法进行大气污染总量控制,并在传统遗传算法的基础上做了改进,提出基因库和基因重组的方法。     

害虫抗性杂合子死亡率对抗性进化的影响

通过计算机模拟,研究了在R基因频率和种群大小的三种不同组合情况下,害虫抗性杂合于在用药或不用药时对抗性进化的影响.模拟结果表明,1)在任何组合中不用药时R基因的衰退是一个缓慢的过程,除非(RR)和(RS)遗传型的生物适合度很低.若R基因的显性越高,生物适合度越低,则抗性基因衰退越快.2)用杀死全部或绝大多数杂合子的剂量,并有少量敏感个体迁入时,抗性可被控制.但抗性一旦很明显,则此策略不再有效.     

粉末冶金高纯铬和铬合金溅射靶材烧结工艺研究

介绍了不同加工方式对铬靶烧结密度的影响。在机压过程中,采用双向压制,不添任何成型剂和脱氧剂。机压+真空烧结铬环靶材密度为78%～80%;冷等静压+真空烧结铬板靶材密度大于82%;而经轧制后,铬板靶材密度提高到90%～95%;铬合金靶材采用热压方式,其密度大于98%。通过优化烧结时间和烧结温度等工艺参数,铬环靶材的烧结成本大大降低。     

金沙江流域生态地质环境现状及其对梯级水电站工程开发过程中生态环境保护的建议

金沙江流域地跨横断山断块抬升高山、高原褶皱隆起中一低山和四川盆地掀斜台陷深切丘陵三种环境地质域,地质环境复杂,地形起伏大,流域水平及立体气候变化明显,由此营造出复杂的生态地质环境系统。流域水资源储量丰富,是中国最大的水电能源基地,流域规划开发12座梯级电站。梯级电站的开发必然与流域的生态地质环境发生相互作用,作用的正负效应事关水电开发本身的安全,也维系流域乃至西部生态环境的安全,因此必须客观地评价流域生态地质环境现状,预测梯级电站修建后可能产生的影响。文章结合流域的生态地质环境现状,筛选出27个评价指标,将其分成斜坡(岸坡)稳定性评价子系统、水土流失与水库淤积评价子系统、生态环境演化评价子系统和人类活动评价子系统四大子系统,在此基础上建立金沙江流域“水电工程开发对生态地质环境影响评价系统”。最后, 利用该评价系统将流域划分为26个生态地质环境质量片区,分述其现状和梯级电站开发影响。     

Genetic basis of lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa in an affected fetus: Implications for prenatal diagnosis in one family

Fetal skin biopsy at 20 weeks' gestation in a woman at risk for a child with the lethal skin-blistering disorder junctional epidermolysis bullosa (Herlitz) confirmed an affected fetus. Genomic DNA from the aborted fetus was examined for mutations in laminin 5, a macromolecule involved in adhesion at the dermal-epidermal junction, and a candidate protein in this condition. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of exon 10 and parts of the flanking introns of the gene encoding the β3 chain of laminin 5 (LAMB3) and subsequent analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis showed a more slowly migrating band in the affected fetus compared with the normal control. Nucleotide sequencing of the abnormal PCR product revealed a homozygous 77 bp duplication within the exon, resulting in a premature termination codon 250 bp downstream from the 3′ end of the duplication. Maternal DNA was heterozygous for the mutant and wild-type alleles. These findings illustrate the genetic basis of the skin disease in this case and also offer the prospects of a simple, rapid, and reliable first-trimester DNA-based prenatal, or even preimplantation, diagnostic test for future pregnancies in this family.