Environmental Ethics: Should We Preserve the Red Herring and Flounder?

Based on a survey of some popularintroductory anthologies and texts, I arguefrom my experience as a philosopher oftechnology that environmental philosophy mightbe conceived by some researchers in the fieldin terms of an overly narrow theoreticalfoundation. Many of the key figures in thefield take as a basic assumption that theenvironmental crisis is fundamentally bestexplained in terms of some failing in themetaphysical outlooks of most people. However,philosophers of technology typically present atleast two additional types of generalexplanation of the crisis. Environmentalethicists might benefit from consideration ofthese alternative ways of explaining the rootcauses of the ecological crisis.     

高职高专教育环境下的大学语文课程研究

在高职高专教育环境下，大学语文课程的日益边缘化已经成为不争的事实。大学语文重不重要这一问题，原则性的答案和事实上的回答截然对立。2004年3月，内地及港澳台学者在“大学语文教学研讨会”上达成共识，他们认为：“只要不把大学办成技校，只要大学还是大学，大学语文的作用就不容忽视。”因而，现在的主要问题不是论证大学语文多么重要，而是要研究教学效果的达成。本文将通过对大学语文课程的性质定位、教学内容、教学方法和考核方式进行分析和研究，进而论证大学语文对高职学生素质和能力培养的积极意义。     

粘胶纤维行业实施清洁生产的措施思考

在粘胶纤维行业中推行的清洁生产工艺,以及我国粘胶纤维工业可以采取的清洁生产措施,同时提出了实现清洁生产的主要途径,阐明了清洁生产是以节能、降耗、战污为目标,以管理技术为手段,实施工业生产过程控制污染,使污染物产生、排放量最小的一种综合性措施.     

无公害农产品生产与生态农业

分析了无公害农产品生产与生态农业建设的关系 ,认为生态农业是无公害农产品生产的有效途径。此外 ,探讨了有关无公害农产品生产的技术与管理体系。     

Cost-effective environmental policy: implications of induced technological change

Cost-effective environmental policy generally requires that all emission sources are faced with the same tax. In this paper I discuss how the existence of induced technological change may alter this result, if at least some of the effect is external to the firm. Focusing on Learning by doing (LBD) effects in abatement activities, it is shown that emission sources with external learning effects should be faced with a higher tax than emission sources with only autonomous technological change. By using simple numerical simulations, it is further investigated to what degree a cost-effective climate policy differs from a free quota market, under various assumptions about learning effects, diffusion of technology and environmental targets. The results indicate that optimal taxes may be significantly higher in the industrial world than in the developing world. Moreover, the industrial world's share of global abatement may be much higher in a cost-effective solution than in a free quota market. The global cost savings of a fully flexible implementation of the Kyoto Protocol are further questioned, as potential spillover effects of technological growth in the industrial world are not internalised in the market.     

协同创新视角下资环专业研究生科技创新能力提升途径

资源循环科学与工程专业硕士毕业生存在规模小、科技创新能力不足、能力施展受限等问题,无法满足产业对高层次人才的需求。究其原因有:(1)新兴专业,其研究生导师队伍建设不健全,人才培养质量参差不齐;(2)交叉专业,其科技创新能力培养方向尚需融合凝练;(3)综合专业,其现有科研平台还不足以支撑学科发展,科技创新能力培养模式还没有完全形成。因此,本学科研究生培养单位应树立协同创新理念,坚持行业需求导向,充分挖掘办学特色和优势,凝练培养方向、完善以科技创新能力培养核心的研究生培养方案;加强师资队伍建设,建立健全科研平台;支持鼓励科技创新实践活动,做好学科前沿追踪;加强校校交流互动,提升硕士点认可度。     

燃煤电站锅炉技改中控制氮氧化物的效果

原锅炉热损失较大,NOx排放超标,改造后的锅炉增加了新型燃烧器,既减少了热损,又能减少NOx排放量,使NOx排放浓度达到国家规定标准。     

Energy taxes and endogenous technological change

This paper studies the effects of a tax on energy use in a growth model where market structure is endogenous and jointly determined with the rate of technological change. Because this economy does not exhibit the scale effect (a positive relation between TFP growth and aggregate R&D), the tax has no effect on the steady-state growth rate. It has, however, important transitional effects that give rise to surprising results. Specifically, under the plausible assumption that energy demand is inelastic, there may exist a hump-shaped relation between the energy tax and welfare. This shape stems from the fact that the reallocation of resources from energy production to manufacturing triggers a temporary acceleration of TFP growth that generates a √-shaped time profile of consumption. If endogenous technological change raises consumption sufficiently fast and by a sufficient amount in the long run, and households are sufficiently patient, the tax raises welfare despite the fact that—in line with standard intuition—it lowers consumption in the short run.     

特种机电设备安全科技支撑体系建设探讨

针对机电类特种设备的特点和安全科技现状,提出了构建特种机电设备安全科技支撑体系的架构。根据机电类特种设备的安全形势,以全面提升特种机电设备检验检测技术机构的能力,保障特种机电设备安全为目的,探讨特种机电设备安全科技支撑体系,研究分析由检验检测技术平台、风险评估技术平台、安全监测预警平台、应急救援技术平台、科技应用服务平台5个支撑平台构成的支撑体系的建设主体和建议。     

科技进步在农业自然资源利用中的作用——以鄱阳湖区为例

以建国后鄱阳湖区农业自然资源利用的演变过程为对象,阐述了传统计划经济体制下的鄱阳湖区农业科技应用,分析了农业科技在以市场改革为导向的湖区农业自然资源利用中的作用。在此基础上,应用索洛余值法对湖区不同历史阶段的农业技术进步贡献率进行了评估,结论表明以市场改革为导向的制度创新是科技进步发挥作用的关键性因素。